Targeting Inflammation Through a Physical Active Lifestyle and Pharmaceuticals for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Background Adopting an active lifestyle plays a key role in the prevention and management of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Web-based interventions are able to alter health behaviors and show stronger effects when they are informed by a behavior change theory. MyPlan 2.0 is a fully automated electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) intervention targeting physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). Objective This study aimed to test the short-term effect of MyPlan 2.0 in altering levels of PA and SB and in changing personal determinants of behavior in adults with T2DM and in adults aged ≥50 years. Methods The study comprised two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with an identical design. RCT 1 was conducted with adults with T2DM. RCT 2 was performed in adults aged ≥50 years. Data were collected via face-to-face assessments. The participants decided either to increase their level of PA or to decrease their level of SB. The participants were randomly allocated with a 2:1 ratio to the intervention group or the waiting-list control group. They were not blinded for their group allocation. The participants in the intervention group were instructed to go through MyPlan 2.0, comprising 5 sessions with an interval of 1 week between each session. The primary outcomes were objectively measured and self-reported PA (ie, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, total PA, number of steps, and domain-specific [eg, transport-related] PA) and SB (ie, sitting time, number of breaks from sitting time, and length of sitting bouts). Secondary outcomes were self-reported behavioral determinants for PA and SB (eg, self-efficacy). Separate linear mixed models were performed to analyze the effects of MyPlan 2.0 in the two samples. Results In RCT 1 (n=54), the PA intervention group showed, in contrast to the control group, a decrease in self-reported time spent sitting (P=.09) and an increase in accelerometer-measured moderate (P=.05) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (P=.049). The SB intervention group displayed an increase in accelerometer-assessed breaks from sedentary time in comparison with the control group (P=.005). A total of 14 participants of RCT 1 dropped out. In RCT 2 (n=63), the PA intervention group showed an increase for self-reported total PA in comparison with the control group (P=.003). Furthermore, in contrast to the control group, the SB intervention group decreased their self-reported time spent sitting (P=.08) and increased their accelerometer-assessed moderate (P=.06) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (P=.07). A total of 8 participants of RCT 2 dropped out. Conclusions For both the samples, the HAPA-based eHealth and mHealth intervention, MyPlan 2.0, was able to improve only some of the primary outcomes. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03291171; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03291171. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03799146; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03799146. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/12413

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Effect of a Behavioural Intervention for Adoption and Maintenance of a Physically Active Lifestyle on Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The IDES_2 Randomized Clinical Trial

Sports Medicine ◽

10.1007/s40279-021-01556-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Antonio Nicolucci ◽

Jonida Haxhi ◽

Valeria D’Errico ◽

Massimo Sacchetti ◽

Giorgio Orlando ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Well Being ◽

Behavioural Intervention ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Sf 36

Abstract Background Psychological well-being and quality of life (QoL) are important outcomes of lifestyle interventions, as a positive impact may favour long-term maintenance of behaviour change. Objective This study investigated the effect of a behavioural intervention for adopting and maintaining an active lifestyle on psychological well-being and health-related QoL in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods Three hundred physically inactive and sedentary patients were randomized 1:1 to receive 1 month’s theoretical and practical counselling once a year (intervention group, INT) or standard care (control group, CON) for 3 years. Psychological well-being and QoL, assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO)-5 and the 36-Item Short Form (SF-36) questionnaire, respectively, were pre-specified secondary endpoints. The primary endpoint was sustained behaviour change, as assessed by accelerometer-based measurement of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time. Results WHO-5 and SF-36 physical and mental component summary (PCS and MCS) scores increased progressively in the INT group and decreased in the CON group, resulting in significant between-group differences (WHO-5: mean difference 7.35 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.15–11.55), P = 0.0007; PCS 4.20 (95% CI 2.25–6.15), P < 0.0001; MCS 3.04 (95% CI 1.09–4.99), P = 0.0025). Percentage of participants with likely depression decreased in the INT group and increased in the CON group. PA volume changes were independently associated with WHO-5 changes, which were significantly higher in participants who accumulated > 150 min·wk−1 of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA versus those who did not (13.06 (95% CI 7.51–18.61), P < 0.0001), whereas no relationship was detected for QoL. Conclusion A counselling intervention that was effective in promoting a sustained change in PA and sedentary behaviour significantly improved psychological well-being and QoL. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01600937; 10 October 2012.

