Genetic effects of forest fragmentation in high-density Araucaria angustifolia populations in Southern Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Vitória Messias Bittencourt ◽  
Alexandre Magno Sebbenn
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
High Density ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil

scholarly journals Reserve metabolism of stored and germinated Araucaria angustifolia seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. e42707
Author(s):  
Cristhyane Garcia Araldi ◽  
Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Recalcitrant Seeds ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Embryo Tissue ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Cold Chamber ◽  
Early Developmental ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Mature Seeds

Germination metabolism of recalcitrant seeds of Araucaria angustifolia is activated in storage, which complicates the seeds conservation and utilization. This study aimed to identify the changes in the reserve metabolites of A. angustifolia seeds throughout storage in order to understand the processes of hydrolysis caused by germination metabolism. Mature seeds were harvested in southern Brazil and stored in an ambient environment and cold chamber conditions. Biochemical analyses were performed for embryos and megagametophytes from seeds stored for 0, 15, 30, 45, and 90 days. Due to seeds being in advanced germination in storage, they were evaluated at 90 days in different early developmental categories: I – seeds with mature embryos, II – seeds with embryos showing apparent elongation along the embryonic axis, and III – seeds with root protrusion. Higher contents of carbohydrate, protein, and amino acids were observed in embryos compared to megagametophytes, and these metabolites were decreased after onset of germination, especially in the embryo tissue. Mobilization of metabolites in megagametophytes would probably increase in later stages of germination. It is suggested that such alterations are not due to deterioration of reserve components, but instead are based on seed metabolism, which remains active after harvest with hydrolysis of metabolites providing energy for germination.

scholarly journals Effect of substrate formulations on seedlings of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntz, a critically endangered species from Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
Leandro Marcolino Vieira ◽  
Erik Nunes Gomes ◽  
Jéssica De Cássia Tomasi ◽  
Valdeci Constantino ◽  
Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Critically Endangered Species

Araucaria angustifolia, vulgarmente conhecida como araucária ou pinheiro do Paraná, é uma espécie de planta ameaçada de extinção, nativa do sul do Brasil. O cultivo desta espécie é uma abordagem importante para reduzir o desmatamento assegurando a geração de renda. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes formulações de substrato no crescimento, qualidade e teores de clorofila de mudas de araucária em um sistema conjugado substrato/recipiente, como uma abordagem para promover a propagação e o cultivo da espécie. As sementes foram semeadas em quatro composições diferentes de substrato: F73 (casca de pínus, fibra de casca de coco, fertilizante de liberação lenta [FLL] e fertilizantes fosfatados), F55 (casca de pínus, fibra de casca de coco [em maior proporção que em F73], FLL e fertilizantes fosfatados), T55 (casca de pínus, turfa nacional, FLL e fertilizantes fosfatados) e CC55 (casca de pínus, turfa de esfagno, palha de arroz, FLL e fertilizantes fosfatados). As mudas foram mantidas em uma área de viveiro em um sistema conjugado substrato/recipiente, com irrigação manual. Após 180 dias da semeadura, as mudas foram avaliadas quanto à altura, diâmetro de coleto, áreas foliares e radiculares, massa seca de brotações e raízes e teores de clorofilas a, b e clorofilas totais. O quociente de robustez e o índice de qualidade de Dickson (IQD) também foram calculados com base nas variáveis ​​biométricas. Os substratos F73 e CC55 promoveram maior crescimento de altura e diâmetro de coleto em comparação com outros substratos. Outras variáveis ​​relacionadas ao crescimento e qualidade das mudas e aos níveis de clorofila não diferiram em função dos substratos. A massa seca de raiz e massa seca total foram correlacionadas positivamente com o IQD. O diâmetro do coleto apresentou alta correlação positiva com a altura, a massa seca da parte aérea e a massa seca total das mudas de A.angustifolia.

scholarly journals VEGETATIVE RESCUE AND CUTTINGS PROPAGATION OF Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivar Wendling ◽  
Gilvano Ebling Brondani
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Coniferous Tree ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Upper Third ◽  
Environmental Importance

