Altitudinal differences in bud burst and onset and cessation of cambial activity of four subalpine tree species

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichi Takahashi ◽  
Shigeyuki Koike
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Bud Burst

CHEMICAL INDUCTION OF TRAUMATIC GUM DUCTS IN CHINESE SWEETGUM, LIQUIDAMBAR FORMOSANA

IAWA Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawen Zheng ◽  
Biao Pan ◽  
Takao Itohl
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Chemical Induction

The effect of ethephon (Et) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the induction of traumatic gum ducts (TGDs) was studied in Chinese sweetgum, Liquidambar formosana, a broad-leaved tree species. Lanolin pastes with concentrations of 1, 2 and 5% (w/w) of these chemicals were applied to the intact bark of the trees in May, July and September without any wounding. The trees did not show any response to the treatment of MeJA, but TGDs were formed in response to treatment with Et. Trees treated with Et in the active growing season (May) produced more rows of TGDs than those treated in July or September, suggesting a strong relationship between cambial activity and susceptibility to TGD induction. These results are discussed in comparison with responses of conifers and some angiosperms to MeJA and Et treatments with and without associated wounding reported in the literature.

Seasonal cambial activity of five tropical tree species in central Thailand

Trees ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathsuda Pumijumnong ◽  
Supaporn Buajan
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Tropical Tree Species ◽  
Central Thailand

Seasonal cambial activity and wood formation in trees and lianas of Leguminosae growing in the Atlantic Forest: a comparative study

Botany ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arno Fritz das Neves Brandes ◽  
Claudio Sergio Lisi ◽  
Leonardo Davi S.A.B. da Silva ◽  
Kishore S. Rajput ◽  
Cláudia Franca Barros
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Vascular Cambium ◽  
Growth Rings ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Annual Growth Rings ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods

Cambial activity and the formation of secondary xylem were investigated in the main stem of three arboreal leguminous species and one liana. To compare the seasonal vascular cambium behavior of these species, two methods were concurrently applied: induction of injury in the vascular cambium and anatomical analysis of the vascular cambium and adjacent zones (differentiation zone). One tree species, Pseudopiptadenia contorta (DC.) G.P.Lewis & M.P.Lima, was sampled in three forest formations: alluvial, submontane, and montane. Two more tree species, Apuleia leiocarpa (Vogel) J.F.Macbr. and Pseudopiptadenia leptostachya (Benth.) Rauschert, were sampled in submontane and montane forest, respectively. Dalbergia frutescens (Vell.) Britton var. frutescens, a liana, was sampled in montane forest. All species investigated showed distinctive formation of annual growth rings. Reactivation of the vascular cambium was observed at the end of spring, and it remained active during the summer. Thereafter, cambial activity either ceased or declined dramatically at the end of autumn. Similar to the tree species studied, cambial activity in D. frutescens var. frutescens showed similar seasonal cambial activity throughout the year. Based on both direct and indirect methods, our results showed that cambial activity and wood formation only occurred during the rainy season, suggesting the potential of these species for use in dendrochronological studies.

scholarly journals Variation in Onset of Leaf Unfolding and Wood Formation in a Central African Tropical Tree Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhely Angoboy Ilondea ◽  
Hans Beeckman ◽  
Joris Van Acker ◽  
Jan Van den Bulcke ◽  
Adeline Fayolle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Wood Formation ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Leaf Phenology ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Tropical Tree Species

A diversity of phenological strategies has been reported for tropical tree species. Defoliation and seasonal dormancy of cambial activity inform us on how trees cope with water stress during the dry season, or maximize the use of resources during the rainy season. Here, we study the matching between leaf phenology (unfolding and shedding) and cambial activity for Prioria balsamifera, a key timber species in the Democratic Republic of Congo. In particular, we (i) evaluated the seasonality of cambial activity and synchrony of phenology among trees in response to climate and (ii) identified the seasonality of leaf phenology and its relation with cambial phenology. The study was conducted in the Luki Man and Biosphere Reserve, located in the Mayombe forest at the southern margin of the Congo Basin. Historic defoliation data were collected every ten days using weekly crown observations whereas recent observations involved time-lapse cameras. Cambial pinning was performed on ten trees during 20 months and radius dendrometers were installed on three trees during 13 months. Tree rings were measured on cores from 13 trees and growth synchrony was evaluated. We found that P. balsamifera defoliates annually with a peak observed at the end of the dry season and the beginning of the rainy season. The new leaves unfolded shortly after shedding of the old leaves. The peak defoliation dates varied across years from September 12 to November 14 and the fraction of number of trees that defoliated at a given time was found to be negatively correlated with annual rainfall and temperature; during the dry season, when precipitation and temperatures are the lowest. Wood formation (radial growth), was found to be highly seasonal, with cambial dormancy occurring during the dry season and growth starting at the beginning of the rainy season. Individual ring-width series did not cross date well. The within species variability of leaf phenology and cambial rhythms provides indication about resistance of the population against climatic changes.

