Detecting the Signal of Atmospheric N Deposition in Recent National-Scale Vegetation Change Across Britain

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Smart ◽  
M. R. Ashmore ◽  
M. Hornung ◽  
W. A. Scott ◽  
D. A. Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition

Detecting the signal of atmospheric N deposition in recent national-scale vegetation change across Britain

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Smart ◽  
M. R. Ashmore ◽  
M. Hornung ◽  
W. A. Scott ◽  
D. A. Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Change ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition

ATMOSPHERIC N DEPOSITION TO THE COASTAL AREA OF THE BLACK SEA: SOURCES, INTRA-ANNUAL VARIATIONS AND IMPORTANCE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SURFACE LAYER

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Sergey Konovalov ◽  
Sergey Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Local Source ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Urban Location

Atmospheric precipitations can be an important source of nutrients to open and coastal zones of marine ecosystem. Jickells [1] has published that atmospheric depositions can sup-port 5-25% of nitrogen required to primary production. Bulk atmospheric precipitations have been collected in a rural location at the Black Sea Crimean coast – Katsiveli settlement, and an urban location – Sevastopol city. Samples have been analyzed for inorganic fixed nitrogen (IFN) – nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium. Deposi-tions have been calculated at various space and time scales. The monthly volume weighted mean concentration of IFN increases from summer to winter in both locations. A significant local source of IFN has been revealed for the urban location and this source and its spatial influence have been quantified. IFN deposition with atmospheric precipitations is up to 5% of its background content in the upper 10 m layer of water at the north-western shelf of the Black Sea. Considering Redfield C:N ratio (106:16) and the rate of primary production (PP) in coastal areas of the Black Sea of about 100-130 g C m-2 year-1 we have assessed that average atmospheric IFN depositions may intensify primary production by 4.5% for rural locations, but this value is increased many-fold in urban locations due to local IFN sources.

ATMOSPHERIC N DEPOSITION TO THE COASTAL AREA OF THE BLACK SEA: SOURCES, INTRA-ANNUAL VARIATIONS AND IMPORTANCE FOR BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SURFACE LAYER

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Alla Varenik ◽  
Sergey Konovalov ◽  
Sergey Konovalov
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Local Source ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Urban Location

Atmospheric precipitations can be an important source of nutrients to open and coastal zones of marine ecosystem. Jickells [1] has published that atmospheric depositions can sup-port 5-25% of nitrogen required to primary production. Bulk atmospheric precipitations have been collected in a rural location at the Black Sea Crimean coast – Katsiveli settlement, and an urban location – Sevastopol city. Samples have been analyzed for inorganic fixed nitrogen (IFN) – nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium. Deposi-tions have been calculated at various space and time scales. The monthly volume weighted mean concentration of IFN increases from summer to winter in both locations. A significant local source of IFN has been revealed for the urban location and this source and its spatial influence have been quantified. IFN deposition with atmospheric precipitations is up to 5% of its background content in the upper 10 m layer of water at the north-western shelf of the Black Sea. Considering Redfield C:N ratio (106:16) and the rate of primary production (PP) in coastal areas of the Black Sea of about 100-130 g C m-2 year-1 we have assessed that average atmospheric IFN depositions may intensify primary production by 4.5% for rural locations, but this value is increased many-fold in urban locations due to local IFN sources.

Indirect N2O emission due to atmospheric N deposition for the Netherlands

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (32) ◽  
pp. 5827-5838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Denier van der Gon ◽  
Albert Bleeker
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition

scholarly journals Microbial Mechanisms Mediating Increased Soil C Storage under Elevated Atmospheric N Deposition

2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1191-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Eisenlord ◽  
Zachary Freedman ◽  
Donald R. Zak ◽  
Kai Xue ◽  
Zhili He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Soil C ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Soil C Storage

