scholarly journals Sexueller Sadismus: Aktueller Wissensstand und die Codierung gemäß DSM-5-TR und ICD-11

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Mokros ◽  
Joachim Nitschke
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Sadism ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Per Se

ZusammenfassungSexualsadismus bezeichnet eine lustvolle Erregbarkeit durch die Kontrolle, Erniedrigung oder Schmerzzufügung zulasten einer anderen Person. In den psychiatrischen Klassifikationskatalogen wird heute auf Zwang und Nichteinvernehmlichkeit abgestellt, um die forensische Ausprägung des Sexualsadismus von der konsensuellen Spielart im Sinne sadomasochistischer Rollenspiele abzugrenzen („bondage“ und Disziplinierung, Dominanz und Submission, Sadismus und Masochismus; kurz: BDSM). Ferner ist zwischen diesen Formen des Sexualsadismus und dem sog. Charakter- oder Alltagssadismus als Persönlichkeitszug zu unterscheiden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die aktuelle Nosologie der forensisch-psychiatrisch bedeutsamen zwangsweisen sexuell-sadistischen Störung („coercive sexual sadism disorder“) gemäß ICD-11 erläutert. Die Sexual Sadism Scale wird als diagnostisches Hilfsmittel für die gutachterliche Beurteilung vorgestellt. Befunde zur Kriminalprognose werden dargestellt, wobei die Diagnose per se nicht nennenswert mit erneuter Sexual- oder Gewaltdelinquenz nach Entlassung assoziiert ist, aber einen starken Zusammenhang mit äußerst schwerwiegenden Einweisungsdelikten zeigt (konkret: sexuell motivierte Tötungsdelikte). Wie aktuelle Literaturrecherchen ergeben, liegen aus den letzten Jahren keine Behandlungsstudien vor.

Dipendenza sessuale nel DSM-5. Andrebbe riconsiderata la sua inclusione?

PSICOBIETTIVO ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Luca Tornatola
Keyword(s):  
Dsm 5 ◽  
On Line ◽  
Fattori Di Rischio ◽  
Per Se

Pur non essendo stata inclusa nel DSM-5, la dipendenza sessuale è ritenuta da diversi autori un vero e proprio disturbo. Osservando la produzione scientifica degli ultimi dieci anni si riscontra una imponente ondata di articoli sulle nuove dipendenze e i comportamenti derivanti. Molte di queste ricerche si sono orientate verso lo studio della pornografia on-line e la fascia di età tra l'adolescenza e la prima età adulta. Tuttavia, ancora oggi risulta piuttosto complicato riuscire a delineare il profilo prototipico dell'individuo che mette in atto comportamenti, definibili patologici, legati alla dipendenza sessuale. Si tratta di una condizione che può comportare spesso delle conseguenze nella sfera relazionale, in quella professionale, in quella economica e, in casi particolarmente gravi, anche in quella legale. Alcuni rilievi indicano che tra il 3 ed il 6% della popolazione generale, in diversa misura, sarebbe dipendente dal sesso, una percentuale di per sé rilevante ma che risulterebbe essere una sottostima rispetto alla realtà non emersa. Tale percentuale arriva al 17% negli individui sotto i 25 anni. Si è potuta dimostrare l'efficacia di trattamenti di natura integrata, che contemplino sia una terapia psicofarmacologica che delle psicoterapie (individuali e di gruppo). Sono necessari ulteriori studi per poter delineare in modo più chiaro i criteri nosografici, i fattori di rischio più frequenti e la validazione di strumenti valutativi della dipendenza sessuale.

Personality Disorder Features and Paraphilic Interests Among Undergraduates: Differential Relations and Potential Antecedents

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley L. Watts ◽  
Madeline G. Nagel ◽  
Robert D. Latzman ◽  
Scott O. Lilienfeld
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Antisocial Personality Disorder ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Sexual Sadism ◽  
Base Rates ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Disorder Symptom ◽  
Differential Relations

