scholarly journals Metamaterial-based high efficiency portable sensor application for determining branded and unbranded fuel oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ali Tümkaya ◽  
Muharrem Karaaslan ◽  
Cumali Sabah
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Sensor Application ◽  
Portable Sensor

Enhancing Gas Turbine Operation With Heavy Fuel Oil

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Muralidharan ◽  
Matthieu Vierling
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Hydro Power

Power generation in south Asia has witnessed a steep fall due to the shortage of natural gas supplies for power plants and poor water storage in reservoirs for low hydro power generation. Due to the current economic scenario, there is worldwide pressure to secure and make more gas and oil available to support global power needs. With constrained fuel sources and increasing environmental focus, the quest for higher efficiency would be imminent. Natural gas combined cycle plants operate at a very high efficiency, increasing the demand for gas. At the same time, countries may continue to look for alternate fuels such as coal and liquid fuels, including crude and residual oil, to increase energy stability and security. In over the past few decades, the technology for refining crude oil has gone through a significant transformation. With the advanced refining process, there are additional lighter distillates produced from crude that could significantly change the quality of residual oil used for producing heavy fuel. Using poor quality residual fuel in a gas turbine to generate power could have many challenges with regards to availability and efficiency of a gas turbine. The fuel needs to be treated prior to combustion and needs a frequent turbine cleaning to recover the lost performance due to fouling. This paper will discuss GE’s recently developed gas turbine features, including automatic water wash, smart cooldown and model based control (MBC) firing temperature control. These features could significantly increase availability and improve the average performance of heavy fuel oil (HFO). The duration of the gas turbine offline water wash sequence and the rate of output degradation due to fouling can be considerably reduced.

scholarly journals Effects of Marine Exhaust Gas Scrubbers on Gas and Particle Emissions

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hulda Winnes ◽  
Erik Fridell ◽  
Jana Moldanová
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Marine Fuel ◽  
Particle Emissions ◽  
Conducted Emission ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Engine Power

There is an increase in installations of exhaust gas scrubbers on ships following international regulations on sulphur content in marine fuel from 2020. We have conducted emission measurements on a four-stroke marine engine using low sulphur fuel oil (LSFO) and heavy fuel oil (HFO) at different steady state engine loads. For the HFO the exhaust was probed upstream and downstream of an exhaust gas scrubber. While sulphur dioxide was removed with high efficiency in the scrubber, the measurements of particle emissions indicate lower emissions at the use of LSFO than downstream of the scrubber. The scrubber removes between 32% and 43% of the particle mass from the exhaust at the HFO tests upstream and downstream of the scrubber, but levels equivalent to those in LSFO exhaust are not reached. Decreases in the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH-16) and particulate matter as black carbon, organic carbon and elemental carbon, over the scrubber were observed for a majority of the trials, although emissions at LSFO use were consistently lower at comparable engine power.

Viscosity Effects of Spray Characteristics in Air-Blast Atomizer

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Chiu Hsu ◽  
S.I. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Radial Distance ◽  
Inertial Force ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Atomization Characteristics

Coal is currently the most widely used and most abundant fossil fuel in the world. It is primarily used for generating electricity at power plants. However, due to problems of pollution and energy consumption, importance has been placed on the development of clean coal technology. Coal-water slurry (CWS), consisting of fine coal and water mixture, is a liquid fuel used to replace heavy fuel oil for boilers and entrained flow gasifiers. Since CWS is a liquid with high viscosity and regular atomizing burners are designed for the use of fossil fuels with low viscosity, it is necessary to design high efficiency atomizing burners specific for CWS. As viscosity is a key factor for atomization characteristics, we used silicon oils of different viscosity as the testing liquids, to study the effect of different atomization parameters on the atomization characteristics. Our results show that, when the gas to liquid ratio (GLR) is high, the existing particle velocity at the central axis is lower than low GLR condition; likewise, the velocity at radial positions is higher of the high-viscosity case. The velocity also increases as the radial distance further increases away from the axis. And decrease as the GLR increases. On the other hand, the distribution of the velocities does not change after the radial distance reaches a certain limit. This limit decreases as the axial length increases. Increasing viscosity increases the inertial force of the liquid fluid, so the momentum of the atomization gas needs to be increased for it to generate enough shear stress on the fluid and to enhance the atomization characteristics.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Upgrading of a Biodetergent for Application in the Industrial Energy Sector

