scholarly journals Importance of anions in electrodeposition of nickel from gluconate solutions

Ionics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Chat-Wilk ◽  
Ewa Rudnik ◽  
Grzegorz Włoch ◽  
Piotr Osuch
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Sulfate ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Chloride Complex ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Nickel Deposition ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Nickel Cation ◽  
Electrodeposition Of Nickel ◽  
Sulfate Complexes

AbstractElectrodeposition of nickel from slightly acidic gluconate solutions containing chloride or/and sulfate ions was investigated. Electrochemical measurements correlated with bath speciations showed nickel chloride complex and nickel sulfate complexes as crucial species affecting cathodic reactions in a potential range up to −1.3V. At more negative potentials, nickel deposition was governed by a release of nickel cation from nickel-gluconate complex. This was further evidenced by differences in nucleation modes, morphology, and structure of the deposits. Wettability of as-plated and chemically modified nickel layers were determined and correlated with their morphology and corrosion resistance.

scholarly journals Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption of o-Nitroaniline on Nickel Nanoparticles Synthesized by Electrochemical Deposition

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yufang Niu ◽  
Jie Yao ◽  
Keyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Nickel Nanoparticles ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Glass Plate ◽  
Nickel Sulfate ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Surface Enhanced

Nickel nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited on indium-tin oxide (ITO) coated glass plate in a modified Watt’s electrolyte. The surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) effect of the nanoparticles was evaluated by attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) using o-nitroaniline as a probe molecule. Electrodeposition parameters such as deposition time, pH value, and the type of surfactants were investigated. The morphology and the microstructure of the deposits were characterized by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and the atomic force microscope (AFM), respectively. The results indicate that the optimum parameters were potential of 1.3 V, time of 30 s, and pH of 8.92 in the solution of 0.3756 mol/L diethanolamine, 0.1 mol/L nickel sulfate, 0.01 mol/L nickel chloride, and 0.05 mol/L boric acid. The FESEM observation shows that the morphology of nickel nanoparticles with best enhancement effect is spherical and narrowly distributed particles with the average size of 50 nm. SEIRA enhancement factor is about 68.

scholarly journals Forming sulfate- and REE-rich fluids in the presence of quartz

Geology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Cui ◽  
Richen Zhong ◽  
Yuling Xie ◽  
Xueyin Yuan ◽  
Weihua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth Element ◽  
Hydrothermal Systems ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Dissolution Behavior ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Retrograde Solubility ◽  
Sulfate Salts ◽  
Water Saturated ◽  
Sulfate Melt ◽  
Sulfate Complexes

Abstract The presence of sulfate-rich fluids in natural magmatic hydrothermal systems and some carbonatite-related rare earth element (REE) deposits is paradoxical, because sulfate salts are known for their retrograde solubility, implying that they should be insoluble in high-temperature geofluids. Here, we show that the presence of quartz can significantly change the dissolution behavior of Na2SO4, leading to the formation of extremely sulfate-rich fluids (at least 42.8 wt% Na2SO4) at temperatures >∼330 °C. The elevated Na2SO4 solubility results from prograde dissolution of immiscible sulfate melt, the water-saturated solidus of which decreases from ≥∼450 °C in the binary Na2SO4-H2O system to ∼270 °C in the presence of silica. This implies that sulfate-rich fluids should be common in quartz-saturated crustal environments. Furthermore, we found that the sulfate-rich fluid is a highly effective medium for Nd mobilization. Thermodynamic modeling predicts that sulfate ions are more effective in complexing REE(III) than chloride ions. This reinforces the idea that REEs can be transported as sulfate complexes in sulfate-rich fluids, providing an alternative to the current REE transport paradigm, wherein chloride complexing accounts for REE solubility in ore fluids.

Effect of Saccharin Addition on the Electrodeposition of Nickel from a Watts-Type Electrolyte

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 911-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wei Li ◽  
Xiao Xi Huang ◽  
Jin Huan Yao ◽  
Xing Shen Deng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Tensile Stress ◽  
Cathodic Polarization ◽  
Cathodic Current ◽  
Nickel Deposition ◽  
Plating Bath ◽  
Nickel Electrodeposition ◽  
Cathodic Current Efficiency ◽  
Electrodeposition Of Nickel ◽  
Type Electrolyte

The influence of saccharin addition on cathodic polarization, cathodic current efficiency, hardness, surface morphology, and internal stress of nickel electrodeposition from a Watts-type plating bath was studied in this work. The results show that the addition of saccharin may enhance the cathodic polarization, modify the surface morphology, increase the hardness, and decrease the tensile stress. In particular, when the concentration of saccharin is 0.4 g/L, the surface of nickel deposition is smoothest. When the concentration of saccharin is 0.05 g/L, the hardness of nickel deposition is highest.

scholarly journals Enhancement Surface Coating Stainless Steel And Copper Using Ultrasonic Batch

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 02051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sendie Yuliarto Margen ◽  
S Sulistyo ◽  
Sri Nugroho ◽  
Yoga Setiawan Adi Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Nickel Sulfate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Cost Effective Technique

