Carrier-Free Cross-linked Laccase Crystals for Biocatalytic Degradation of Textile Industrial Effluents

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Perveen ◽  
Sadia Noreen ◽  
Salma Shahid ◽  
Huma Mehboob ◽  
Sadia Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Carrier Free

Habitat Association of Klebsiella Species

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan T. Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Habitat Association ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Polluted Waters

AbstractThe genus Klebsiella is seemingly ubiquitous in terms of its habitat associations. Klebsiella is a common opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, as well as being resident or transient flora (particularly in the gastrointestinal tract). Other habitats include sewage, drinking water, soils, surface waters, industrial effluents, and vegetation. Until recently, almost all these Klebsiella have been identified as one species, ie, K. pneumoniae. However, phenotypic and genotypic studies have shown that “K. pneumoniae” actually consists of at least four species, all with distinct characteristics and habitats. General habitat associations of Klebsiella species are as follows: K. pneumoniae—humans, animals, sewage, and polluted waters and soils; K. oxytoca—frequent association with most habitats; K. terrigena— unpolluted surface waters and soils, drinking water, and vegetation; K. planticola—sewage, polluted surface waters, soils, and vegetation; and K. ozaenae/K. rhinoscleromatis—infrequently detected (primarily with humans).

DIE ZUSAMMENSETZUNG DER JODHALTIGEN VERBINDUNGEN UND IHRE BEZIEHUNG ZUM JODUMSATZ IN EUTHYREOTEN STRUMEN

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dankwart Reinwein ◽  
Erich Klein
Keyword(s):  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Iodine Compound ◽  
Hormonal Secretion ◽  
Carrier Free ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Diffuse Goiter

ABSTRACT The iodine metabolism was investigated in 29 patients with euthyroid non-endemic diffuse goiter. 1 to 14 days before thyroidectomy the patients received carrier-free 131I. The chemical iodine fractions (PBI, BEI and iodide) of the thyroid and the labelled iodine compound were analyzed by means of paper- and column chromatography. In one gland the total iodine content varied only by ± 19.6% of the average, the relative shares of PBI, BEI and iodide as well as that of the iodoamino acids being equal. Monoiodotyrosine, diiodotyrosine and thyroxine were found in the thyroid homogenate without hydrolysis. The homogenate after hydrolysis contained more iodotyrosines at the expense of iodothyronines than do normal glands. 17 goiters with normal 131I-uptake showed a high total iodine content (14.2 ± 5.0 mg) whilst 9 goiters with an increased 131I-uptake had low values (3.58 ± 0.6 mg). The opposite was found for the relative shares of BEI with the chromatographically isolated iodothyronines thyroxine, triiodothyronine and an unidentified iodine compound. Goiters with »high plasma PB131I« were characterized by a faster transfer of 131I into the more heavily iodinated compounds than is found in glands with a normal hormonal secretion rate. The highest values for the iodothyronines were found in goiters with increased 131I-uptake together with a high hormonal secretion rate. From this study it appears that the changes in the iodine-poor glands are due to a defective exo- or endogenous iodine supply. The observed alterations in iodine-rich glands are probably induced by a faulty iodine utilization characterized by an incomplete iodotyrosyl-coupling defect.

IMPACT OF INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS ON GROUND WATER QUALITY- A CASE STUDY OF GUJRANWALA, PAKISTAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Mian Bilal Khalid ◽  
Hafsa Yasin ◽  
Abdul Nasir, ◽  
Ch Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Ground Water Quality

PREDICTIVE SIMULATION AND OPTIMIZATION ORIENTED MODELING FOR THE EXTRACTION OF METAL IONS FROM SOLUTIONS INTO A NOVEL BIS-SCHIFF BASE

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
F. S. Nworie ◽  
S. O. Ngele ◽  
J. C. Onah
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Ligand Concentration ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Chemometric Technique ◽  
Model Equations ◽  
Level Of Significance

Metal ions present in waste samples, industrial effluents, acid mines and other aqueous media constitute a serious challenge in different human activities. Solvent extraction a technique for preconcentration, separation and identification of trace amount of metal ions coupled with multivariate chemometric technique was used for the determination of Fe(II) and Cr(III) from solutions in the presence of bis(salicylidene)ethylenediamine (SALEN). The influence of main extraction variables affecting the extraction efficiency was simultaneously studied and regression model equations illustrating the relationship between variables predicted. The extraction parameters (time of extraction, acid concentration, ligand concentration, temperature and metal concentration) were optimized using experimental designs with the contributions of the various parameters to extraction of the metal ions bound to the complexone evaluated using SPSS19.0 software. The statistically determined simulated models for the parameters were R2 = 0.946, 0.727, 0.793, 0.53, 0.53, 1.000 and F- values of 70.400, 13. 285, 15.348, 4.646 and 2.569×105 respectively for time of extraction, acid concentration, ligand concentration, temperature and metal concentration for Cr (III). For Fe (II), R2 = 0.243, 0.371, 0.519, 0.446, 1.000 and F-values of 0.964, 2.953, 4.310, 3.216 and 2.516×105 for time of extraction, acid concentration, ligand concentration, temperature and metal concentration respectively. The level of significance of the models as predicted was both lower than 5% making it feasible, efficient, reproducible and accurate. This means that metal ions at the conditions stated could be removed from waste samples, industrial effluents, acid mines and other aqueous media with extension in industrial scale application.

