DIE ZUSAMMENSETZUNG DER JODHALTIGEN VERBINDUNGEN UND IHRE BEZIEHUNG ZUM JODUMSATZ IN EUTHYREOTEN STRUMEN

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dankwart Reinwein ◽  
Erich Klein
Keyword(s):  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Iodine Compound ◽  
Hormonal Secretion ◽  
Carrier Free ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Diffuse Goiter

ABSTRACT The iodine metabolism was investigated in 29 patients with euthyroid non-endemic diffuse goiter. 1 to 14 days before thyroidectomy the patients received carrier-free 131I. The chemical iodine fractions (PBI, BEI and iodide) of the thyroid and the labelled iodine compound were analyzed by means of paper- and column chromatography. In one gland the total iodine content varied only by ± 19.6% of the average, the relative shares of PBI, BEI and iodide as well as that of the iodoamino acids being equal. Monoiodotyrosine, diiodotyrosine and thyroxine were found in the thyroid homogenate without hydrolysis. The homogenate after hydrolysis contained more iodotyrosines at the expense of iodothyronines than do normal glands. 17 goiters with normal 131I-uptake showed a high total iodine content (14.2 ± 5.0 mg) whilst 9 goiters with an increased 131I-uptake had low values (3.58 ± 0.6 mg). The opposite was found for the relative shares of BEI with the chromatographically isolated iodothyronines thyroxine, triiodothyronine and an unidentified iodine compound. Goiters with »high plasma PB131I« were characterized by a faster transfer of 131I into the more heavily iodinated compounds than is found in glands with a normal hormonal secretion rate. The highest values for the iodothyronines were found in goiters with increased 131I-uptake together with a high hormonal secretion rate. From this study it appears that the changes in the iodine-poor glands are due to a defective exo- or endogenous iodine supply. The observed alterations in iodine-rich glands are probably induced by a faulty iodine utilization characterized by an incomplete iodotyrosyl-coupling defect.

INDUCTION OF GOITRE BY PTU OR KClO4 IN MALE AND FEMALE RATS. EFFECT OF GONADECTOMY

1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Jolín ◽  
M. J. Tarin ◽  
M. D. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Content ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Tsh Levels

ABSTRACT Male and female rats of varying ages were placad on a low iodine diet (LID) plus KClO4 or 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) or on the same diet supplemented with I (control rats). Goitrogenesis was also induced with LID plus PTU in gonadectomized animals of both sexes. The weight of the control and goitrogen treated animals, and the weight and iodine content of their thyroids were determined, as well as the plasma PBI, TSH, insulin and glucose levels. The pituitary GH-like protein content was assessed by disc electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels. If goitrogenesis was induced in young rats of both sexes starting with rats of the same age, body weight (B.W.) and pituitary growth hormone (GH) content, it was found that both the males and females developed goitres of the same size. On the contrary, when goitrogenesis was induced in adult animals, it was found that male rats, that had larger B.W. and pituitary GH content than age-paired females, developed larger goitres. However, both male and female rats were in a hypothyroid condition of comparable degree as judged by the thyroidal iodine content and the plasma PBI and TSH levels. When all the data on the PTU or KClO4-treated male and female rats of varying age and B.W. were considered together, it was observed that the weights of the thyroids increased proportionally to B.W. However, a difference in the slope of the regression of the thyroid weight over B.W. was found between male and female rats, due to the fact that adult male rats develop larger goitres than female animals. In addition, in the male rats treated with PTU, gonadectomy decreased the B.W., pituitary content of GH-like protein and, concomitantly, the size of the goitre decreased; an opposite effect was induced by ovariectomy on the female animals. However, when goitrogenesis was induced in weight-paired adult rats of both sexes, the male animals still developed larger goitres than the females. Among all the parameters studied here, the only ones which appeared to bear a consistent relationship with the size of the goitres in rats of different sexes, treated with a given goitrogen, were the rate of body growth and the amount of a pituitary GH-like protein found before the onset of the goitrogen treatment. Moreover, though the pituitary content of the GH-like protein decreased as a consequence of goitrogen treatment, it was still somewhat higher in male that in female animals. The present results suggest that GH may somehow be involved in the mechanism by which male and female rats on goitrogens develop goitres of different sizes, despite equally high plasma TSH levels.

