scholarly journals Maturational effect on physical capacities and anabolic hormones in under-16 elite footballers: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Eskandarifard ◽  
Rui Silva ◽  
Hadi Nobari ◽  
Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽  
Jorge Pérez-Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Fatigue Index ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Playing Time ◽  
Physical Capacities

Abstract Purpose The purposes of this study were to describe the fitness and hormonal levels according to playing time (PT) (i.e., PT during season less (PT1) or more (PT2) than 50% of the total time) and maturation level (ML) (i.e., normal (ML1) and early maturity levels (ML2)), and to analyze the differences between groups for the measures of aerobic capacity, anaerobic power, power performance, and hormonal concentrations. Methods Twenty-four youth footballers of a U16 team participated in this study. Anthropometric measures, maturity status, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), maximal oxygen uptake, fatigue index, and countermovement jump were collected. Results Significant differences were found between both PT and ML groups for maturational status, aerobic capacity, power performance, and IGF1 concentrations. The interaction of PT and ML revealed significant differences for maturity offset and power performance. When using the skeletal age as a covariant, the previously significant differences found were reduced only to the fatigue index measure. Conclusions The response variables analyzed in the present study seem to be influenced by PT and ML. This must be considered when planning training, and coaches must be sensible to these effects as they may assume a preponderant role in PT.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Measures as Predictive Indicators of Metabolic Risk in a Population of “Holy Week Costaleros”

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Robles-Romero ◽  
Eduardo Fernández-Ozcorta ◽  
Juan Gavala-González ◽  
Macarena Romero-Martín ◽  
Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Anaerobic Power ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Physical Preparation

Preventive measures are a priority in those groups that perform intense physical efforts without physical preparation and that can also be overweight or obese. One of the groups that reflect these characteristics is the costaleros of the Holy Week of Andalusia, Spain. This paper aims to describe the effect of obesity on blood pressure. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 101 costaleros. The anthropometric measures were determined through segmental impedance. Cardiac recovery and anaerobic power were measured through the Ruffier–Dickson test and the Abalakov test, respectively. Blood pressure was measured when the individuals were at rest. The Kruskal–Wallis test was applied for of continuous parameters and the X2 test for dichotomous measures. Binary logistic regression models were used for the subsequent analysis with R-square and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. The average population was 28 years of age, 173.7 cm tall, and 82.59 Kg weigh. The excess of body fat was 11.27 Kg and Body Mass Index was 27.33 Kg/m2. 72.3% showed abnormal blood pressure and 68.2% were overweight. 32.7% had a waist-hip ratio higher than 0.94. The probability of presenting abnormal blood pressure was higher among the subjects whose fat content was higher and muscle content was lower.

Multiple Sclerosis: Treadmill Versus Cycle Ergometry Maximal Exercise Test Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Garett Griffith ◽  
Badeia Saed ◽  
Tracy Baynard
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cycle Ergometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complete Test ◽  
Peak Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Predicted Values

ABSTRACT Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that impacts the central nervous system. MS generally results in decreased mobility and work capacity. Our objective was to determine exercise testing responses on both a treadmill and cycle ergometer among individuals with MS who were able to ambulate freely. Methods: Twenty-six individuals with MS participated in a cross-sectional study (44 ± 11 years; body mass index 26.8 ± 6.2 kg·m−2; expanded disability scale score 3.1 ± 0.9), with 24 individuals with complete test data for both treadmill and cycle ergometry tests. Peak aerobic capacity (VO2peak) for both treadmill and cycle ergometry tests were measured with indirect calorimetry. Results: Participants safely completed both treadmill and cycle ergometry tests, and treadmill testing yielded higher values (26.7 ± 6.4 mL·kg−1·min−1) compared with cycle ergometry (23.7 ± 5.7 mL·kg−1·min−1), with values ~12% greater for treadmill. When comparing tests to their respected predicted values within modality, treadmill tests were 8% lower and cycle ergometry tests were 10% lower than predicted. Conclusions: While peak aerobic capacity was very low for this population, treadmill tests were still higher than cycle ergometry data, with this difference between modes being similar to that observed in healthy adult populations. Additional research is required to determine if these findings are impacted by participation in physical activity or regular exercise.

