Psychopathological Consequences Related to Problematic Instagram Use Among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Body Image Dissatisfaction and Moderating Role of Gender

AbstractIn a minority of cases, problematic use of technology can negatively impact on adolescents and impair some aspects of their social, emotional, and psychological development. The purpose of the present study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of problematic Instagram use (PIU) on different psychopathological outcomes including loneliness, depression, anxiety, and social anxiety via body image dissatisfaction (BID). Additionally, moderating role of gender on the relationships among variables was investigated. A total of 491 adolescents (Mage = 15.92 years, SDage = 1.07; range = 14 to 19 years) were recruited for the study to complete a questionnaire that included the relevant assessment tools for the aforementioned variables. Mediation and moderation analyses showed that among male adolescents, PIU was directly associated with loneliness, depression, general anxiety, and social anxiety and BID partially mediated these associations. Among females, PIU was directly associated with depression and indirectly with general anxiety and social anxiety via BID. Gender significantly moderated the direct relationships of PIU with loneliness, general anxiety, and social anxiety. PIU was directly associated with loneliness, general anxiety, and social anxiety among males only, whereas among females, PIU was indirectly associated with general and social anxiety via BID but was not related to loneliness. Results of this study indicate that PIU has different negative psychological effects on male and female adolescents and that BID appears to be one explanatory factor for these impairments especially among females.

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Analysis of the Role of Moderating Socio-Cultural Pressure for Weight Loss and Physical Changes in Obese and Normal Weight Adolescents

Physical education sport and health culture in modern society ◽

10.29038/2220-7481-2020-01-107-115 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 107-115

Author(s):

Seyed Mohammad Hossein Hosseini Ravesh

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Body Image ◽

Social Anxiety ◽

Social Pressure ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Physical Change ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Moderating Role ◽

Image Problems

Topicality. Obesity is a global epidemic. Obesity is on the rise in developing countries due to changes in lifestyle. The Aim of the Research.This study aimed to compare body image problems and social-physical anxiety in obese and normal-weight adolescents by examining the moderating role of cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change. Method. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 70 adolescents obese and 72 adolescent girls with normal weight were selected through one-stage cluster sampling from high school students in Mashhad. Data collection and measurement tools included: high-sensitivity portable digital scales, Multidimensional Self-Relationships Questionnaire, Physical Social Anxiety Questionnaire, and Cultural Social Pressure Questionnaire. The groups were matched for education, gender, and age. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. The Results of the Research. Results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference in body image and physical and social anxiety between obese adolescents and normal weight adolescents. The results also showed that high cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change has a significant role in increasing physical social anxiety. But it does not have a moderating role in the extent of body image problems and physical social anxiety. Obesity and high cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change are important factors in increasing body image problems and physical and social anxiety. But cultural social pressure does not mitigate the role of obesity in increasing or decreasing body image problems and physical social anxiety. Conclusions. Therefore, it can be concluded that body image problems in obese individuals are more influenced by their body mass and not by the socio-cultural pressure for weight loss and body change.

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Media Influences on Body Image Dissatisfaction: the Moderating Role of Collectivism vs. Individualism

Journal of Student Research ◽

10.47611/jsr.v4i2.254 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 73-87

Author(s):

