scholarly journals The influence of panel effects and inertia on travel cost elasticities for car use and public transport

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lissy La Paix ◽  
Abu Toasin Oakil ◽  
Frank Hofman ◽  
Karst Geurs
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inertia Effects ◽  
Panel Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

AbstractStudies on the impact of changes in travel costs on car and public transport use are typically based on cross-sectional travel survey data or time series analysis and do not capture intrapersonal variation in travel patterns, which can result in biased cost elasticities. This paper examines the influence of panel effects and inertia in travel behaviour on travel cost sensitiveness, based on four waves of the Mobility Panel for the Netherlands (comprising around 90,000 trips). This paper analyses the monetary costs of travel. Panel effects reflect (within wave) intrapersonal variations in mode choice, based on three-day trip diary data available for each wave. The impact of intrapersonal variation on cost sensitiveness is shown by comparing mode choice models with panel effects (mixed logit mode choice models with error components) and without panel effects (multinomial logit models). Inertia represents variability in mode choice between waves, measured as the effect of mode choice decisions made in a previous wave on the decisions made in the current wave. Additionally, all mode choice models include socio-economic and spatial variables but also mode preferences and life events. The effect of inertia on travel cost elasticities is measured by estimating mixed logit mode choice models with and without inertia effects. The main conclusion is that the inclusion of intrapersonal effects tends to increase cost sensitiveness whereas the inclusion of inertia effects decreases travel cost sensitiveness for car and public transport modes. Car users are identified as inert travellers, whereas public transport users show a lower tendency to maintain their usual mode choice. This paper reveals the inertia effects over four waves of repeated respondent’s data repeated yearly.

scholarly journals Quantifying contact patterns in response to COVID-19 public health measures in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle Brankston ◽  
Eric Merkley ◽  
David N. Fisman ◽  
Ashleigh R. Tuite ◽  
Zvonimir Poljak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Contact Patterns ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Abstract Background A variety of public health measures have been implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada to reduce contact between individuals. The objective of this study was to provide empirical contact pattern data to evaluate the impact of public health measures, the degree to which social contacts rebounded to normal levels, as well as direct public health efforts toward age- and location-specific settings. Methods Four population-based cross-sectional surveys were administered to members of a paid panel representative of Canadian adults by age, gender, official language, and region of residence during May (Survey 1), July (Survey 2), September (Survey 3), and December (Survey 4) 2020. A total of 4981 (Survey 1), 2493 (Survey 2), 2495 (Survey 3), and 2491 (Survey 4) respondents provided information about the age and setting for each direct contact made in a 24-h period. Contact matrices were constructed and contacts for those under the age of 18 years imputed. The next generation matrix approach was used to estimate the reproduction number (Rt) for each survey. Respondents with children under 18 years estimated the number of contacts their children made in school and extracurricular settings. Results Estimated Rt values were 0.49 (95% CI: 0.29–0.69) for May, 0.48 (95% CI: 0.29–0.68) for July, 1.06 (95% CI: 0.63–1.52) for September, and 0.81 (0.47–1.17) for December. The highest proportion of reported contacts occurred within the home (51.3% in May), in ‘other’ locations (49.2% in July) and at work (66.3 and 65.4% in September and December). Respondents with children reported an average of 22.7 (95% CI: 21.1–24.3) (September) and 19.0 (95% CI 17.7–20.4) (December) contacts at school per day per child in attendance. Conclusion The skewed distribution of reported contacts toward workplace settings in September and December combined with the number of reported school-related contacts suggest that these settings represent important opportunities for transmission emphasizing the need to support and ensure infection control procedures in both workplaces and schools.

Could a New Mode Alternative Modify Psycho-Attitudinal Factors and Travel Behavior?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (9) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Eleonora Sottile ◽  
Francesco Piras ◽  
Italo Meloni
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Light Rail ◽  
Attitudinal Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

There is ample consensus that, besides objective characteristics, psycho-attitudinal factors play a key role in influencing people’s mode choice. Hybrid choice models use these theoretical frameworks so as to include latent constructs for capturing the impact of subjective factors on mode choice. But recent work in transportation research raised the question about the ability of hybrid choice models to derive policy implications that aim to change travel behavior, given the focus on cross-sectional data. To address this problem we designed a survey for collecting longitudinal data (socio-economic and psycho-attitudinal) to evaluate, on the one hand, the long-term effects on travel mode choice of the implementation of a new light rail line in the metropolitan area of Cagliari (Italy), on the other to detect any changes in the psycho-attitudinal factors and socio-economic characteristics after implementation of those measures. In particular, the objective of the study is to analyze whether these changes in individual characteristics are able to affect mode choice from a modeling perspective, through the specification and estimation of hybrid models. Our results show that latent variables were not significantly different over waves, showing that the impact of the psychological construct remained stable over time, even after the introduction of the new light rail. Additionally, we found some evidence that the variables that explain the latent variables could change over time.

