Spatial distribution of multielements including lanthanides in sediments of Iron Gate I Reservoir in the Danube River

AbstractRecent studies show that lanthanides (Ln) are becoming emerging pollutants due to their wide application in new technologies, but their environmental fate, transport, and possible accumulation are still relatively unknown. This study aims to determine major and trace elements including Ln in the Danube River sediment which either belong or close to the Iron Gate Reservoir. The Iron Gate Reservoir is characterized by accumulation of sediments as an effect of building hydropower dam Iron Gate I. The surface sediments were collected on the Danube River—1141 to 864 km and three tributaries along this waterway. Two samples of deep sediments were used for comparison. The results indicate the significant upward enrichment of Zn, Sb, Cr, Nd, and Dy in sediments belongs to the Iron Gate Reservoir. The sample 4-Smed is labelled as a hot spot of contamination with Zn, Cr, As, Sb, Nd, and Dy. Also, a trend of increasing concentration in the time period from 1995 to 2016 was found for elements Zn, Cr, and Ni in sediment samples in the Iron Gate Reservoir. Chemometric analysis shows the grouping of sample sites into clusters characterized by the following properties: (i) increased concentration of all measured elements (samples within the Iron Gate Reservoir); (ii) increased Cu concentration (11-Pek); and (iii) lower concentrations of the measured elements (deep sediments). The data presented hereby contribute to the monitoring of pollution of the River Danube sediments and give the first view of Ln profile in the studied sediments.

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Spatial Distribution of multielements including technology critical elements in sediments of the Danube River

10.21203/rs.3.rs-62318/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Otilia Ana Culicov ◽

Tatjana Trtic-Petrovic ◽

Roman Balvanović ◽

Anđelka Petković ◽

Slavica Ražić

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Surface Sediments ◽

New Technologies ◽

Analytical Data ◽

Danube River ◽

The Danube River ◽

Critical Elements ◽

Iron Gate ◽

Hydropower Dam ◽

Two Samples

Abstract Background The pollution of the second-longest European river (the river Danube) has been under monitoring and focused on various contaminants including metals/metalloids (Hg, As, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Cd), personal care products, technical additives, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, etc. Recent studies show that technology critical elements (TCE) – elements with a high supply risk and economic importance – are becoming emerging pollutants due to their wide application in new technologies. According to the European Union Water Framework Directive, sediments are one of the three major sources of river pollution. This study aims to determine major and trace elements including some TCEs in the Danube River sediment. The concentrations of the targeted elements in the surface sediments were discussed in the sense of the effect of building hydropower dam Iron Gate I and increasing the quantity of sediments in the Iron Gate gorge. Results The surface sediments were collected on the Danube River-km 1141 to 864 and three tributaries along this waterway. Two samples of deep sediments were used for comparison. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis was applied for quantification of 36 elements, with special attention to selected TCE belonging to lanthanides (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Tm, and Yb). Spatial distribution is discussed (i) in the total pool of all analyzed elements and (ii) only lanthanides. For better understanding and to highlight a hidden relationship between targeted elements, multivariate statistical techniques (cluster analysis and principal component analysis) were applied to analyze the analytical data and to identify possible pollution sources. The obtained results of the targeted elements in the surface sediments were discussed in relation to the influence of hydropower dam Iron Gates I and the increasing quantity of sediments. Conclusion Overall results show increasing concentration of almost all investigated elements in the surface sediments from the Danube River-km 1112 to the dam. Sediment od the River Pek was separated as a location with extreme anthropogenic influence due to close vicinity of the copper mining site.

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High-resolution dataset assessing methane concentrations and modelling the carbon dynamics within Europe's second largest delta, the Danube River Delta

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-9248 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Anna Canning ◽

Arne Körtzinger

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽

Hot Spot ◽

River Delta ◽

Danube River ◽

The Black Sea ◽

Small Scale ◽

Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽

Diel Variation ◽

The Danube River

Wetlands are known to be significant sources for CH4, yet vary between potential sources and sinks for CO2. However, in regards to the budgets and processes, they are still considered to have high uncertainties, inconsistencies and a general lack of data overall. One key wetland region in Europe is the Danube River Delta. It is the second largest delta in Europe, consisting of the vastest compact reed bed zone in the world, intertwined with rivers, lakes and channels. It is sourced with water from a drainage basin of 817,000 km2, with the Danube River originating in Germany before travelling 2,857 km to the Black Sea. However, considering the potential pollution effects within this terminal zone, as well as the delta being one of the most important wetlands in Europe for its ecological value alone (and therefore fragile), few studies have focused on the dynamics within the carbon cycle. During 2017, three field campaigns across three seasons measured high resolution, small-scale spatial and temporal variability for pCO2, CH4, O2 and ancillary parameters within the lakes, rivers and channels with the use of a surface water flow-through package. Given the flexibility of the system, we were able to conduct day-night cycles and extensive mapping transects. We discovered day-night cycles showing significant variation of CH4 concentrations within the lakes and channels, as well &#8216;hot spot&#8217; anomalies showing potential ground water sourcing and extreme CH4 concentrations flowing in from the reed beds. Although reasoning for supersaturation in surface waters are under continuous debate, we conclude a potential reason for such dynamic diel variation within the lake may be due to biomass decomposition and extensive macrophyte concentrations creating a temporarily anoxic zone during the day with mixing during the night, such as previously suggested. On top of this, with the use of discrete data collected from the same water source simultaneously, we were able to model alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon and pH to examine both 24 h cycles across lakes and day-night dynamics, giving an in-depth glimpse into the carbonate system. Through the extensive mapping, we successful extracted diel variations for pCO2 and the carbonate species across the lakes with the use of just day-light data, allowing for spatial and temporal variations to be distinguished. We confirm the boundaries between channels and lakes are intertwined as much as they are with the wetlands, and how small extreme anomalies can only begin to be explained with such high-resolution data, even more so in combination with modelled data.