scholarly journals A preliminary study on the action of cassava on thyroid iodine metabolism in rats

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Van Der velden ◽  
J Kinthaert ◽  
S. Orts ◽  
A. M Ermans
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Cyanogenic Glucosides ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Daily Ingestion ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Thiocyanate Concentration

1. The ingestion of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) by rats increased the plasma thiocyanate concentration and reduced the thyroid iodine content and the plasma protein-bound iodine.2. Administration of increasing doses of thiocyanate raised the plasma thiocyanate concentration and reduced the thyroid iodine content and the plasma protein-bound iodine.3. In producing these effects, the daily ingestion of 10 g cassava root containing 1·6 mg cyanide was approximately equivalent to a daily intake of about 1–2 mg thiocyanate.4. These results suggest that the antithyroid action of cassava is the result of the production of thiocyanate by the rat from cyanide arising from the cyanogenic glucosides present in this food.

scholarly journals Iodine and iodothyronine content in human neonate thyroid gland

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Savin-Zegarac ◽  
Dubravka Cvejic ◽  
Olgica Nedic ◽  
R. Radosavljevic ◽  
Ivana Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Human Neonate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Human Neonates

A few years after the iodine content of salt in Serbia was increased from 7 to 15 mg/kg NaCI, iodine, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were measured in thyroid tissue obtained at autopsy from 21 human neonates who died within 30 days after birth. The thyroidal iodine as well as T4 and T3 content per gland in?creased progressively with gestational age of human neonates (r = 0.73, 0.70 and 0.67 respectively, p < 0.001). In seven newborns (gestational age 36 to 41 weeks) the mean values for total iodine, T4 and T3 per gland were 109.1 ?g, 52.2 ?g and 4.4 ?g respectively. The results of iodine and iodothyroninc content found in neonatal thyroid gland, particularly at the end of gestation and a few days of postnatal life, indicates that the iodine supply was satisfactory.

STUDIES OF IODINE METABOLISM IN ICELAND

1964 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Alexander ◽  
Th. Veiger Gudmundsson ◽  
M. M. Bluhm ◽  
R. McG. Harden
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
High Iodine ◽  
Iodine Level ◽  
Iodine Metabolism ◽  
Inorganic Iodine

ABSTRACT The relation between plasma inorganic iodine level, thyroid clearance and absolute iodine uptake of the thyroid gland has been studied in Iceland and compared with results obtained in Glasgow using identical methods. In Iceland the plasma inorganic iodine (PII) is higher than in Glasgow due to the high iodine content of the diet and the thyroid clearance lower. This adjustment is, however, incomplete, relatively high PII levels being associated with a low thyroid clearance and a raised absolute uptake by the thyroid. There was no evidence of increased hormone production as reflected in the serum PBI.

The total Iodine and Iodate-iodine content of sea-water

1960 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Barkley ◽  
Thomas G. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Total Iodine

scholarly journals Iodine content in consumer hen eggs

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Travnicek ◽  
V. Kroupova ◽  
I. Herzig ◽  
J. Kursa
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Fresh Matter ◽  
The Czech Republic

