Determination of Reference Intervals of Ratios of Concentrations of Urinary Iodine to Creatinine and Thyroid Hormone Concentrations in Pregnant Women Consuming Adequate Iodine in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 193 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunlei Ji ◽  
Ye Bu ◽  
Chunyuan Tian ◽  
Lijun Fan ◽  
Shoujun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Heilongjiang Province

Establishment of Early Pregnancy Related Thyroid Hormone Models and Reference Intervals for Pregnant Women in China Based on Real World Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (04) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
Chaochao Ma ◽  
Xiaoqi Li ◽  
Lixin Liu ◽  
Xinqi Cheng ◽  
Fang Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Free Thyroxine ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

AbstractThyroid hormone reference intervals are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring thyroid dysfunction during early pregnancy, and the dynamic change trend of thyroid hormones during pregnancy can assist clinicians to assess the thyroid function of pregnant women. This study aims to establish early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models and reference intervals for pregnant women. We established two derived databases: derived database* and derived database#. Reference individuals in database* were used to establish gestational age-specific reference intervals for thyroid hormones and early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models for pregnant women. Individuals in database# were apparently healthy non-pregnant women. The thyroid hormones levels of individuals in database# were compared with that of individuals in database* using nonparametric methods and the comparative confidence interval method. The differences in thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine between early pregnant and non-pregnant women were statistically significant (p<0.0001). The reference intervals of thyroid stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and free triiodothyronine for early pregnant women were 0.052–3.393 μIU/ml, 1.01–1.54 ng/dl, and 2.51–3.66 pg/ml, respectively. Results concerning thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine reference intervals of early pregnancy are comparable with those from other studies using the same detection platform. Early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models showed various change patterns with gestational age for thyroid hormones. Early pregnancy related thyroid hormones models and reference intervals for pregnant women were established, so as to provide accurate and reliable reference basis for the diagnosing and monitoring of maternal thyroid disfunction in early pregnancy.

scholarly journals Specific Reference Intervals of Serum Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, and Thyroid-stimulating Hormone in Normal Pregnant Indian Women as per Trimester

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Nandita Hazra ◽  
Binay Mitra ◽  
Reetika Pal
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
Maternal Thyroid ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Aim Maternal thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy are vital for the health of the mother as well as the developing child. Fetal growth is affected by maternal thyroid levels. Various physiological changes like alterations of thyroxine-binding globulins, human chorionic gonadotropin level, and changes in iodide metabolism affect maternal thyroid hormone levels. Therefore, reference intervals (RIs) for thyroid hormones in pregnant population require to be established separately from the general population. Materials and methods The RIs of serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined in healthy pregnant women by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique after segregating them into three trimesters. This study was conducted in a 492-bedded zonal-level hospital. The reference population was chosen from a study population of pregnant women by strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The assays were done by the most-commonly used, economical ELISA method employing standard kits. Tests were done using accurate and precise methods with proper quality control measures. Results The RIs were calculated from the central 95% of distribution of total T3, total T4, and TSH values located between 2.5 and 97.5 percentile values. The 0.90 confidence intervals for the upper and lower reference limits were calculated. The values thus obtained were different from those provided by the manufacturer kit literature. Conclusion It is recommended to determine one's own laboratory-specific, method-specific, trimester-wise RIs for maternal thyroid hormone status and use them for screening of pregnant women. How to cite this article Chakrabarty BK, Mitra B, Pal R, Hazra N. Specific Reference Intervals of Serum Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, and Thyroid-stimulating Hormone in Normal Pregnant Indian Women as per Trimester. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(1):17-21.

scholarly journals Determination of Urinary Iodine Excretion to Assess Iodine Deficiency Disorder among Pregnant Women in District Hospital of Sindhupalchowk, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
Vivek Kumar Singh ◽  
Anand Ballabh Joshi ◽  
Chitra Kumar Gurung ◽  
Megha Raj Banjara
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Iodine Deficiency Disorder ◽  
Urinary Iodine Excretion ◽  
The Status ◽  
Iodine Excretion

 Pregnant women and infants are risk populations of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Therefore, this study was designed to explore the status of IDD among pregnant women through the analysis of urinary iodine excretion (UIE). A total of 94 pregnant women from Chautara Hospital Sindhupalchowk were included to analyze UIE through Sandell-Kolthoff Reaction. Although the general clinical status of women was satisfactory, the urinary iodine excretion revealed that still, 18.0 percent of pregnant women in Sindhupalchowk had insufficient iodine intake. This indicates that pregnant women are still at risk of iodine deficiency disorder, and they should be in the priority population for the IDD prevention program.