We examined the relations between: (1) narcissism, psychopathy, DSM-5 personality disorder symptom counts; and (2) paraphilic interests among undergraduates (N = 608). Base rates of paraphilic interests were appreciable. The disinhibition and meanness features of psychopathy and the entitlement and exploitativeness features of narcissism were robustly associated with paraphilic interests, particularly sexual sadism, whereas the boldness features of narcissism and psychopathy were essentially unrelated to these interests. Narcissism and psychopathy features typically manifested the most pronounced relations with paraphilic interests, although antisocial personality disorder features were also strong predictors. By and large, these relations were comparable across gender. Lastly, there was no evidence that erotophilia mediated the relations between the narcissism and psychopathy features and paraphilic interests, most likely because erotophilia was generally unrelated to paraphilic interests. Relative to other dimensions of personality disorders, facets of meanness and disinhibition from psychopathy and entitlement/exploitativeness facets from narcissism were most associated with paraphilic interests.

scholarly journals Tangente narcizma i psihoze u kontekstu aktualne ekološke krize

JAHR ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luka Janeš
Keyword(s):  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Per Se

U radu će se problematici narcističkog ophođenja pristupiti kroz evaluaciju na društvenoj, političkoj i psihijatrijsko-psihološkoj osi razmatranja. Etiološki, simptomatološki i prevencijski dijapazon narcističkog poremećaja ličnosti, prisutnog u DSM dijagnostičkom vodiču te u okvirima aktualne epohe obilježene »narcističkom kulturom«, dovest će se u vezu s poremećajima psihotičnog spektra, usmjeravanjem argumentacije na koncept dislokacije sebstva i halucinatornog tumačenja vlastite subjektivne pozicije u odnosu na mereološku konstelaciju objektiviteta. Navedeni par pragmatički će se usmjeravati spram problematike aktualne ekološke krize, uz tezu da narcistički i psihotični poremećaji nište integrativnost i pluriperspektivnost perceptivnog zahvaćanja kozmičkog ekvilibrija, što u pragmatičnom pogledu potencira razvoj i permanenciju moralnog nihilizma spram pristupa bioetičkoj raznovrsnosti te vrijednosti života per se, a kao proizvod polučuje destrukciju okoliša na raznim razinama – mikrorazini pojedinčeve psihe, mezorazini društvenog empatičkog senzibiliteta i makrorazini narušavanja ekološke ravnoteže. Teza rada sažeta je u stavu da je načelni pristup problematici narcizma u nedovoljnoj mjeri artikuliran, definiran i sistematiziran, prije svega u odnosu na ugrožavanje života na raznim dimenzijama, a s naglaskom na psihijatrijsku, psihoanalitičku i sociofilozofsku misaonu i djelokružnu domenu te da je etiološki i dijagnostički doseg narcističkog poremećaja ličnosti, proizašao iz okvira psihijatrijskog dijagnostičkog priručnika DSM 5 u bitnoj mjeri oskudan i neprecizan, te iziskuje temeljitu metodološku reevaluciju, u svrhu čega adekvatnu orijentaciju nudi disciplina integrativna bioetika, i to prije svega u kontekstu transdisciplinarne impelmentacije bioetičkog senzibiliteta u okvire odgojno-obrazovnog sustava.

Paraphilic Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lancer Naghdechi ◽  
Atef Bakhoum ◽  
Waguih William IsHak
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Interest ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Sexual Sadism ◽  
Paraphilic Disorder ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Sexual Masochism ◽  
Paraphilic Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pedophilic Disorder

Sexuality and sexual medicine are important and often understudied aspects of medicine and psychiatry. Often, patients and physicians avoid conversations regarding sex. A paraphilic disorder is diagnosed when a paraphilia, defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) as “any intense and persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners”, results in distress or impairment to the individual, personal harm, or risk of harm, to others. This review covers the definition, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, etiology, phenomenology, diagnostic work-up, treatment modalities, guidelines, and prognosis of paraphilias including voyeurism, exhibitionism, frotteurism, sexual masochism disorder, sexual sadism disorder, pedophilic disorder, and transvestic disorder. The table and figure list paraphilic disorders listed in the DSM-5 and paraphilias in the Other specified paraphilic disorders section of the DSM-5. This review contains 1 figure, 1 table, and 15 references. Key Words: DSM-5, exhibitionism, fetish, frotteurism, paraphilia, paraphilic disorder, pedophilic disorder, sexual masochism disorder, sexual sadism disorder, transvestic disorder, voyeurism