scholarly journals Blue light advances bud burst in branches of three deciduous tree species under short-day conditions

Trees ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 1157-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig C. Brelsford ◽  
T. Matthew Robson
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Short Day

scholarly journals Morphophysiological Behavior and Cambial Activity in Seedlings of Two Amazonian Tree Species under Shade

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Monyck Jeane dos Santos Lopes ◽  
Moacyr Bernardino Dias-Filho ◽  
Marco Antônio Menezes Neto ◽  
Eniel David Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Morphological Attributes ◽  
Schizolobium Parahyba ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

Variations in light intensity can lead to important anatomical and morphophysiological changes in plants. Aiming to increase knowledge about the Amazonian tree species, this study examines the influence of shade on the cambial activity and development of Parkia gigantocarpa Ducke and Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum (Huber ex Ducke) Barneby seedlings. Seedlings of the two species were grown in a nursery under four shade intensities (treatments): full sun, low, moderate, and high shade (resp., 0%, 23%, 67%, and 73% of shade, or 2000, 1540, 660, and 540 µmol·m−2·s−1) obtained with polyethylene screens. We measured plant height, stem diameter, biomass production, stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), photosynthesis (A), and cambial activity (CA) (xylem, cambium, and phloem). Also, we calculated the Dickson Quality Index (DQI). The highest values of biomass production, gs,  E, A, and DQI, were found under full sun, in P. gigantocarpa, and under low shade intensity in S. parahyba. In both species high shade intensity reduced CA. We concluded that the CA and the physiological and morphological attributes work together, explaining the radial growth and increasing seedlings quality, which optimized efficient seedling production under full sun, in P. gigantocarpa, and under low shade intensity in S. parahyba.

A field experiment to determine the effect of dry-season precipitation on annual ring formation and leaf phenology in a seasonally dry tropical forest

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Hayden ◽  
D. F. Greene ◽  
M. Quesada
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
False Rings ◽  
Irrigation Intensity

Abstract:Trees growing in a seasonally tropical dry forest, with its characteristic 5–7-mo rainless interval, possess a variety of physiological adaptations to drought, the most common being leaf abscission. At the Estacion Biologia de Chamela in western Mexico, we experimentally examined the relationship between one-time experimental irrigation ranging as 0 (control) to 200 mm, and (1) the degree of bud burst (and, for a single species, flowering), and (2) the formation of a false ring. Additionally, we used long-term records at a nearby meteorological station to determine the probability of a rain event exceeding a particular intensity (mm). For our seven species (particularly the two most common species: Cordia alliodora and Piptadenia constricta), we found that the degree of budburst and leaf extension was a function of irrigation intensity. In no case, however, did we find false rings, or indeed any indication of cambial activity initiated by the irrigation event. Further, there was no effect of intensity on subsequent relative growth rate in the following wet season. While sufficient rainfall (200 mm) to cause full leaf deployment is rare, nonetheless we estimate that a canopy tree in the study area would experience an event of this magnitude at least a few times per century. In any case, it will have no effect on the reliability of annual rings in this biome, nor any effect on diameter growth in (at least) the following year.

scholarly journals Variability of Phenological Behaviours of Wild Fruit Tree Species Based on Discriminant Analysis

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Sina Cosmulescu ◽  
Dragoș Ștefănescu ◽  
Ana-Maria Stoenescu
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Bud Burst ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Wild Fruit ◽  
Full Flowering

Vegetation phenology is considered an important biological indicator in understanding the behaviour of ecosystems and how it responds to environmental cues. The aim of this paper is to provide information on the variability of phenological behaviours based on discriminant analysis using the R software package with the following libraries: ggplot2, heplots, candisc, MASS, car, and klaR. Three phenological phases were analysed with eight wild fruit tree species from a forest ecosystem in the southwestern part of Romania (44°05′19.5” N 23°54′03.5” E). It was found that there is a large and very large variability for the “bud burst” phenophase, medium and low for “full flowering”, and reduced for the “all petals fallen” phenophase. For the analyzed data, the discriminant analysis model has high accuracy (accuracy: 0.9583; 95% CI: (0.7888, 0.9989). Partition plots show the results of “full flowering” and “all petals fallen” as a function of the “bud burst” of pockmarks when separated into eight clusters and eight clusters of “full flowering” as a function of “all petals fallen”. The differences observed, from a phenological point of view, are not only due to the different cold requirements of these species but also to the temperatures during the spring.

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