Recognition of Wheel Polygon Based on W/R Force Measurement by Piezoelectric Sensors in GSM-R Network

In force measurement applications, a piezoelectric force sensor is one of the most popular sensors due to its advantages of low cost, linear response, and high sensitivity. Piezoelectric sensors effectively convert dynamic forces to electrical signals by the direct piezoelectric effect, but their use has been limited in measuring static forces due to the easily neutralized surface charge. To overcome this shortcoming, several static (either pure static or quasistatic) force sensing techniques using piezoelectric materials have been developed utilizing several unique parameters rather than just the surface charge produced by an applied force. The parameters for static force measurement include the resonance frequency, electrical impedance, decay time constant, and capacitance. In this review, we discuss the detailed mechanism of these piezoelectric-type, static force sensing methods that use more than the direct piezoelectric effect. We also highlight the challenges and potentials of each method for static force sensing applications.

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Static force measurement by piezoelectric sensors

2006 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics Speed and Signal Processing Proceedings ◽

10.1109/iscas.2006.1693799 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Ozeri ◽

D. Shmilovitz

Keyword(s):

Force Measurement ◽

Piezoelectric Sensors ◽

Static Force

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A1.1 - Electrical Strain Gauges, Piezoelectric Sensors or Fiber Bragg Sensors for Force Measurement: Prospects and Potentials

10.5162/sensor2013/a1.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Th. Kleckers

Keyword(s):

Force Measurement ◽

Piezoelectric Sensors ◽

Strain Gauges

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The importance of occlusal force measurement in orthognathic surgery - A pilot study

Journal of Surgery Peridontology and Implant Research ◽

10.35252/jspir.2020.1.002.1.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Duarte

Keyword(s):

Orthognathic Surgery ◽

Force Measurement ◽

Anterior Part ◽

Posterior Part ◽

Piezoelectric Sensors ◽

Dental Arch ◽

Occlusal Force ◽

Occlusal Contact ◽

Pressure Region ◽

Bite Pressure

Purpose: This pilot investigation was designed to apply several, newly developed and more sophisticated methods of measuring muscle structure and function in a situation where adaptation of muscle is pivotal to the success of a therapeutic approach. Materials and Methods: Patients attending the combined orthodontic/orthognathic surgery clinic at the Clitrofa – Centro Médico, Dentário e Cirúrgico, in Trofa - Portugal were tested according to the protocol of Bite force and occlusal contact area were simultaneously measured with Bite Training Machine and Occlusal Force Diagnostic System. An Experimental design used for the measurement of occlusal force. The study involved the contribution of two independent examiners that measured the bite pressure (psi) in five different FSS sensors at three different time moments. A combination of different parametric tests has been used to compare the different experimental variables. Results: Neither the variation of examiner, nor the variations of time have shown to influence the bite pressure (psi). In contrast, the occlusal force measurement system developed has shown a high level of sensitivity due to the distribution of the five FSS sensors in the horseshoe-shaped form. A three-pressure region model fits the experimental data shown in this study, comprising a low-pressure region located in the anterior part of the dental arch, a medium-pressure region in the medial part of the dental arch and an high-pressure region located in the posterior part of the dental arch. Conclusions: The piezoelectric sensors used in the present study have shown high reproducibility of measurement. Due to the recent miniaturization of FSS sensors, the authors are developing new occlusal force measurement systems comprising a higher number of piezoelectric sensors, with the objective of attaining even higher sensitivity of measurement throughout the different region of the dental arches.

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Setting-Up Of A Cutting Forces Measurement System

ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis ◽

10.1515/aucts-2015-0051 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 188-193

Author(s):

Cristian-Gheorghe Turc ◽

George Belgiu ◽

Felicia Veronica Banciu

Keyword(s):

Data Acquisition ◽

Measurement System ◽

Cutting Forces ◽

Force Measurement ◽

Data Acquisition System ◽

Piezoelectric Sensors ◽

Time Data ◽

Cutting Force Measurement ◽

Real Time Data ◽

Force Measurement System

Abstract The paper is focused in the field of cutting forces measurement by modern sensors and data acquisition systems. It is presented the measurement chain with its components. Thus, there are presented the piezoelectric sensors that are commonly used in modern cutting forces dynamometers construction, as well as some typical topologies. The measurement system includes a data acquisition system that allows the real time data acquisition during the cutting process. The proposed cutting force measurement system can be used in the measurement of three orthogonal forces in milling processes, as well as the measurement of the torque in drilling processes.

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