scholarly journals Increased modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in patients with Takayasu arteritis: a multicenter cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Moura dos Santos ◽  
Rafael Giovani Misse ◽  
Isabela Bruna Pires Borges ◽  
Bruno Gualano ◽  
Alexandre Wagner Silva de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Equivalent ◽  
Handgrip Test

Abstract Background Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (MCRFs), such as those related to aerobic capacity, muscle strength, physical activity, and body composition, have been poorly studied in Takayasu arteritis (TAK). Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate MCRFs and their relationships with disease status and comorbidities among patients with TAK. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted between 2019 and 2020, in which 20 adult women with TAK were compared with 16 healthy controls matched by gender, age, and body mass index. The following parameters were analyzed: aerobic capacity by cardiopulmonary test; muscle function by timed-stands test, timed up-and-go test, and handgrip test; muscle strength by one-repetition maximum test and handgrip test; body composition by densitometry; physical activity and metabolic equivalent by IPAQ, quality of life by HAQ and SF-36; disease activity by ITAS2010 and NIH score; and presence of comorbidities. Results Patients with TAK had a mean age of 41.5 (38.0–46.3) years, disease duration of 16.0 (9.5–20.0) years, and a mean BMI of 27.7±4.5 kg/m2. Three out of the 20 patients with TAK had active disease. Regarding comorbidities, 16 patients had systemic arterial hypertension, 11 had dyslipidemia, and two had type 2 diabetes mellitus, while the control group had no comorbidities. TAK had a significant reduction in aerobic capacity (absolute and relative VO2 peak), muscle strength in the lower limbs, increased visceral adipose tissue, waist-to-hip ratio, reduced walking capacity, decreased weekly metabolic equivalent, and quality of life (P< 0.05) as compared to controls. However, there were no correlations between these MCRFs parameters and disease activity. Conclusions TAK show impairment in MCRFs; therefore, strategies able to improve MCRF should be considered in this disease.

scholarly journals Can Anthropometry and Body Composition Explain Physical Fitness Levels in School-Aged Children?

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Chih-Yu Hsu ◽  
Liang-Sien Chen ◽  
I-Jen Chang ◽  
Wei-Ching Fang ◽  
Sun-Weng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Aged Children

Physical fitness (PF) is closely related to various health outcomes and quality of life among children. However, the associations between anthropometry, body composition (BC), and PF are not fully elucidated. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between demographic metrics (age, sex), anthropometric measures (body mass index z-score (BMI z-score) waist/height ratio (WHtR)), BC parameters (body-fat percentage (BF%), muscle weight), and PF levels (800-m run, sit-and-reach, 1-min sit-ups, standing long jump) in school-aged children. Continuous variables were dichotomized by median splits. The results of 180 girls and 180 boys (mean age: 10.0 ± 0.7 years; mean BMI z-score: 0.366 ± 1.216) were analyzed. Multivariable linear regressions revealed that BF% (regression coefficient (B) = 3.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.5–4.3) was independently correlated with the 800-m run. Sex (B = 4.6, 95% CI = 3.0–6.3), age (B = 3.1, 95% CI = 1.9–4.3), and BMI z-score (B = −0.7, 95% CI = −1.4–−0.1) were independently related to sit-and-reach. Age (B = 3.3, 95% CI = 2.0–4.7), BF% (B = −0.3, 95% CI = −0.4–−0.2), and muscle weight (B = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.2–1.2) were independently associated with 1-min sit-ups. In addition to demography, anthropometry and BC provided additional information concerning some PF levels in school-aged children. Weight management and PF promotion should be addressed simultaneously in terms of preventive medicine and health promotion for children.

scholarly journals Which anthropometric measures best indicate type 2 diabetes among Russian, Somali and Kurdish origin migrants in Finland? A cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e019166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Skogberg ◽  
Tiina Laatikainen ◽  
Annamari Lundqvist ◽  
Eero Lilja ◽  
Tommi Härkänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional

Metabolic syndrome in people with a long-standing spinal cord injury: associations with physical activity and capacity

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1190-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja de Groot ◽  
Jacinthe J. Adriaansen ◽  
Marga Tepper ◽  
Govert J. Snoek ◽  
Lucas H.V. van der Woude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Peak Aerobic Capacity