This paper presents the latest information about the supply of iodine to meet its requirements in hens of laying type, on the basis of iodine content in egg yolk and about the importance of eggs as an iodine source in human nutrition. The Sandell-Kolthoff method was applied to determine iodine content in the yolk of eggs from 9 large flocks (54 eggs) and 16 small flocks (96 eggs) in 2004, and from 10 large flocks (135 eggs) and 15&nbsp;small flocks (114 eggs) in 2005. Iodine content was also determined in the albumen of 70 eggs. In 2004, the iodine content in the yolk of eggs from large flocks was 1 014.1 &plusmn; 356.6 while in 2005 it amounted to 1 663.8 &plusmn; 1&nbsp;179.7&nbsp;&micro;g/kg fresh matter (P &lt; 0.01); the respective values for the yolk of eggs from small flocks in 2004 and 2005 were 307.1 &plusmn; 255.7 and 519.5 &plusmn; 508.2 &micro;g/kg fresh matter (P &lt; 0.01). Compared to 1996, in 2005, the iodine content in yolk increased by 123.7% in large flocks, and by 19.2% in small flocks. The iodine content in albumen was 16.2&nbsp;&plusmn; 9.7 &micro;g/kg fresh matter, and it accounted for 2.6&ndash;5.0% of the total iodine content in 1 egg. The correlation coefficient between iodine contents in yolk and albumen was r = 0.67. In the Czech Republic, 1 egg from large flocks contains on average 31.2 &micro;g iodine while 1 egg from small flocks contains 10.0 &micro;g. Eggs from large flocks cover 7&ndash;14% and from small flocks 2.2&ndash;4.4% of the daily iodine requirement in adults. Iodine concentrations exceeding 2 500 &micro;g/kg yolk fresh matter in large flocks were measured between week 32 and 60 of the laying cycle and with daily intake of 0.116&ndash;0.132 mg iodine per hen.

Calcium and metabolism of I131 in rats and homogenates of rat thyroid

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (5) ◽  
pp. 1023-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaro Ribeiro Gandra ◽  
John G. Coniglio
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Iodine Uptake ◽  
Total Iodine ◽  
Organic Iodine ◽  
Free Iodine ◽  
Inorganic Iodine ◽  
Rat Thyroid

The goitrogenic effect of calcium was studied by the use of I131 in intact rats and in rat thyroid slices. Rats receiving excess dietary calcium had larger thyroids than controls. Enlargement of the thyroid was accompanied by increased content of inorganic iodine and decreased content of organic iodine. In vitro studies showed that thyroid enlargement was associated with greater total iodine uptake. Addition of calcium to the incubation medium decreased the total iodine uptake of thyroid slices. The reduction occurred as a consequence of interference with the conversion of inorganic iodine to organic iodine. No decrease in inorganic iodine content was observed. The ratios of bound iodine to free iodine were constantly smaller in the thyroid groups receiving calcium supplement. The results of the in vitro studies suggest that calcium interference is due, at least in part, to a direct effect on thyroid tissue.

First-month variations in total iodine content of human breast milks

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Etling ◽  
Ezio Padovani ◽  
Françoise Fouque ◽  
Luciano Tato
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Content ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Total Iodine

scholarly journals Upregulation of TSHR, TTF-1, and PAX8 in Nodular Goiter Is Associated with Iodine Deficiency in the Follicular Lumen

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huibin Huang ◽  
Lijun Chen ◽  
Bo Liang ◽  
Huiyao Cai ◽  
Qingyan Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Nodular Goiter ◽  
Iodine Content ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Diffuse Goiter

Objective. It has been testified that iodine regulates thyroid function by controlling thyroid-restricted genes expression and is closely related to diffuse goiter and thyroid dysfunction. However, the effects of follicular lumen iodine, the main form of iodine reserve in the body, on thyroid-restricted genes in nodular goiter are poorly understood. In this study, correlations between follicular lumen iodine and the expressions of thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), its transcription factors TTF-1, and PAX8 in nodular goiter were investigated.Patients. In this study, 30 resection specimens clinically histopathologically confirmed to have nodular goiter and 30 normal thyroid specimens from adjacent tissues of nodular goiter are used.Measurement. Western blot immunohistochemistry was performed to assay TSHR, TTF-1, and PAX8 in thyrocytes of nodular goiter as well as in extranodular normal thyroid tissues. Meanwhile, follicular lumen iodine of both nodular goiter and extranodular normal thyroid tissues was detected as well.Results. The TSHR, TTF-1, and PAX8 in nodular goiter were significantly higher than those in the controls. The iodine content in nodular goiter was significantly lower than those in control tissues.Conclusion. Upregulation of TSHR, TTF-1, and PAX8 is associated with low follicular lumen iodine content in nodular goiter.

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