Soil accumulation and chemical fractions of Cu in a large and long-term coastal apple orchard, North China

The effects of long-term incorporation of organic manure and biofertilizers have been investigated on winter wheat in the North China Plain (NCP). The five-year field experiment (2013–2018) has illustrated the responses of grain yield and yield components. Seven fertilization approaches, included pig farm-yard-manure and biofertilizers amendments combined with five NPK% drop levels of chemical fertilizer ratio + organic fertilizer + biofertilizer (0, C+O+B) 25%, CL4; 50%, CL3; 75%, CL1; and 100%, CL0), without fertilizer as control (CK), in NCP during the years 2013–2018. Results showed that the grain yields of CL1 and CL2 were equivalent to CL0 in all growing seasons except 2014/2015. The grain yields of CL4 were 29.9% to 46.6% lower than that of CL0 during 2014/2015, 2016/2017, and 2017/2018. The valuable spike-number, grain number per-spike, and 1000-grain weight showed significant variations among different growing periods. Regression analysis of grain yield and yield components indicated that number grains per-spike showed significant increase in seed yield formation. The 1000-grain weight was the major parameter that influenced yield of moderate and low yielding periods, respectively. The results revealed that application of 30 m3 ha−1 pig farm-yard-manure and 20 kg ha−1 biofertilizers has reduced at least 50% of the NPK fertilization without dropping grain yields in the North China Plain.

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Long-Term Effect of Manure and Mineral Fertilizer Application Rate on Maize Yield and Accumulated Nutrients Use Efficiencies in North China Plain

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10091329 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1329

Author(s):

Fan Fan ◽

Hongyan Zhang ◽

Gabriela Alandia ◽

Laichao Luo ◽

Zhenling Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

North China Plain ◽

North China ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Organic Manure ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Available N ◽

Fertilizer Application Rate ◽

Maize Yields

Overuse of mineral fertilizer has become common at the North China Plain. Simultaneously, more organic manure resources are available for smallholder farmers. In order to increase the use of organic manure and reduce mineral fertilizer applications, a 10-year fertilization experiment with maize took place between 2008 and 2017. We assessed the long-term effects of cattle manure (CM) application and a complete nutrient substitution with mineral fertilizer (MF) at four application levels (3, 6, 9 and 12 t ha−1 CM) on yield, macronutrients (N, P and K) use efficiencies and soil conditions. Results showed that maize yields from CM and MF treatments differed across time and were significantly different in the first year of the experiment to no significant differences with increasing experimental time. In addition, increased MF levels did not result in increased maize yields; this response was different with CM applications. The highest 10-year maize average yield was 7.7 t ha−1 obtained with 9 t ha−1 of CM. Our results also showed that at the lowest application level (3 t ha−1 CM), the partial factor productivity (PFP) and the agronomic efficiency (AE) of all macronutrients were significantly higher with MF than with CM applications. Nevertheless, these differences narrowed with increased fertilizer input levels. The MF and CM recovery efficiency (RE) of N, P and K performed differently. Generally, MF exhibited significantly higher N-RE than CM treatments. CM treatments had significantly higher P-RE, but no K-RE differences were found between CM and MF. Soil available N, P and K significantly increased when fertilizer levels raised. MF treatments exhibited similar levels of soil available N, but lower soil available P and K compared with CM treatments.

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Assessing groundwater availability and the response of the groundwater system to intensive exploitation in the North China Plain by analysis of long-term isotopic tracer data

Hydrogeology Journal ◽

10.1007/s10040-018-1761-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1401-1415 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Chen Su ◽

Zhongshuang Cheng ◽

Wen Wei ◽

Zongyu Chen

Keyword(s):

North China Plain ◽

North China ◽

Groundwater System ◽

Isotopic Tracer ◽

Groundwater Availability ◽

The North ◽

The North China Plain ◽

Intensive Exploitation

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Chemical Fractions of Zinc and Their Contribution toward Its Availability under Long-Term Integrated Nutrient Management in Rice–Wheat Sequence in an Acidic Alfisol

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2014.956935 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (22) ◽

pp. 2898-2910

Author(s):

Upinder Sharma ◽

S. K. Subehia

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Management ◽

Integrated Nutrient Management ◽

Chemical Fractions

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Long‐Term Earthquake Hazard in North China Estimated from a Modern Catalog

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America ◽

10.1785/0120190066 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 109 (6) ◽

pp. 2340-2355 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ziyao Xiong ◽

Jiancang Zhuang ◽

Shiyong Zhou

Keyword(s):

Bayesian Method ◽

North China ◽

Voronoi Tessellation ◽

Earthquake Hazard ◽

B Value ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Earthquake Catalog ◽

Function Estimation ◽

Simulation Experiments

Abstract In this study, to obtain optimal estimates of the earthquake hazard in North China based on the modern earthquake catalog, we used two variable kernel function estimation methods, proposed by Stock and Smith, and Zhuang, the Bayesian Delaunay tessellation smoothing method by Ogata (ODTB), and a newly proposed incomplete centroidal Voronoi tessellation (ICVT) method, to calculate the total and background seismic spatial occurrence rates for the study area. The sophisticated ODTB method is more stable than the others, but is relatively expensive, in terms of computation demands, whereas Zhuang et al.’s kernel estimate and the new ICVT method are able to provide reasonable estimates and easier to implement. We also calculated the spatial variations of the b‐value, using the Bayesian method with smoothness prior proposed by Ogata. Using comparative analyses and simulation experiments, we show that all of the methods give similar spatial patterns of seismic occurrences.

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