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Efficacy of a Self-Regulation–Based Electronic and Mobile Health Intervention Targeting an Active Lifestyle in Adults Having Type 2 Diabetes and in Adults Aged 50 Years or Older: Two Randomized Controlled Trials (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.13363 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Louise Poppe ◽

Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽

Maïté Verloigne ◽

Samyah Shadid ◽

Jelle Van Cauwenberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Mobile Health ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Sitting Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Mhealth Intervention ◽

Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND Adopting an active lifestyle plays a key role in the prevention and management of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Web-based interventions are able to alter health behaviors and show stronger effects when they are informed by a behavior change theory. MyPlan 2.0 is a fully automated electronic health (eHealth) and mobile health (mHealth) intervention targeting physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test the short-term effect of MyPlan 2.0 in altering levels of PA and SB and in changing personal determinants of behavior in adults with T2DM and in adults aged ≥50 years. METHODS The study comprised two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with an identical design. RCT 1 was conducted with adults with T2DM. RCT 2 was performed in adults aged ≥50 years. Data were collected via face-to-face assessments. The participants decided either to increase their level of PA or to decrease their level of SB. The participants were randomly allocated with a 2:1 ratio to the intervention group or the waiting-list control group. They were not blinded for their group allocation. The participants in the intervention group were instructed to go through MyPlan 2.0, comprising 5 sessions with an interval of 1 week between each session. The primary outcomes were objectively measured and self-reported PA (ie, light PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA, total PA, number of steps, and domain-specific [eg, transport-related] PA) and SB (ie, sitting time, number of breaks from sitting time, and length of sitting bouts). Secondary outcomes were self-reported behavioral determinants for PA and SB (eg, self-efficacy). Separate linear mixed models were performed to analyze the effects of MyPlan 2.0 in the two samples. RESULTS In RCT 1 (n=54), the PA intervention group showed, in contrast to the control group, a decrease in self-reported time spent sitting (P=.09) and an increase in accelerometer-measured moderate (P=.05) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (P=.049). The SB intervention group displayed an increase in accelerometer-assessed breaks from sedentary time in comparison with the control group (P=.005). A total of 14 participants of RCT 1 dropped out. In RCT 2 (n=63), the PA intervention group showed an increase for self-reported total PA in comparison with the control group (P=.003). Furthermore, in contrast to the control group, the SB intervention group decreased their self-reported time spent sitting (P=.08) and increased their accelerometer-assessed moderate (P=.06) and moderate-to-vigorous PA (P=.07). A total of 8 participants of RCT 2 dropped out. CONCLUSIONS For both the samples, the HAPA-based eHealth and mHealth intervention, MyPlan 2.0, was able to improve only some of the primary outcomes. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03291171; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03291171. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03799146; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03799146. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR RR2-10.2196/12413

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Can A Physically Active Lifestyle Prevent Type 2 Diabetes?

Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews ◽

10.1097/00003677-200307000-00006 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 132-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Andrea Kriska

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Physically Active

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Daily Physical Activity Patterns of Children Living in an American Indian Community

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.10.1.48 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Timothy A. Brusseau ◽