Brazilian pine or araucaria (Araucaria angustifolia) is a coniferous tree with great economic, social and environmental importance in southern Brazil, being exploited for both wood production and for its edible pine nuts. However, no efficient cloning techniques are available and, therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of vegetative rescue methods for cuttings propagation of the species. Shoots/cuttings were generated in two ways: 26 years old trees underwent coppicing and 20 years old trees had the primary branches on the upper third of crown pruned at 2, 20 and 50 cm from the main trunk. Orthotropic shoots were rooted after application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at 0, 2, 4 and 6 g.L-1. Coppicing produced 47 cuttings per plant with 90% orthotropic shoots, while pruning resulted in 182 cuttings per plant with 44% orthotropic shoots. Rooting success indexes were low with no influence of IBA, although they are slightly superior to the ones available in the literature for the species, ranging from 12 to 30% for the coppice shoots and from 0 to 28% for the branches shoots. We conclude that both vegetative rescue techniques are viable and have potentially important applications. Coppicing is recommended for the propagation aiming the production of wood, while shoots derived from the side branches of the crown are more appropriate for seeds orchards formation.

scholarly journals ASPECTOS PRODUTIVOS E COMERCIAIS DO PINHÃO NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ

FLORESTA ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anadalvo Juazeiro Dos Santos ◽  
Néder Maciel Corso ◽  
Gílson Martins ◽  
Eduardo Bittencourt
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Edible Seed ◽  
Marketing Chain

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar aspectos produtivos e de comercialização do pinhão, semente da árvore conhecida vulgarmente como Pinheiro do Paraná (Araucária angustifolia (Bert.) O Kuntze). Esta espécie vegetal de porte arbóreo ocorre na região Sul e Sudeste do Brasil, principalmente nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná. Do ponto de vista metodológico foi primeiramente realizado um levantamento de dados econômicos sobre este produto nas instituições públicas do Estado do Paraná. A partir destes dados foram calculadas a Margem Bruta e o Markup de Comercialização. Também foi construído o fluxograma que apresenta os diversos elos que compõe a cadeia extrativa deste Produto Florestal Não Madeirável. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a maior parte da lucratividade no interior desta cadeia é apropriada pelos intermediários. Técnicas de conservação e industrialização devem ser desenvolvidas para promover a comercialização e uso do pinhão em outras épocas do ano, além da estação de produção. Isto tornaria o preço de mercado mais atraente incentivando a sua extração e comercialização. PRODUCTIVE AND COMMERCIAL ASPECT OF PINHÃO IN PARANA STATE Abstract This paper intends to give a marketing prime in the study of the pinhão, an edible seed from Parana-pine (Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O Kuntze).This species occurs in Southern Brazil, mainly along the States of Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Parana.This study concentrated firstly in the agregation of data from publics institucions of Parana State. Secondly, it carries out the calculus of the index of gross commercialization margins and markup of commercialization. It also builds a flow concerning the various levels composing the marketing chain. Results obtained point out that the majority of rentability is apropriate for intermediary also the industralization techniques should be developed in order to promote the commercialization and use of pinhão in other periods of the year, besides the season of production. Addicionaly, there should be better prices for de producers to incentive the activity

scholarly journals Comparison of seedling growth among three co-occurring varieties of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze under greenhouse conditions

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luiz Coutinho ◽  
Lúcia Rebello Dillenburg
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Recruitment ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
The Other ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Seed Color ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Main Root ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Mass Allocation

Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze is a tall, long-lived tree species, which grows as an emergent tree in the araucaria forests of southern Brazil. Four varieties have been described for this species, and three of them were selected for this study: "angustifolia" (the type variety), "caiova" and "indehiscens". These are co-occurring varieties that differ in external seed color and timing of seed maturation. The purpose of this study was to compare the initial growth of plants originated from seeds of these three varieties, in order to test the hypothesis that these varieties also differ in the initial growth of their seedlings. Seeds were collected from a single forest location, and 60 plants per variety were grown in pots for a period of 244 days. The "angustifolia" variety accumulated significantly more mass (both in shoot and root) than the other two, but the three varieties did not differ in mass allocation between shoot and root and between lateral roots and the main root. The greater growth of the type variety may help explain its greater natural abundance, since attaining a larger size will have positive effects on seedling recruitment and survival.

