High capacity ethidium bromide removal by montmorillonites

During the prodromal stages of sporulation in the Basidiomycete, Agaricus bisporus, mitochondria accumulate in the basidial cells, zygotes, in the gill tissues prior to entry of these mitochondria, together with two haploid nuclei and cytoplasmic ribosomes, into the exospores. The mitochondria contain prominent loci of DNA [Fig. 1]. A modified Kleinschmidt spread technique1 has been used to evaluate the DNA strands from purified whole mitochondria released by osmotic shock, mitochondrial DNA purified on CsCl gradients [density = 1.698 gms/cc], and DNA purified on ethidium bromide CsCl gradients. The DNA appeared as linear strands up to 25 u in length and circular forms 2.2-5.2 u in circumference. In specimens prepared by osmotic shock, many strands of DNA are apparently attached to membrane fragments [Fig. 2]. When mitochondria were ruptured in hypotonic sucrose and then fixed in glutaraldehyde, the ribosomes were released for electron microscopic examination.

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Deformation of Yeast Plasma Membrane by Ethidium Bromide

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100103334 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 254-255

Author(s):

E. Keyhani

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Thin Section ◽

Ethidium Bromide ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Mutagenic Effect ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Hydrophobic Region ◽

Thin Section Electron Microscopy ◽

Section Electron ◽

Deep Pits

The mutagenic effect of ethidium bromide on the mitochondrial DNA is well established. Using thin section electron microscopy, it was shown that when yeast cells were grown in the presence of ethidium bromide, besides alterations in the mitochondria, the plasma membrane also showed alterations consisting of 75 to 110 nm-deep pits. Furthermore, ethidium bromide induced an increase in the length and number of endoplasmic reticulum and in the number of intracytoplasmic vesicles.Freeze-fracture, by splitting the hydrophobic region of the membrane, allows the visualization of the surface view of the membrane, and consequently, any alteration induced by ethidium bromide on the membrane can be better examined by this method than by the thin section method.Yeast cells, Candida utilis. were grown in the presence of 35 μM ethidium bromide. Cells were harvested and freeze-fractured according to the procedure previously described.

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CuS2 sheets: a hidden anode material with a high capacity for sodium-ion batteries

Journal of Materials Chemistry C ◽

10.1039/d0tc04946h ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shaohua Lu ◽

Weidong Hu ◽

Xiaojun Hu

Keyword(s):

Lithium Ion Batteries ◽

Anode Material ◽

Low Cost ◽

High Capacity ◽

Lithium Ion ◽

Sodium Ion ◽

Sodium Ion Batteries

Due to their low cost and improved safety compared to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries have attracted worldwide attention in recent decades.

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The mannose receptor functions as a high capacity and broad specificity antigen receptor in dendritic cells

Immunology Letters ◽

10.1016/s0165-2478(97)87652-3 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 56 (1-3) ◽

pp. 203

Author(s):

A Engering

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

High Capacity ◽

Antigen Receptor ◽

Mannose Receptor ◽

Broad Specificity

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Receptor Mediated Binding of the Fibrinolytic Components, Plasminogen and Urokinase, to Peripheral Blood Cells

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1646019 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 58 (03) ◽

pp. 936-942 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Lindsey A Miles ◽

