Digital Interventions for PTSD Symptoms in the General Population: a Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia Stefanopoulou ◽  
David Lewis ◽  
Aneesah Mughal ◽  
Jan Larkin
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Digital Interventions

scholarly journals The Influence of Human Support on the Effectiveness of Digital Mental Health Promotion Interventions for the General Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Elise Renfrew ◽  
Darren Peter Morton ◽  
Jason Kyle Morton ◽  
Geraldine Przybylko
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Health Promotion ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Support Conditions ◽  
Automated Support ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions ◽  
Human Support

Mental wellbeing amongst the general population is languishing—exacerbated by the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Digital mental health promotion interventions, that improve mental health literacy and encourage adoption of evidence-informed practical strategies are essential. However, attrition and non-adherence are problematic in digital interventions. Human support is often applied as an antidote; yet, there is a paucity of randomized trials that compare different human support conditions amongst general population cohorts. Limited trials generally indicate that human support has little influence on adherence or outcomes in DMHPIs. However, providing participants autonomy to self-select automated support options may enhance motivation and adherence.

Disturbo Post-Traumatico e comportamento criminale negli adolescenti. Una revisione della letteratura

2009 ◽  
pp. 119-137
Author(s):  
Vittoria Ardino
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Developmental Criminology ◽  
Linee Guida ◽  
Keywords Trauma ◽  
Developmental Significance ◽  
Published Research

The article reviews studies of PTSD in delinquent adolescents. Articles on PTSD in delinquent adolescents were retrieved through search engines (MEDLINE, Psychlit) and by exploration of references in those articles. The review highlights that delinquent adolescents have higher rates of PTSD symptoms when compared to adolescents in the general population. Published research shows substantial limitations and contradictory findings that need further investigations to be more informative. The developmental significance of the cooccurrence of PTSD and criminal behaviour is discussed within the Developmental Criminology paradigm aiming to encourage further empirical investigations and treatment implications.Keywords: trauma, PTSD, antisocial behaviour, adolescence Parole chiave: trauma, PTSD, comportamento antisociale, adolescenzaParole chiave: procedure, linee guida, protezione, abuso all'infanzia.

PTSD Symptoms and Comorbid Mental Disorders in Israeli War Veterans

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Skodol ◽  
Sharon Schwartz ◽  
Bruce P. Dohrenwend ◽  
Itzhak Levav ◽  
Patrick E. Shrout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Comorbid Disorders ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
War Veterans ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Shared Risk

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate patterns of mental disorders comorbid with PTSD symptoms in young Israeli men exposed to combat.MethodSix hundred and seventeen subjects were selected via a general population sample and evaluated in a two-phase case-identification procedure, culminating in a modified SADS–L interview, administered by psychiatrists.ResultsMajor depressive disorder (OR=3.2), substance use disorders (OR=1.9) and personality disorders (OR=3.0) occurred more frequently in men reporting symptoms of PTSD than in men who had been under fire who did not report symptoms. With the possible exception of personality disorders, comorbid disorders did not constitute risk factors for PTSD. Comorbid PTSD and RDC disorders were associated with increased help-seeking.ConclusionsThe results suggest similar rates and types of PTSD comorbidity in Israeli war veterans as in veterans in the US assessed in general population studies, and are consistent with shared risk factors for PTSD and comorbid disorders.

scholarly journals The distribution of psychosis, ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD symptoms among a trauma-exposed UK general population sample

Psychosis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Frost ◽  
Maria Louison Vang ◽  
Thanos Karatzias ◽  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Mark Shevlin
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Complex Ptsd ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms

scholarly journals Factors impacting resilience as a result of exposure to COVID-19: The ecological resilience model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Panzeri ◽  
Marco Bertamini ◽  
Sarah Butter ◽  
Liat Levita ◽  
Jilly Gibson-Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
General Population ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Ecological Resilience ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Trait Resilience ◽  
Severe Anxiety

Despite the severe psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, some individuals do not develop high levels of psychological distress and can be termed resilient. Using the ecological resilience model, we examined factors promoting or hindering resilience in the COVID-19 pandemic. Of the 1034 participants (49.9±16.2 years; females 51.2%) from Italian general population, 70% displayed resilient outcomes and 30% reported moderate-severe anxiety and/or depression. A binary regression model revealed that factors promoting resilience were mostly psychological (e.g., trait resilience, conscientiousness) together with social distancing. Conversely, factors hindering resilience included COVID-19-anxiety, COVID-19-related PTSD symptoms, intolerance of uncertainty, loneliness, living with children, higher education, and living in regions where the virus was starting to spread. In conclusion, the ecological resilience model in the COVID-19 pandemic explained 64% of the variance and identified factors promoting or hindering resilient outcomes. Critically, these findings can inform psychological interventions supporting individuals by strengthening factors associated with resilience.