This study investigated (i) the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in people with a long-standing spinal cord injury (SCI); (ii) whether personal or lesion characteristics are determinants of the MetS; and (iii) the association with physical activity or peak aerobic capacity on the MetS. In a cross-sectional study, persons with SCI (N = 223; time since injury of ≥10 years) were tested. The individual components of the MetS were assessed together with the physical activity measured by the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD), while peak aerobic capacity was tested during a graded wheelchair exercise test on a treadmill. Thirty-nine percent of the participants had MetS. In a multivariate logistic regression analyses and after performing a backward regression analysis, only age and education were significant determinants of the MetS. A 10-year increase in age leads to a 1.5 times more chance to have the MetS. Furthermore, people with a low education will multiply the relative risk of MetS compared with people with high education by almost 2. With and without correcting for confounders, no significant relationship was found between PASIPD or peak aerobic capacity and the MetS. It can be concluded that the prevalence of the MetS is high (39%) in people with a long-standing SCI but is comparable to the general Dutch population. Older people and those with a lower education level are most at risk for the MetS. Physical activity and peak aerobic fitness were not related to the MetS in this group with a long-standing SCI.

scholarly journals Obesity Management in Primary Health Care: Front-Line Providers’ Experiences and Views

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem Al-Saadi ◽  
Haya Malallah ◽  
Jameela Al-Saadi ◽  
Narjis ALsheala ◽  
Abdullah Al- Balushi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Obesity Management ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Participant

As in the rest of the world, obesity in Oman has increased and according to World Health Organization (WHO) data, prevalence of obesity in 2008 and 2016 were 20.9% and 27% respectively. This study explores primary care physicians’ current strategies and management of obesity, attitude and perceptions towards obesity, educational needs, and their views on long-term follow up. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted where practicing family medicine physicians from different governorates were invited to participate in an online questionnaire-based survey. Participant were invited via email and responses were kept anonymous. Responses were collected over three weeks in April 2019 and only responses that met inclusion criteria were analyzed with SPSS v22. Results: 77 complete responses met inclusion criteria and female were the majority (67.5%). Half of participants had less than 10 years of experience. Weight and BMI were recorded routinely by two-thirds of participants whereas waist- hip ratio was recorded by only 12%. Weight reduction medications were prescribed by 5.2% and 24% would refer an obese patient to Bariatric center. Main barrier to obesity management and referral was inadequate obesity specialist centers followed by short consultation times. The pathophysiology mechanism of obesity and related hormones was only known by 40.8%. Almost all participants agreed that formal obesity management training should be integrated as part of residency training. Conclusion: Despite the significant number of comorbidities related to obesity and its complications, weight, BMI and other anthropometric measures were not routinely performed. Nationally, the rate of referral to bariatric centers for evaluation is low. Boundaries and challenges do exist and need to be addressed. Obesity and weight management need to be integrated as part of Family Physicians Training Program.

scholarly journals Anthropometry, dietetic habits and sleepiness in Ecuadorian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Verónica Sandoval ◽  
María Vinueza ◽  
Carlos Palate ◽  
José Carpio ◽  
Yadira Morejón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
24 Hour Recall

The reduction of hours of sleep affects the physical and mental health of people. Having unhealthy sleep habits are associated with a greater occurrence of daytime sleepiness, which in turn has been related to poorer nutritional status. The objective of this study was to relate food intake, anthropometric measurements, and daytime sleepiness in Ecuadorian adults. Non-experimental, cross-sectional study, the sample included 400 men and women between 18 and 65 years of age, who attended an outpatient consultation of general medicine, family medicine, and traumatology services of a public hospital in Quito-Ecuador. Anthropometric and body composition measurements were measured using tetrapolar bio-impedance, following the recommendations of the International Society for the Advancement of Anthropometry (ISAK). Caloric intake was measured using a 24-hour recall and for daytime sleepiness (DS) the Epworth questionnaire was used. Statistical analyzes were performed using R. From the sample 56.5% presented DS, which affected women more frequently compared to men (p < 0.05). Differences were found between body measurements and dietary intake between groups of people with and without DS. Caloric intake, waist circumference, percentage of fat mass were higher in people with DS (p < 0.05), while muscle mass was higher in subjects without DS (p <0.05). No differences were found concerning visceral fat. We conclude that SD is related to less healthy values in terms of dietary intake and anthropometric measures.

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