scholarly journals Local varieties of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Pinales: Araucariaceae) in southern Brazil: A brief discussion about landscape domestication

Biotemas ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Sergio Muniz Tagliari ◽  
Nivaldo Peroni
Keyword(s):  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Landscape Domestication

A Araucária é uma espécie emblemática da Floresta Ombrófila Mista – FOM. O comércio do “pinhão”, sua semente, é economicamente relevante para grupos regionais, influenciando no manejo e uso da espécie. As populações da espécie foram historicamente manipuladas pela ação humana, que identificam variedades locais, caracterizando certo grau de domesticação da espécie e da paisagem. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi identificar essas variedades, caracterizar o uso e manejo do “pinhão” em comunidades locais circundantes ao Parque Nacional de São Joaquim – PNSJ, e discutir interações homem-plantas que possam ser relevantes na estruturação de paisagens culturais domesticadas. Aplicamos questionários semi-estruturados a quinze agricultores-extratores no entorno do PNSJ. Realizando turnês guiadas, montamos nove parcelas de 1600 m2 para coleta de dados populacionais da Araucária. Nos questionários, quatro variedades foram citadas: “Cajuvá”, “Macaco”, “Do cedo” e “Do tarde” além de duas variedades identificadas nas turnês-guiadas (N=52). Todos entrevistados afirmaram usar, direta/indiretamente, o “pinhão”, além de citarem variedades que conhecem e/ou manejam na FOM, evidenciando processo de domesticação. A conservação da Araucária pode ser favorecida ao considerar populações humanas locais que usam e manejam os recursos dessa espécie, fortalecendo sua conservação ao nível de paisagens manejadas junto às Unidades de Conservação do estado.  

scholarly journals The Azure Jay may reproduce in plantations of Araucaria angustifolia in southern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-212
Author(s):  
ANDREA LARISSA BOESING ◽  
LUIZ DOS ANJOS
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Cooperative Breeding ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Active Nest

SummaryWe undertook field observations of the Azure Jay Cyanocorax caeruleus in Araucaria plantations and a secondary forest in southern Brazil from 2007 to 2010. During the breeding season, the territory and the flock sizes in Araucaria plantations (31.6–42.2 ha; 2–3 individuals) seemed to be smaller than in the secondary forest (64.5–72.6 ha; 5–6 individuals). One active nest was monitored in October–November 2009 and indicated cooperative breeding by the Azure Jay, as for the majority of American jays. The fact that reproduction was documented in Araucaria plantations may be positive for the conservation of this species, since natural areas of mixed rainforest are becoming increasingly scarce.

Using high-density UAV-Lidar for deriving tree height of Araucaria Angustifolia in an Urban Atlantic Rain Forest

2021 ◽  
pp. 127197
Author(s):  
Ernandes Macedo da Cunha Neto ◽  
Franciel Eduardo Rex ◽  
Hudson Franklin Pessoa Veras ◽  
Marks Melo Moura ◽  
Carlos Roberto Sanquetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
High Density ◽  
Atlantic Rain Forest ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia

scholarly journals HEIGHT-DIAMETER RELATIONSHIPS FOR Araucaria angustifolia (BERTOL.) KUNTZE IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

CERNE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Arnoni Costa ◽  
Thomas Schroder ◽  
César Augusto Guimarães Finger
Keyword(s):  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Forest Inventories ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Forest Conditions

ABSTRACT Height-diameter relationships are used in order to make forest inventories less expensive and to assess growth and yield. This study aimed to develop height-diameter models for individual trees of Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze for different locations and growth conditions in Southern Brazil. Our data include locations of at least one third of this species natural geographical distribution. We used Michailoff’s model, and compared height-diameter tendency through analytical methods. The model showed good overall precision and accuracy. Trees growing in forest conditions had a higher asymptotic height, and reached it at smaller diameters than open-grown trees. Different regions had contrasting height-diameter tendency indicating site potential, especially for natural forests. Individual tree asymptotic height was correlated with site altitude and mean annual precipitation. This study represents a source of parameters for height-diameter relationships in a large geographical span, for a species with high cultural and timber value in Southern Brazil.

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