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Emerging contaminants in sediment core from the Iron Gate I Reservoir on the Danube River

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.205 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 662 ◽

pp. 77-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ivana Matić Bujagić ◽

Svetlana Grujić ◽

Mila Laušević ◽

Thilo Hofmann ◽

Vesna Micić

Keyword(s):

Sediment Core ◽

Emerging Contaminants ◽

Danube River ◽

The Danube River ◽

Iron Gate

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Retention of Sediments and Nutrients in the Iron Gate I Reservoir on the Danube River

Biogeochemistry ◽

10.1007/s10533-005-0230-6 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 539-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Cristian Teodoru ◽

Bernhard Wehrli

Keyword(s):

Danube River ◽

The Danube River ◽

Iron Gate

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Macroinvertebrates along the Serbian section of the Danube River (stream km 1429–925)

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-007-0032-5 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Momir Paunovic ◽

Dunja Jakovcev-Todorovic ◽

Vladica Simic ◽

Bojana Stojanovic ◽

Predrag Cakic

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Correspondence Analysis ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Danube River ◽

Qualitative Composition ◽

Aquatic Macroinvertebrate ◽

The Danube River ◽

Iron Gate ◽

Species Richness And Abundance ◽

Macroinvertebrate Fauna

AbstractResults of the investigation of the aquatic macroinvertebrate fauna along a 504 km stretch of the Danube River in Serbia are presented. A total of 74 macroinvertebrate taxa were observed during a 2001 survey. Oligochaeta and Mollusca were the principal components of the community with regard to species richness and abundance. Based on data on the qualitative composition of the macroinvertebrate fauna, a correspondence analysis divided the investigated stretch in three sectors — upper (Pannonian), Iron Gate sector and entrance sector to the Iron Gate stretch. The distribution patterns of certain species supported the division of sectors defined by correspondence analysis.

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THE IRON GATE PROJECT ON THE DANUBE RIVER

The Professional Geographer ◽

10.1111/j.0033-0124.1964.00045.x ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 45-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

George W. Hoffman

Keyword(s):

Danube River ◽

The Danube River ◽

Iron Gate

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Results of investigating the macroinvertebrate community of the Danube River on the sector upstream from the Iron Gate (km 1083-1071)

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs0501057p ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 57-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Momir Paunovic ◽

Vladica Simic ◽

Dunja Jakovcev-Todorovic ◽

Bojana Stojanovic

Keyword(s):

Principal Components ◽

Habitat Diversity ◽

Aquatic Macroinvertebrates ◽

Macroinvertebrate Community ◽

Danube River ◽

Faunal Composition ◽

The Danube River ◽

Iron Gate ◽

The Given

The present work cites results of investigating aquatic macroinvertebrates of the Danube River on the sector upstream from the Iron Gate (KM 1083-1071). The investigated part is interesting from the hydrobiological standpoint above all due to differences of faunal composition in relation to higher sections that could be expected in view of differences in overall characteristics of the river. A rich macroinvertebrate community (84 taxa) was observed. The diversity of taxa is primarily a result of habitat diversity within the given stretch. Oligochaeta and Mollusca were the principal components.

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Biogenic silica accumulation in the sediments of Iron Gate I Reservoir on the Danube River

Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1007/s00027-006-0822-9 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 469-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Cristian Teodoru ◽

Aristidis Dimopoulos ◽

Bernhard Wehrli

Keyword(s):

Biogenic Silica ◽

Danube River ◽

The Danube River ◽

Iron Gate

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Reproducibility of age determination by scale and vertebra in pontic shad (Alosa pontica Eichwald, 1838), from the Danube

Archives of Biological Sciences ◽

10.2298/abs0902337v ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 337-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Zeljka Visnjic-Jeftic ◽

Mirjana Lenhardt ◽

I. Navodaru ◽

A. Hegedis ◽

Z. Gacic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Age Determination ◽

Danube River ◽

Experienced Reader ◽

Percent Error ◽

The Danube River ◽

Iron Gate

Specimens of Pontic shad (Alosa pontica Eichwald, 1838) were collected during April and May of 2006 in the Danube River (rkm 863) just downstream of the Iron Gate (Djerdap) II dam. Twenty-eight scales and 30 vertebrae were prepared and given to five interpreters with fish aging experience of from 3 to 30 years and with shad aging experience of from 0 to 12 years. Interpreters with experience in shad age determination showed lower values for the index of average percent error (IAPE) and an index of coefficient of variation (ICV). In regard to within-interpreter reproducibility, no significant differences were found between scale and vertebrae as structure for age determination. The most experienced reader showed the lowest value for IAPE, while the least experienced reader showed the highest value for IAPE. The results of this work indicate that experience in age determination by particular structure had more impact on age determination precision than specificity of structure, scale or vertebra. More work is needed on adopting standard protocols that must include some sort of common interaction between responsible age readers.

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