Edward F Plow

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

B Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Binding Sites ◽

Blood Cells ◽

High Capacity ◽

Red Cells ◽

Peripheral Blood Cells ◽

Cellular Functions ◽

Fibrinolytic Proteins

SummaryGlu-plasminogen binds to platelets; the monocytoid line, U937, and the human fetal fibroblast line, GM1380 bind both plasminogen and its activator, urokinase. This study assesses the interaction of these fibrinolytic proteins with circulating human blood cells. Plasminogen bound minimally to red cells but bound saturably and reversibly to monocytes, granulocytes and lymphocytes with apparent Kd values of 0.9-1.4 μM. The interactions were of high capacity with 1.6 to 49 × 105 sites/cell and involved the lysine binding sites of plasminogen. Both T cells and non-rosetting lymphocytes and two B cell lines saturably bound plasminogen. Urokinase bound saturably to gianulocytes, monocytes, non-rosetting lymphocytes and a B cell line, but minimally to T cells, platelets and red cells. Therefore, plasminogen binding sites of high capacity, of similar affinities, and with common recognition specificities are expressed by many peripheral blood cells. Urokinase receptors are also widely distributed, but less so than plasminogen binding sites. The binding ol plasminogen and/ or urokinase to these cells may lead to generation of cell- associated proteolytic activity which contributes to a variety of cellular functions.

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Abnormal Platelet Serotonin Uptake and Binding Sites in Myeloproliferative Disorders

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1661099 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 51 (03) ◽

pp. 349-353 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

C Caranobe ◽

P Sié ◽

F Fernandez ◽

J Pris ◽

S Moatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Binding Sites ◽

High Capacity ◽

Specific Inhibitor ◽

Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽

Normal Subjects ◽

Binding Data ◽

Full Explanation ◽

Number Of Binding Sites ◽

5 Ht Uptake ◽

Kinetics Of

SummaryA simultaneous investigation of the kinetics of serotonin (5 HT) uptake and of binding sites was carried out in the platelets of normal subjects and of 10 patients affected with various types of myeloproliferative disorders (MD). The 5 HT uptake was analysed according to the Lineweaver-Burk and the Eadie-Hofstee methods. With the two methods, the patient’s platelets exhibited a dramatic reduction of the Vi max and of the Km; in some patients the Eadie-Hofstee analysis revealed that a passive diffusion phenomenon is superimposed on the active 5 HT uptake at least for the higher concentration used. The binding data were analysed with the Scatchard method. Two classes of binding sites (high affinity - low capacity, low affinity - high capacity) were found in normal subjects and patients. Pharmacological studies with imipramine, a specific inhibitor of 5 HT uptake, suggested that both the sites are involved in 5 HT uptake. The number of both binding sites was significantly decreased in patient’s platelets while the affinity constants of these binding sites were not significantly reduced in comparison with those of the control subjects. No correlations were found between Vi max, Km and the number of binding sites. These results suggest that a reduction in the number of platelet membrane acceptors for 5 HT commonly occurs in myeloproliferative disorders but does not provide a full explanation of the uptake defect.

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Dimensioning a recovery boiler furnace using mathematical optimization

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj14.2.119 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 119-129 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

VILJAMI MAAKALA ◽

PASI MIIKKULAINEN

Keyword(s):

Radial Basis Function Network ◽

High Capacity ◽

Mathematical Optimization ◽

Optimization Procedure ◽

Optimization Method ◽

Performance Criteria ◽

Boiler Furnace ◽

Starting Point ◽

Recovery Boiler ◽

Base Design

Capacities of the largest new recovery boilers are steadily rising, and there is every reason to expect this trend to continue. However, the furnace designs for these large boilers have not been optimized and, in general, are based on semiheuristic rules and experience with smaller boilers. We present a multiobjective optimization code suitable for diverse optimization tasks and use it to dimension a high-capacity recovery boiler furnace. The objective was to find the furnace dimensions (width, depth, and height) that optimize eight performance criteria while satisfying additional inequality constraints. The optimization procedure was carried out in a fully automatic manner by means of the code, which is based on a genetic algorithm optimization method and a radial basis function network surrogate model. The code was coupled with a recovery boiler furnace computational fluid dynamics model that was used to obtain performance information on the individual furnace designs considered. The optimization code found numerous furnace geometries that deliver better performance than the base design, which was taken as a starting point. We propose one of these as a better design for the high-capacity recovery boiler. In particular, the proposed design reduces the number of liquor particles landing on the walls by 37%, the average carbon monoxide (CO) content at nose level by 81%, and the regions of high CO content at nose level by 78% from the values obtained with the base design. We show that optimizing the furnace design can significantly improve recovery boiler performance.

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