Electrodeposition is considered an easy and cost effective technique for the manufacture of alloy layers. Various properties for coatings can be achieved by selecting various electrodeposition parameters. These materials have the advantage of corrosion resistance but relatively expensive. They will need alternative materials that can easily obtained and replace these materials. This paper discusses the process of coating stainless steel AISI 304 and copper with Ni. Electric current and coating time is used in the electroplating coating process of Ni to Ni thickness supported by ultrasonic batch. AISI 304 stainless steel and copper coated using nickel (Ni) with variable time and fixed electric current parameters. The electric current used 1.5 ampere, the time of plating process of 60 seconds, 120 seconds, and 180 seconds. The composition of nickel electrolyte solutions using nickel sulfate 300 gr/L, nickel chloride 30 gr/L, and sour borax 30 gr/L with brighteners added one (I) 15 mL and brighteners two (II) 1 mL. Measurement of thickness is done by using optical microscope assisted by imageraster software. The best process used 1.5 amperes of electric current and time of 180 seconds. The value of copper thickness is 26.50 (μm) using ultrasonic batch.

Electroless Deposition of Nickel on the Surface of Silicon Carbide Crucible from Alkaline Bath

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 2049-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fa Xin Xiao ◽  
Xiao Ni Shen ◽  
Jing Pei Xie ◽  
Di Xin Yang ◽  
Feng Zhang Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Nickel Sulfate ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Sodium Hypophosphite ◽  
Lauryl Sulfate ◽  
Peak Current Density ◽  
Nickel Deposition ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Alkaline Bath

This work aims to eliminate contamination of the surface of crucible with silicon carbide during fusion preparation sample of the X-ray fluorescence analysis used in relation to electroless Ni–P plating process on the surface of SiC crucible in the alkaline bath. The structure, morphology and component of the coated layers were clarified by means of XRD, SEM and EDAX. Also, the electrochemical measurements was carried out to characterize the reduction mechanism of Ni deposition. The bath compositions were nickel sulfate 20 g/L, sodium hypophosphite 30 g/L, sodium citrate 10 g/L，ammonium chloride 20 g/L, containing a mixed additives of thiourea, sodium lauryl sulfate and coumarin. The thickness of coating was 3.47 μm after plating for 15 min from this bath at 318 K. The coating is relatively dense and smooth and has a nodular surface morphology. The uniform Ni–P film is a mixture of microcrystalline of Ni5P4 and crystalline phases of Ni in the alkaline bath, with the components of 4.74%P and 95.26%Ni. The nickel deposition reaction occurs at -1.07 V appropriately with the peak current density of 32 mA/cm2 and the electrochemical deposition of nickel is mainly controlled by the electrochemical process.

scholarly journals Aromatic dimer dehydrogenases from Novosphingobium aromaticivorans reduce monoaromatic diketones

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Linz ◽  
Yanjun Ma ◽  
Jose M. Perez ◽  
Kevin S. Myers ◽  
Wayne S. Kontur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Range ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Multiple Substrates ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Plant Polymer ◽  
Lignin Depolymerization

Lignin is a potential source of valuable chemicals, but its chemical depolymerization results in a heterogeneous mixture of aromatics and other products. Microbes could valorize depolymerized lignin by converting multiple substrates into one or a small number of products. In this study, we describe the ability of Novosphingobium aromaticivorans to metabolize 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propane-1,2-dione (G-diketone), an aromatic Hibbert diketone which is produced during formic acid-catalyzed lignin depolymerization. By assaying genome-wide transcript levels from N. aromaticivorans during growth on G-diketone and other chemically-related aromatics, we hypothesized that the Lig dehydrogenases, previously characterized as oxidizing β-O-4 linkages in aromatic dimers, were involved in G-diketone metabolism by N. aromaticivorans . Using purified N. aromaticivorans Lig dehydrogenases, we found that LigL, LigN, and LigD each reduced the Cα ketone of G-diketone in vitro but with different substrate specificities and rates. Furthermore, LigL, but not LigN or LigD, also reduced the Cα ketone of 2-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one (GP-1) in vitro , a derivative of G-diketone with the Cβ ketone reduced, when GP-1 was provided as a substrate. The newly identified activity of these Lig dehydrogenases expands the potential range of substrates utilized by N. aromaticivorans beyond what has been previously recognized. This is beneficial both for metabolizing a wide range of natural and non-native depolymerized lignin substrates and for engineering microbes and enzymes that are active with a broader range of aromatic compounds. Importance Lignin is a major plant polymer composed of aromatic units that have value as chemicals. However, the structure and composition of lignin has made it difficult to use this polymer as a renewable source of industrial chemicals. Bacteria like Novosphingobium aromaticivorans have the potential to make chemicals from lignin not only because of their natural ability to metabolize a variety of aromatics but also because there are established protocols to engineer N. aromaticivorans strains to funnel lignin-derived aromatics into valuable products. In this work, we report a newly discovered activity of previously characterized dehydrogenase enzymes with a chemically-modified byproduct of lignin depolymerization. We propose that the activity of N. aromaticivorans enzymes with both native lignin aromatics and those produced by chemical depolymerization will expand opportunities for producing industrial chemicals from the heterogenous components of this abundant plant polymer.

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