Pamela H. Kulinna ◽

Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽

Matthew Ferry

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

American Indian ◽

Daily Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Physically Active ◽

American Indian Community ◽

Daily Activity Patterns

Background:Embracing a physically active lifestyle is especially important for American Indian (AI) children who are at a greater risk for hypokinetic diseases, particularly Type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to describe AI children’s pedometer-determined physical activity (PA) segmented into prominent daily activity patterns.Methods:Participants included 5th- and 6th-grade children (N = 77) attending school from 1 Southwestern US AI community. Children wore a pedometer (Yamax Digiwalker SW-200) for 7 consecutive days.Results:Boys accumulated 12,621 (±5385) steps/weekday and girls accumulated 11,640 (±3695) steps/weekday of which 38% (4,779 ± 1271) and 35% (4,027 ± 1285) were accumulated at school for boys and girls, respectively. Physical education (PE) provided the single largest source of PA during school for both boys (25% or 3117 steps/day) and girls (23% or 2638 steps/day). Lunchtime recess provided 1612 (13%) and 1241 (11%) steps/day for boys and girls, respectively. Children were significantly less active on weekend days, accumulating 8066 ± 1959 (boys) and 6676 ± 1884 (girls).Conclusions:Although children accumulate a majority of their steps outside of school, this study highlights the important contribution of PE to the overall PA accumulation of children living in AI communities. Further, PA programming during the weekend appears to be important for this population.

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A Self-Regulation–Based eHealth and mHealth Intervention for an Active Lifestyle in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.12413 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Louise Poppe ◽

Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij ◽

Maïté Verloigne ◽

Laurent Degroote ◽

Samyah Shadid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Online Intervention ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Randomized Controlled

BACKGROUND Adoption of an active lifestyle plays an important role in the management of type 2 diabetes. Online interventions targeting lifestyle changes in adults with type 2 diabetes have provided mixed results. Previous research highlights the importance of creating theory-based interventions adapted to the population’s specific needs. The online intervention “MyPlan 2.0” targets physical activity and sedentary behavior in adults with type 2 diabetes. This intervention is grounded in the self-regulation framework and, by incorporating the feedback of users with type 2 diabetes, iteratively adapted to its target population. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to thoroughly describe “MyPlan 2.0” and the study protocol that will be used to test the effectiveness of this intervention to alter patients’ levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior. METHODS A two-arm superiority randomized controlled trial will be performed. Physical activity and sedentary behavior will be measured using accelerometers and questionnaires. Furthermore, using questionnaires and diaries, patients’ stressors and personal determinants for change will be explored in depth. To evaluate the primary outcomes of the intervention, multilevel analyses will be conducted. RESULTS The randomized controlled trial started in January 2018. As participants can start at different moments, we aim to finish all testing by July 2019. CONCLUSIONS This study will increase our understanding about whether and how a theory-based online intervention can help adults with type 2 diabetes increase their level of physical activity and decrease their sedentary time. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR DERR1-10.2196/12413

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A Systematic and Integrated Review of Mobile-Based Technology to Promote Active Lifestyles in People With Type 2 Diabetes

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology ◽

10.1177/1932296816656018 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 299-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Kathryn Anne McMillan ◽

Alison Kirk ◽

Allan Hewitt ◽

Sandra MacRury

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Behavior Change ◽

Health Behaviors ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Personal Digital Assistant ◽

Active Lifestyle ◽

Continuous Glucose Monitor ◽

Active Lifestyles ◽

And Behavior

Aim: The aim was to review studies examining the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of mobile-based technology for promoting active lifestyles in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Background: Benefits of leading an active lifestyle following a diagnosis of T2D, including improved glycemic control, have been reported. Studies examining the specific use of mobile-based technologies to promote an active lifestyle in T2D have not previously been reviewed. Methods: Research studies examining effectiveness, feasibility or acceptability of mobile-based technology for active lifestyle promotion for T2D management were included (n = 9). The databases searched included PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, and ACM Digital Library (January 2005 to October 2015). Studies were categorized as (1) informing, (2) monitoring, (3) provoking, or (4) sustaining behavior change. Results: Technologies used included smartphone or tablet apps, diabetes personal digital assistant, continuous glucose monitor and accelerometer, pedometer, and a website delivered by a smartphone. No articles examined the effectiveness of mobile-based technology in monitoring health behaviors and behavior change. Four of the studies found mobile-based technology to be motivational and supportive for behavior change. The visual reinforcement was identified as motivational. The feasibility and acceptability of using mobile-based technology to provide sustained lifestyle change and the effectiveness of mobile-based technology in monitoring health behaviors and behavior change have not been investigated. No studies examined all 3 of the outcomes or focused decreasing the participants’ sedentary behavior. Conclusions: Limited research has examined the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of mobile-based technology to promote active lifestyles and subsequently good diabetes management in people with T2D.

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