RELEASE OF NUTRIENTS FROM BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN OSAKA BAY, JAPAN IN 2015

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Yukio Komai ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Mana Sakata ◽  
Masaki Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Osaka Bay ◽  
The Core ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Sea Area

Osaka Bay is the most polluted enclosed sea area, in which is located the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan. There are four kinds of sources on loadings of nutrients to Osaka Bay, which are land including rivers and industrial effluents beside coast, ocean sea water, release from bottom sediment to sea water, and wet and dry deposition from air. The pollutant loadings inflowing from the land to Osaka Bay have been cut by various policies since 1970’s. The concentrations of nutrients in the inner part of Osaka Bay have showed an obvious decreasing tendency. However, the water quality in offshore sea has not satisfied the environmental standard on nutrients. We investigated the amount of nutrients released from bottom sediments. The core samples were taken at two stations in the inner part of Osaka Bay once a month from February to November, 2015. The core incubation experiment in laboratory was conducted for 24 hours according to Tada et.al. The concentrations of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and phosphate phosphorus (PO4-P) were measured by an automatic analyzer. The flux showed similar range with the values investigated in 1986. The results suggested that the flux of nutrients from bottom sediments in the inner part of Osaka Bay has not decreased during summer season at least since 1985. Therefore, the contribution of release from bottom sediment on the nutrients budget would relatively become larger in inner part of Osaka Bay.

The Effect of Metallic and Ionic Species on the Performance of a Biological Effluent Treatment System

1977 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-212
Author(s):  
B. Volesky ◽  
Q. Samak ◽  
P. Waller
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Metallic Ions ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

Abstract Review of the available results appearing in the recent literature is presented focusing particularly upon the effects of metallic ions such as Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, V, Zn, Ni and Co. Some original data involving the effects of Na are presented and discussed. Development of parameters used in evaluating the influence of toxic or inhibitory species on the mixed microbial population of an activated sludge system is of crucial importance and different techniques employed such as BOD-COD-TOC-removal rates, Oxygen Uptake Rate, and others are discussed, showing relative inadequacy of currently applied assays. From the data available, certain trends can be discerned. There is a definite threshold concentration for each metallic ion, depending on the organic load of the feed. In the order of increasing toxicity to activated sludge systems reflected in lower BOD removals the following metals have been listed as inhibiting factors at concentrations starting from 1 ppm applied on a continuous basis: hexavalent chromium, cobalt, zinc, cadmium, trivalent chromium, copper and nickel. Metals in combination have not been reported to exhibit any significantly different effects as compared to those observed with individually introduced metallic ions. Tolerance of some activated sludge systems to shock loadings by various inorganic ions and metals is reviewed. The conclusions are of particular importance for estimating the performance of biox systems handling industrial effluents which are likely to contain toxic components of inorganic or metallic nature.

The Contribution of Agricultural Loading to Eutrophication in Finnish Lakes

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 1133-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kauppi
Keyword(s):  
Algal Growth ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Agricultural Runoff ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Ionic Concentration ◽  
Phosphorus Loading ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Nineteen Seventies ◽  
Spring Maximum

Agriculture accounts for 9 per cent of the total surface area of Finland and generates the greatest single nutrient input to Finnish watercourses. Since agricultural activity is scattered throughout the whole country its effects in lakes are less pronounced than those of domestic and industrial effluents. On the other hand, point source phosphorus loading of lakes and rivers decreased significantly during the nineteen-seventies. Phosphorus is the nutrient which primarily limits production in most Finnish lakes. The availability of phosphorus in agricultural runoff waters is therefore a crucial question in the evaluation of the eutrophicating effects of agriculture. Our results indicated that in runoff waters available phosphorus can be 60-70 per cent of the total phosphorus. However, the concentrations of available P were so low that they could be achieved in Finnish lakes of low ionic concentration through simple chemical desorption without the assistance of the algal uptake. The utilization of the spring maximum of runoff phosphorus in lakes would thus not depend on the concurrence of the maxima of loading and algal growth.

CETREL's environmental management system (BS-7750): an advanced and innovative project

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-237
Author(s):  
F. A. Pereira ◽  
A. B. Kauss
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Management System ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
The Government

This paper analyses all of the activities carried out by CETREL to establish its Environmental Management System - EMS. This system encompasses all of CETREL's environmental protection efforts: treatment of industrial effluents and residues; environmental monitoring (soil, air, groundwater, rivers and the sea); wildlife preservation programme, environmental education programme, among other activities. CETREL's EMS is a mid-sized system consisting of nearly 425 Instruments (244 Procedures and 181 Work Instructions). The size of the system was selected based on British Standard BS-7750, which provides the principal tools that will allow the organisation to continually maximise beneficial environmental effects while minimising adverse environmental effects. Since the EMS in question is a voluntary one, the result of initiatives taken by CETREL itself, the system's design and architecture were chosen so that the Company's environmental standards would be more stringent than those in the environmental legislation, that is, stricter than the government-mandated environmental requirements.

Microbial Biofilms and Biotechnology – Some Perceptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subba Rao Toleti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
Prophylactic Vaccines ◽  
Design Construction

: The review is an attempt to introduce the readers in brief about biofilms and their implications as well as some new perceptions in biotechnology. Biofilms are adherent microbial communities, which are developed on submerged surfaces in aquatic environments. Biofilms play a significant role in exopolymer production, material deterioration and also cause harmful infections. Further, the role of corrosion causing biofilm bacteria in deterioration of different materials, microbial biofilms and their enzymatic processes in reducing the toxicity of pollutants in industrial effluents are elaborated, along with clean technologies for wastewater treatment. Biotechnology is defined as any technological application that uses biological systems to synthesize or modify products or processes. The applications include biochemical processes, medical care, cell and tissue culture as well as synthetic biology and others. Synthetic biology details about the design, construction of new biological components and systems for useful purposes. Finally, to overcome the limitations that are inherent to the use of cellular host’s, cell-free systems as critical platforms for synthetic biology applications. This mini-review also mentions about new diagnostic products based on enzymes, monoclonal antibodies and engineered proteins as well as novel prophylactic vaccines.

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