scholarly journals Specific Reference Intervals of Serum Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, and Thyroid-stimulating Hormone in Normal Pregnant Indian Women as per Trimester

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Nandita Hazra ◽  
Binay Mitra ◽  
Reetika Pal
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Specific Method ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Maternal Thyroid ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Aim Maternal thyroid hormone level during pregnancy is a vital parameter for the health of mother as well as developing child. Fetal growth is affected by maternal thyroid levels. Various physiological changes like alterations of thyroxine binding globulins (TBGs), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) level, and change of iodide metabolism affect maternal thyroid hormone levels. Therefore, reference intervals (RI) for thyroid hormones in pregnant population require to be established separately from general population. Materials and methods The RIs of serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined in healthy pregnant women by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique after segregating them into three trimesters. This study was conducted in a 492-bedded zonal level hospital. The reference population was chosen from a study population of pregnant women by strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The assays were done by the most commonly used economical ELISA method using standard kits. Tests were done using accurate and precise methods with proper quality control measures. Results The RIs were calculated from the central 95% of distribution of total T3, total T4, and TSH values located between 2.5 and 97.5 percentile values. The 0.90 confidence intervals (CIs) for the upper and lower reference limits were calculated. The values thus obtained were different from those provided by manufacturer kit literature. Conclusion It is recommended to determine own laboratory-specific, method-specific, trimester-wise RI for maternal thyroid hormone status and use them for screening of pregnant mothers. How to cite this article Chakrabarty BK, Mitra B, Pal R, Hazra N. Specific Reference Intervals of Serum Triiodothyronine, Thyroxine, and Thyroid-stimulating Hormone in Normal Pregnant Indian Women as per Trimester. Indian J Med Biochem 2017;21(2):96-100.

Gestational age-specific reference intervals for serum thyroid hormone levels in a multi-ethnic population

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clement K.M. Ho ◽  
Edward T.H. Tan ◽  
Mor Jack Ng ◽  
George S.H. Yeo ◽  
Bernard Chern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Ethnic Population ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormone

AbstractBackground:Thyroid disorders are common during pregnancy. To date, a limited number of studies have reported differences in serum thyroid hormone concentrations between different ethnic groups. We sought to establish gestational age-specific reference intervals for serum levels of thyroid hormones in a multi-ethnic population and investigate whether separate reference intervals should be used for different ethnic groups.Methods:A total of 926 pregnant women from multiple ethnic groups attended four separate study visits spanning the three trimesters. Venous blood samples were taken at 9 to 14 weeks, 18 to 22 weeks, 28 to 32 weeks, and 34 to 39 weeks of gestation. Serum concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (T3), total T4, total T3, thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody were measured using Abbott Architect immunoassays. A total of 562 women with singleton pregnancies were found to be negative for both thyroid autoantibodies at all four study visits and thus included in the reference sample group for the establishment of reference intervals (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles).Results:Reference intervals for serum thyroid hormones at 9–14 weeks of gestation derived from the combined group of pregnant women are as follows: TSH, 0.01–2.39 mIU/L; free T4, 11.4–19.5 pmol/L; free T3, 4.23–6.69 pmol/L; total T4, 77.8–182.4 nmol/L; total T3, 1.39–2.97 nmol/L. No differences in the five thyroid parameters’ reference intervals are detectable among the ethnic groups except that at study visit 3 (28–32 weeks of gestation), the upper reference limit of total T3 in Malays (3.20 nmol/L; 90% CI, 2.99–3.76 nmol/L) is slightly higher than that in Chinese (2.86 nmol/L; 90% CI, 2.70–2.98 nmol/L).Conclusions:The findings from this study on a multi-ethnic cohort highlight the importance of establishing locally derived and gestational age-specific reference intervals for the five thyroid hormone parameters.

scholarly journals Assessment of the iodine deficiency severity in the population by serum thyrotropin levels in newborns

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
T. V. Sorokman ◽  
M. I. Bachu ◽  
O. V. Makarova ◽  
N. O. Popeluk
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Lactating Women