Fatigue trajectories in long-term non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20053-e20053
Author(s):  
Matthew Roger LeBlanc ◽  
Sheryl Zimmerman ◽  
Mariam Kayle ◽  
Thomas William LeBlanc ◽  
Kathryn Elizabeth Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Population Mean ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Experienced Fatigue ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Population Norm

e20053 Background: Fatigue is a common and distressing effect of cancer and its treatment. Prior research suggests fatigue persists long after diagnosis and treatment in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) survivors. This study aimed to identify distinct trajectories of fatigue in NHL survivors and predictors of trajectories that could inform clinical care. Methods: Our secondary analysis used data from a longitudinal study of NHL survivors (n = 886) at least 2 years post-diagnosis. Fatigue was measured using the SF-36 vitality subscale across three time points. Prior literature informed the selection of baseline demographic (e.g. age, gender, race) and disease characteristics [e.g. NHL type, comorbidities, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)] explored as possible predictors of fatigue trajectories. We used group-based trajectory modeling to identify distinct groups of patients experiencing similar patterns of fatigue. Variables significant in bivariate analysis were included in a stepwise multinomial logistic regression to identify factors predictive of group membership. Results: We identified four distinct trajectories that suggest levels of fatigue persist unchanged over time. The Low Fatigue Group (15.6%) experienced less fatigue than the general population. The Population Norm Group (42.5%) experienced a similar level of fatigue to the general population mean. The Significant Fatigue Group (27.5%) experienced fatigue levels almost one standard deviation worse than the general population. The Worst Fatigue Group (14.3%) experienced fatigue almost two standard deviations worse than the population norm. PTSD symptoms and comorbidity scores were predictive of levels of fatigue over time. Greater age at diagnosis increases the odds survivors experienced worse fatigue than the population mean (Table). Conclusions: Levels of fatigue experienced early in an NHL patients’ disease trajectory may persist for many years. Higher levels of PTSD symptoms and comorbidities were predictive of worse fatigue over time. Early interventions addressing PTSD symptoms and comorbidities may improve long term fatigue outcomes. [Table: see text]

Arterial stiffness is a potential mechanism and promising indicator of orthostatic hypotension in the general population

VASA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingtao Meng ◽  
Si Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Shixi Wan ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Baroreceptor Sensitivity ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a disease prevalent among middle-aged men and the elderly. The association between arterial stiffness and OH is unclear. This study evaluates whether arterial stiffness is correlated with OH and tests the usefulness of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an arterial stiffness marker, with regard to identifying OH. Patients and methods: A sample of 1,010 participants was recruited from the general population (64.8 ± 7.7 years; 426 men) who attended health check-ups. BaPWV and the radial augmentation index (rAI) were both assessed as the arterial stiffness markers, and OH was determined using blood pressure (BP) measured in the supine position, as well as 30 seconds and 2 minutes after standing. Results: The prevalence of OH in this population was 4.9 %. Compared with the non-OH group, both baPWV (20.5 ± 4.5 vs 17.3 ± 3.7, p < 0.001) and rAI (88.1 ± 10.8 vs 84.2 ± 10.7, p < 0.05) were significantly higher in the OH group. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, baPWV (OR, 1.3; 95 % CI, 1.106–1.528; p < 0.05) remained associated with OH. Moreover, the degree of orthostatic BP reduction was related to arterial stiffness. In addition, increases in arterial stiffness predicted decreases in the degree of heart rate (HR) elevation. Finally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that baPWV was useful in discriminating OH (AUC, 0.721; p < 0.001), with the cut-off value of 18.58 m/s (sensitivity, 0.714; specificity, 0.686). Conclusions: Arterial stiffness determined via baPWV, rather than rAI, was significantly correlated with the attenuation of the orthostatic hemodynamic response and the resultant OH. The impaired baroreceptor sensitivity might be the mechanism. In addition, baPWV appears to be a relatively sensitive and reliable indicator of OH in routine clinical practice.

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