ABSTRACTFuture rates of anthropogenic N deposition can slow the cycling and enhance the storage of C in forest ecosystems. In a northern hardwood forest ecosystem, experimental N deposition has decreased the extent of forest floor decay, leading to increased soil C storage. To better understand the microbial mechanisms mediating this response, we examined the functional genes derived from communities of actinobacteria and fungi present in the forest floor using GeoChip 4.0, a high-throughput functional-gene microarray. The compositions of functional genes derived from actinobacterial and fungal communities was significantly altered by experimental nitrogen deposition, with more heterogeneity detected in both groups. Experimental N deposition significantly decreased the richness and diversity of genes involved in the depolymerization of starch (∼12%), hemicellulose (∼16%), cellulose (∼16%), chitin (∼15%), and lignin (∼16%). The decrease in richness occurred across all taxonomic groupings detected by the microarray. The compositions of genes encoding oxidoreductases, which plausibly mediate lignin decay, were responsible for much of the observed dissimilarity between actinobacterial communities under ambient and experimental N deposition. This shift in composition and decrease in richness and diversity of genes encoding enzymes that mediate the decay process has occurred in parallel with a reduction in the extent of decay and accumulation of soil organic matter. Our observations indicate that compositional changes in actinobacterial and fungal communities elicited by experimental N deposition have functional implications for the cycling and storage of carbon in forest ecosystems.

scholarly journals Nitrogen balance of a boreal Scots pine forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 11201-11237 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. J. Korhonen ◽  
M. Pihlatie ◽  
J. Pumpanen ◽  
H. Aaltonen ◽  
P. Hari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Organic N ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Drainage Flow ◽  
Nutrient Pools ◽  
Scots Pine Forest

Abstract. The productivity of boreal forests is considered to be limited by low nitrogen (N) availability. Increased atmospheric N deposition has altered the functioning and N cycling of these N-sensitive ecosystems. The most important components of N pools and fluxes were measured in a boreal Scots pine stand in Hyytiälä, Southern Finland. The measurement at the site allowed direct estimations of nutrient pools in the soil and biomass, inputs from the atmosphere and outputs as drainage flow and gaseous losses from two micro-catchments. N was accumulating to the system with a rate of 7 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Nitrogen input as atmospheric deposition was 7.4 kg N ha−1 yr−1. Dry deposition and organic N in wet deposition contributed over half of the input in deposition. Total outputs were 0.4 kg N ha−1 yr−1, the most important outputs being N2O emission to the atmosphere and organic N flux in drainage flow. Nitrogen uptake and retranslocation were as important sources of N for plant growth. Most of the uptaken N originated from decomposition of organic matter, and the fraction of N that could originate directly from deposition was about 30%. In conclusion, atmospheric N deposition fertilizes the site considerably.

scholarly journals Consistent Effects of Canopy vs. Understory Nitrogen Addition on Soil Respiration and Net Ecosystem Production in Moso Bamboo Forests

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1427
Author(s):  
Chunju Cai ◽  
Zhihan Yang ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Yunsen Lai ◽  
Junjie Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Forest Canopy ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Net Ecosystem Production ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Atmospheric N Deposition ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Ecosystem Production

Nitrogen (N) deposition has been well documented to cause substantial impacts on ecosystem carbon cycling. However, the majority studies of stimulating N deposition by direct N addition to forest floor have neglected some key ecological processes in forest canopy (e.g., N retention and absorption) and might not fully represent realistic atmospheric N deposition and its effects on ecosystem carbon cycling. In this study, we stimulated both canopy and understory N deposition (50 and 100 kg N ha−1 year−1) with a local atmospheric NHx:NOy ratio of 2.08:1, aiming to assess whether canopy and understory N deposition had similar effects on soil respiration (RS) and net ecosystem production (NEP) in Moso bamboo forests. Results showed that RS, soil autotrophic (RA), and heterotrophic respiration (RH) were 2971 ± 597, 1472 ± 579, and 1499 ± 56 g CO2 m−2 year−1 for sites without N deposition (CN0), respectively. Canopy and understory N deposition did not significantly affect RS, RA, and RH, and the effects of canopy and understory N deposition on these soil fluxes were similar. NEP was 1940 ± 826 g CO2 m−2 year−1 for CN0, which was a carbon sink, indicating that Moso bamboo forest the potential to play an important role alleviating global climate change. Meanwhile, the effects of canopy and understory N deposition on NEP were similar. These findings did not support the previous predictions postulating that understory N deposition would overestimate the effects of N deposition on carbon cycling. However, due to the limitation of short duration of N deposition, an increase in the duration of N deposition manipulation is urgent and essential to enhance our understanding of the role of canopy processes in ecosystem carbon fluxes in the future.

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