Soil type influence nutrient availability, microbial metabolic diversity, eubacterial and diazotroph abundance in chickpea rhizosphere

Abstract Rhizosphere microbial communities are dynamic and play a crucial role in diverse biochemical processes and nutrient cycling. Soil type and cultivar modulate the compositionof rhizosphere microbial communities. Changes in the community composition significantly alter microbial function and ecological process. We examined the influence of soil type on eubacterial and diazotrophic community abundance and microbial metabolic potential in chickpea (cv. BG 372 and cv. BG 256) rhizosphere. The total eubacterial and diazotrophic community as estimated through 16S rDNA and nifH gene copy numbers using qPCR showed the soil type influence with clear rhizosphere effect on gene abundance. PLFA study has shown the variation in microbial community structure with different soil types. Differential influence of soil types and cultivar on the ratio of Gram positive to Gram negative bacteria was observed with most rhizosphere soils corresponding to higher ratios than bulk soil. The rhizosphere microbial activities (urease, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and beta-glucosidase) were also assessed as an indicator of microbial metabolic diversity. Principal component analysis and K-means non-hierarchical cluster mapping grouped soils into three categories, each having different soil enzyme activity or edaphic drivers. Soil type and cultivar influence on average substrate utilization pattern analyzed through community level physiological profiling (CLPP) was found to be higher for rhizosphere soils than bulk soils. The soil nutrient studies revealed that both soil type and cultivar influenced the available N, P, K and organic carbon content of rhizosphere soil. Our study signifies that soil type and cultivarjointly influenced soil microbial community abundance and their metabolic potential.

Download Full-text

Impact of season on the Quality Guava concentrate

International Journal of Food and Allied Sciences ◽

10.21620/ijfaas.2016115-22 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Naveed Akhbar ◽

Umar Farooq ◽

Kashif Akram ◽

Hafeez Ur Rehman ◽

Muhammad Asim Ijaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Nutrient Availability ◽

Soil Type ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Quality Attributes ◽

Spring Season ◽

Autumn Season ◽

Juice Concentrate ◽

Better Than

<p>Among fruits, guava (<em>Psidium guajava </em>L.), belonging to the Myrtaceae family, grows well in tropical and subtropical regions. It is an important export fruit but it is perishable, so it must be processed into some kind of products like jam, jellies and concentrates. Nutritional and shelf life of fruit based product depend upon number of storage factors as well as pre-harvest factors like soil type, nutrient availability, rainfall, neighbor plants, climate and season. Season is an important pre-harvest factor, affecting the quality attributes of guava products. In present study guava juice concentrate was prepared from fruit harvested in spring as well as in autumn seasons. The results showed that guava concentrate made from autumn fruit had 1.13 times brix content, have higher pH and 3.9 % more vitamin C as compared to concentrate made from spring season guava. The results indicated that the concentrate prepared from guava harvested in autumn season was nutritionally better than the concentrate prepared from guava harvested in spring season.</p>

Download Full-text

Compensatory growth of three grasses following simulated grazing in relation to soil nutrient availability

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b95-016 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 141-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Samantha L. Hicks ◽

R. J. Reader

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Availability ◽

Soil Type ◽

Compensatory Growth ◽

Poa Pratensis ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Soil Nutrient Availability ◽

Total Leaf ◽

Simulated Grazing

This study tested predictions about the effect of soil nutrient availability on compensatory growth by grazed plants. A factorial experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to examine effects of soil nutrient availability (three soil types differing in content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium) on total leaf length and biomass of three perennial grasses (Poa compressa, Poa pratensis, and Dactylis glomerata) that were subjected to simulated grazing (plants clipped 2 cm above the soil). Clipped plants of D. glomerata were not able to compensate for lost biomass in one soil type, and clipped plants of P. pratensis did not compensate for an initial reduction in total leaf length in another soil type. Otherwise, clipped plants compensated for lost biomass or leaf length independent of soil type. These results indicate that soil nutrient availability may affect compensatory growth by clipped plants, but compensatory responses of the three grasses studied here were only partly consistent with predictions of current models. Key words: herbivory, regrowth, nutrients, Poa, Dactylis.

Download Full-text