Is compact city livable? The impact of compact versus sprawled neighbourhoods on neighbourhood satisfaction

Urban Studies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 2408-2430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Mouratidis
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Compact City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Neighbourhood Satisfaction ◽  
The Impact

Low-density urban forms are often considered more livable than compact ones. Yet, studies investigating the relationship between compact cities and livability do not take into consideration the importance of public transport, accessibility and mix of land uses along with high densities. Moreover, direct comparisons of livability between the compact city and its alternative, urban sprawl, are scarce, and even more so in a European context. Investigating the metropolitan area of Oslo, which encompasses both compact and sprawled areas, this study examines the impact of the compact city on livability by employing neighbourhood satisfaction as a livability measure. Three different methods are used: cross-sectional regression analysis, longitudinal comparisons and qualitative analysis. Cross-sectional results indicate that compact-city residents are significantly more satisfied with their neighbourhood than those who live in sprawled neighbourhoods, even after controlling for sociodemographic and other variables. Longitudinal analysis based on residents who have lived in both neighbourhood types confirms this finding. This study also examines the impact of compactness within a wider range of urban form typologies and finds that the higher the density, the higher the neighbourhood satisfaction. Important components of the compact city – public transport, accessibility to city centre and land use mix – demonstrate a positive association with neighbourhood satisfaction. Findings from this study suggest that, when common urban problems are addressed, and when planned to integrate all its essential characteristics, the compact city has a positive influence on livability.

scholarly journals Sustainable Mobility Policy Analysis Using Hybrid Choice Models: Is It the Right Choice?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2993
Author(s):  
Gustavo García-Melero ◽  
Rubén Sainz-González ◽  
Pablo Coto-Millán ◽  
Alejandra Valencia-Vásquez
Keyword(s):  
Policy Analysis ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Mode Choice ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, sustainable mobility policy analysis has used Hybrid Choice Models (HCM) by incorporating latent variables in the mode choice models. However, the impact on policy analysis outcomes has not yet been determined with certainty. This paper aims to measure the effect of HCM on sustainable mobility policy analysis compared to traditional models without latent variables. To this end, we performed mode choice research in the city of Santander, Spain. We identified two latent variables—Safety and Comfort—and incorporated them as explanatory variables in the HCM. Later, we conducted a sensitivity study for sustainable mobility policy analysis by simulating different policy scenarios. We found that the HCM amplified the impact of sustainable mobility policies on the modal shares, and provided an excessive reaction in the individuals’ travel behavior. Thus, the HCM overrated the impact of sustainable mobility policies on the modal switch. Likewise, for all of the mode choice models, policies that promoted public transportation were more effective in increasing bus modal shares than those that penalized private vehicles. In short, we concluded that sustainable mobility policy analysis should use HCM prudently, and should not set them as the best models beforehand.

scholarly journals Motorcycle Drivers’ Parking Lot Choice Behaviors in Developing Countries: Analysis to Identify Influence Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phuc Hai Hoang ◽  
Shengchuan Zhao ◽  
Siv Eng Houn
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Choice Behavior ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Choice Models ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Mixed Logit Model ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
The Impact

Drivers’ behaviors to look for a parking space are affected by numerous influence factors, and there are differences between motorcycle drivers and other drivers, such as car drivers and truck drivers. In many developing countries, motorcycles dominate urban transportation, and it is essential to assess the impact of motorcycle drivers’ parking choice behavior as a solution to reduce the effect on traffic flow. This study identified the influence factors of motorcycle drivers’ parking lot choice models in a developing country, Viet Nam. Data were collected in a motorcycle dependent city, Ho Chi Minh (HCM) City, typically. A stated preference (SP) survey was designed and collected 318 answers from motorcycle drivers. Various discrete choice models under the assumption of random utility maximizations (RUM), which included the mixed logit model, multinomial logit model, and nested logit model, were employed to evaluate the influence factors on motorcycle drivers’ parking choice behavior models. The results showed that the mixed logit model fit with the data. Parking fee, walking distance, the capacity of the parking lot, and queuing time have significant effects on parking lot choice modeling. However, navigation and street sign variables showed a lesser effect on the choices of motorcycle users. This study towards parking planning solution for motorcycles and the author expects that it would be helpful to further study on the parking lot in developing countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document