The problem of iodine deficiency (ID) and its adverse effects on the Ukrainian population, especially on children, pregnant and lactating women, does not lose its relevance. The aim. To assess the state of iodine status of the Northern Bukovіna population by the level of thyrotropin (TSH) in newborns during the years 2015–2020. Methods. Selective screening analysis to determine the serum level of TSH in newborns during 2015–2020 (a total of 47888 results), median ioduria and survey among pregnant women, determination of urinary iodine, ultrasonographic and hormonal profiles of 199 prepubertal children living in Northern Bukovina were performed. Results. During the analyzed period, there was a positive trend: the median ioduria in pregnant women increased from 89.8 μg/l in 2015 to 140.1 μg/l in 2020, the level of neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia above 5 μIU/l decreased to 5 % in 2020 (P < 0.001), there was an upward trend in the median ioduria among prepubertal children (60.4 ± 9.3 μg/l). The frequency of goiter was different and accounted for 25.3 % among children living in the mountainous area and it was much lower among children living in the plain areas and in Chernivtsi (15.6 % and 13.1 %, respectively, P < 0.05). Thyromegaly among children of the reference group occurred in 15.1 %. 12.3 % of children were characterized by TSH in the range of age standards, which were shifted towards its increase (4.23–5.00 μIU/l). Conclusions. The increase in the median ioduria and the decrease in the frequency of neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia above 5 μIU/l on the background of iodine supply has been found in the pregnant population. The indicator of neonatal hyperthyrotropinemia above 5 μIU/l can be used to assess iodine deficiency only in the population of pregnant women.

scholarly journals Inadequate iodine nutrition of pregnant women from Extremadura (Spain)

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Sánchez-Vega ◽  
Francisco Escobar del Rey ◽  
Humberto Fariñas-Seijas ◽  
Gabriella Morreale de Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Iodine Nutrition ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Urine And Serum

ObjectiveTo evaluate the iodine nutrition of the pregnant women of the Spanish Autonomous Community Extremadura. There are ∼10 000 births per year in Extremadura, which historically contains areas with endemic goiter (Las Hurdes).DesignPopulation study in which a representative sample of pregnant women of the general population was analyzed, along with another sample of pregnant women from traditionally goitrogenic areas. With the collaboration of selected health centers, an additional sample of blood and urine was obtained within the primary health care pregnancy-monitoring program; these samples were sent to a single central laboratory.MethodsBiochemistry: determination of iodine and creatinine in urine, and serum concentrations of thyroxine, free thyroxine, tri-iodothyronine, TSH, thyroglobulin, and two anti-thyroid antibodies. Each parameter was measured by means of a single specific RIA.ResultsChanges between the first trimester and later stages of pregnancy of all biochemical variables studied corresponded with those described for other European areas with a comparable iodine nutrition. Using the urinary iodine concentration value as an indicator of iodine ingestion, it was found that in the first trimester of pregnancy six out of ten women from Extremadura ingested less than the currently recommended amount (250 μg I/day), and approximately three out of ten of these women ingested less than half of this amount.ConclusionsIt is imperative to implement in all Extremadura the generalized and controlled use of complements that contain 200–250 μg I/day throughout pregnancy and, if possible, before.

INDIREKTE PAPIERCHROMATOGRAPHISCHE METHODE ZUR BESTIMMUNG DER HARNOESTROGENE

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kecskés ◽  
F. Mutschler ◽  
I. Glós ◽  
E. Thán ◽  
I. Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Granulosa Cell ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
List Type ◽  
Granulosa Cell Tumour ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Phenol Fraction ◽  
Qualitative Determination

ABSTRACT 1. An indirect paperchromatographic method is described for separating urinary oestrogens; this consists of the following steps: acidic hydrolysis, extraction with ether, dissociation of phenol-fractions with partition between the solvents. Previous purification of phenol fraction with the aid of paperchromatography. The elution of oestrogen containing fractions is followed by acetylation. Oestrogen acetate is isolated by re-chromatography. The chromatogram was developed after hydrolysis of the oestrogens 'in situ' on the paper. The quantity of oestrogens was determined indirectly, by means of an iron-reaction, after the elution of the iron content of the oestrogen spot, which was developed by the Jellinek-reaction. 2. The method described above is satisfactory for determining urinary oestrogen, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol, but could include 16-epioestriol and other oestrogenic metabolites. 3. The sensitivity of the method is 1.3–1.6 μg/24 hours. 4. The quantitative and qualitative determination of urinary oestrogens with the above mentioned method was performed in 50 pregnant and 9 non pregnant women, and also in 2 patients with granulosa cell tumour.

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