Origin of Hepatic Nuclear Inclusion Bodies

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 426-427
Author(s):  
F. G. Zaki ◽  
J. A. Greenlee ◽  
C. H. Keysser
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Storage Disease ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Nuclear Inclusion ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Human Liver Cells ◽  
Microscopic Studies ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Experimental Liver

Nuclear inclusion bodies seen in human liver cells may appear in light microscopy as deposits of fat or glycogen resulting from various diseases such as diabetes, hepatitis, cholestasis or glycogen storage disease. These deposits have been also encountered in experimental liver injury and in our animals subjected to nutritional deficiencies, drug intoxication and hepatocarcinogens. Sometimes these deposits fail to demonstrate the presence of fat or glycogen and show PAS negative reaction. Such deposits are considered as viral products.Electron microscopic studies of these nuclei revealed that such inclusion bodies were not products of the nucleus per se but were mere segments of endoplasmic reticulum trapped inside invaginating nuclei (Fig. 1-3).

The Eleventh Circuit Holds that Agreements in which Pharmaceutical Companies Pay Generic Companies Not to Compete May be Valid

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Amy Garrigues
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Patent Holder ◽  
Trial Court ◽  
Court Of Appeals ◽  
The Us ◽  
Antitrust Laws ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Appeals Court ◽  
Two Sides

On September 15, 2003, the US. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit held that agreements between pharmaceutical and generic companies not to compete are not per se unlawful if these agreements do not expand the existing exclusionary right of a patent. The Valley DrugCo.v.Geneva Pharmaceuticals decision emphasizes that the nature of a patent gives the patent holder exclusive rights, and if an agreement merely confirms that exclusivity, then it is not per se unlawful. With this holding, the appeals court reversed the decision of the trial court, which held that agreements under which competitors are paid to stay out of the market are per se violations of the antitrust laws. An examination of the Valley Drugtrial and appeals court decisions sheds light on the two sides of an emerging legal debate concerning the validity of pay-not-to-compete agreements, and more broadly, on the appropriate balance between the seemingly competing interests of patent and antitrust laws.

Fusion and Fission Processes in Exocytosis: Possible Roles for Synexin and Osmotic Lysis in the Two Events

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
H.B. Pollard ◽  
C.E. Creutz ◽  
C.J. Pazoles ◽  
J.H. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Extracellular Calcium ◽  
Large Protein ◽  
Granule Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Lysis ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Chemical Evidence

Exocytosis is a general concept describing secretion of enzymes, hormones and transmitters that are otherwise sequestered in intracellular granules. Chemical evidence for this concept was first gathered from studies on chromaffin cells in perfused adrenal glands, in which it was found that granule contents, including both large protein and small molecules such as adrenaline and ATP, were released together while the granule membrane was retained in the cell. A number of exhaustive reviews of this early work have been published and are summarized in Reference 1. The critical experiments demonstrating the importance of extracellular calcium for exocytosis per se were also first performed in this system (2,3), further indicating the substantial service given by chromaffin cells to those interested in secretory phenomena over the years.

La dissociation de Janet au DSM-5

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. S22
Author(s):  
C. Hingray
Keyword(s):  
Dsm 5

The importance of physical training for preventive care in the elderly

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Baum
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Care ◽  
Körperliche Aktivität ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Ältere Menschen ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Per Se

Der mit zunehmendem Alter beobachtbare Verlust an Kraft, Koordination, Ausdauer und Flexibilität ist nur zum Teil als Alterungsprozess per se zu verstehen. Ein wesentlicher Einflussfaktor ist die körperliche Aktivität, d.h. die impliziten oder expliziten Trainingsreize. Denn alle körperlichen Leistungsmerkmale sind noch bis ins höchste Alter unter der Voraussetzung trainierbar, dass die Trainingsintensität und die Reizdichte hinreichend hoch sind. Bei Trainingsangeboten für ältere Menschen kommen der Kraft und der Koordination eine besondere Bedeutung zu, da sie die Basis für eine selbständige Lebensführung darstellen. Um das Krafttraining aus kardio-vaskulärer Sicht möglichst sicher zu gestalten, wurde von uns eine Trainingsform entwickelt und erprobt, bei der es im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Methoden zu signifikant geringeren Blutdruckanstiegen kommt.

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