Yu Du

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

Thin Ideal ◽

Media Effect ◽

Body Dimension ◽

University Of Texas ◽

Women's Body Image ◽

Moderating Role

Body image is a multidimensional construct that reflects attitudes and perceptions about an individual’s physical appearance under the cultural norms and ideals rather than on actual body dimension. Previous research argues that body image problems are linked to many potentially harmful behaviors and mental illnesses, such as obsessive exercise, low self-esteem, substance abuse and eating disorders. Early study primarily focuses on analyzing and comparing body image dissatisfaction of women in particular countries. However, cross-cultural studies need to move on from simply comparing the absolute levels to investigating the relationships between several variables. It is still unclear about the influences of specific cultures, namely collectivism vs. individualism, on both thin-ideal media effect and body image dissatisfaction. There is no integrated research analyzing how various levels of acculturation and different cultures interact, thus further influencing women’s body image dissatisfaction. The underlying psychological mechanisms that resulted from acculturation are still less explored. Current study hypothesized that thin-ideal media exposure increases women’s body image dissatisfaction. Additionally, thin-ideal media and cultures were predicted to interact. Collectivist group with high acculturation differed from the collectivist group with low acculturation and fell close to the individualist group in body image dissatisfaction. Thus, researcher predicted that thin-ideal media effects on body image dissatisfaction were stronger for females in collectivist group with low acculturation than for the other two culture groups. In general, women living in the collectivistic societies would report more body image dissatisfaction than those living in the individualistic societies. This study used a 3 x 2 x 2 mixed design to examine the moderating role of collectivism vs. individualism on media influences on body image dissatisfaction among 133 female college students, aged from 18 to 23 years old, attending the University of Texas at Austin. The results indicated that thin-ideal media significantly increased women’s body image dissatisfaction, whereas healthy media decreased women’s body image dissatisfaction. In general, women living in the collectivistic society reported more body image dissatisfaction than women living in the individualistic society. Contrary to the prediction, body image dissatisfaction of women in the collectivistic group with high acculturation did not differ from those in the collectivistic group with low acculturation. Therefore, the moderating role of acculturation was not found.

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The Impact of Salesperson Look-Brand Personality Congruence on Brand Affect : The Moderating Role of Social Anxiety

ASIA MARKETING JOURNAL ◽

10.15830/amj.2018.20.3.17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 17-38

Author(s):

Heekyung Lee ◽

Youjae Yi

Keyword(s):

Social Anxiety ◽

Brand Personality ◽

Brand Personality Congruence ◽

Brand Affect ◽

The Impact ◽

Moderating Role

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Food cue exposure and body image satisfaction: The moderating role of BMI and dietary restraint

Body Image ◽

10.1016/j.bodyim.2008.08.005 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 14-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Anne-Kathrin Fett ◽

Paul Lattimore ◽

Anne Roefs ◽

Nicole Geschwind ◽

Anita Jansen

Keyword(s):

Body Image ◽

Dietary Restraint ◽

Cue Exposure ◽

Body Image Satisfaction ◽

Moderating Role

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Social anxiety symptoms and body image dissatisfaction in medical students: prevalence and correlates

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/0047-2085000000187 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 65-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jacqueline M. Oliveira Regis ◽

Ana Teresa A. Ramos-Cerqueira ◽

Maria Cristina P. Lima ◽

Albina R. Torres

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Body Image ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Medical Students ◽

Social Anxiety ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

Female Sex ◽

Making Friends

ABSTRACT Objective Social anxiety disorder (SAD) and body image dissatisfaction (BID) are common problems among college students, but few studies focused on medical students. We aimed to estimate the prevalence, severity and correlates of SAD symptoms and BID among medical students of a Brazilian public university. Methods A cross-sectional study with 479 students, using structured instruments: Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Bivariate analyses were followed by logistic regression models to obtain independent predictors of SAD symptoms, BID and both outcomes combined. Results Most students were single (99%) and female (58.7%). The prevalence rates of SAD symptoms (SPIN ≥ 19) and BID (BSQ ≥ 81) were 36.3% and 34.7%, respectively. Depressive symptoms (BDI ≥ 19) occurred in 8.8% of the sample. SAD symptoms were independently associated with: BID, thoughts of abandoning the course, difficulty making friends, depressive symptoms, and mental health treatment prior to university. Besides SAD symptoms, BID was associated with female sex, difficulty making friends, depressive symptoms, and body mass index (BMI). Seventy-eight students (16.3%) presented SAD symptoms and BID, which was associated with female sex, difficulty making friends, dissatisfaction with the course, depressive symptoms and BMI. Conclusion SAD symptoms and BID are common and related problems that should be screened for among medical students. The identification of specific correlates could contribute to the elaboration of preventive measures, minimizing the distress and negative impact of these mental health problems on relationships and academic performance.

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