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 463
Author(s):  
Charles Bronzo B. Farias ◽  
Rita de Cássia F. Soares da Silva ◽  
Fabíola Carolina G. Almeida ◽  
Attilio Converti ◽  
Valdemir A. dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Stirring Time

In the industries across the petroleum chain and those involved in energy generation, the use of petroderivatives as fuel oils is common. To clean parts, equipment and environments contaminated by hydrocarbons, they use expensive, toxic products, bringing risks to the environment as well as to workers’ health. Thus, the aim of this study was to check the stability of a biodetergent prepared using atoxic substances for large-scale production and industrial energy sector application. The relationship between volume (4 to 10 L) and stirring time (5 to 10 min) of the formulation at 3200 rpm and 80 °C was evaluated. The hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB), long-term stability (365 days), toxicity and efficiency of low-sulfur, viscous fuel oil removal from metal pieces and floors were investigated. The interaction among operating conditions was shown to influence the features of the product, which achieved approximately 100% stability after a stirring time of 7 min. The emulsion HBL index varied between 4.3 and 11.0. The biodetergent maintained its physicochemical properties during its 365 days of storage and showed high efficiency, removing 100% of the OCB1 impregnated on the metallic surfaces and floors tested. The formulation showed reliability in scale up when submitted to the study of physicochemical factors in the productive process, and safe application, by reducing risks for workers’ health and environment.

Fuel Flexibility of the Alstom GT13E2 Medium Sized Gas Turbine

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Do¨bbeling ◽  
Thiemo Meeuwissen ◽  
Martin Zajadatz ◽  
Peter Flohr
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Flame Stability ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Fuel Staging ◽  
Wobbe Index

Today’s power generation markets require considerable flexibility in terms of type and quality of fuels. However, this must be with low emissions, high reliability and high efficiency. In more than 100 installations worldwide the Alstom GT13E2 is in use with a wide variety of fuels. Fuel flexibility is the ability to burn natural gas fuels with a wide Wobbe index range which also allows the use of fuel preheaters (to increase efficiency) as well as the ability to use fuel oil as back up or main fuel. The paper will show the allowable Wobbe index range and higher hydrocarbon effects on gas turbine combustion and the field experience gained. Specific design features implemented in the GT13E2 ensure reliable and environmental friendly operation with varying fuels. Those are: 1.) an almost entirely convectively cooled combustor with only a small amount of film cooling. 2.) the use of premix burners which are stabilized by an aerodynamically induced recirculation at the centerline and a separately controlled pilot fuel injection. 3.) an adaptive fuel staging that monitors the flame stability by pulsation measurements and adjusts the fuel staging in the combustor such that the flame is always stable but not overly rich. This results in better NOx control under varying operating conditions due to the closed-loop controlled flame stability.

Low NOx, High Efficiency Multistaged Burner: Fuel Oil Results

JAPCA ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1162-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Mulholland ◽  
Ravi K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Oil

Poly-Generation Using Biogas From Agricultural Wastes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Welch
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Distributed Power

Abstract Across the world, many people, especially in rural communities, still lack access to secure, affordable electricity supplies. Many countries also lack or have under-developed indigenous fossil fuel resources, or rely on environmentally unfriendly fuels such as coal or Heavy Fuel Oil. Many under-developed regions though are blessed with considerable agricultural resources, and well-suited to Distributed Power Generation, where smaller decentralized power plants are located close to the actual energy consumers. Distributed Power eliminates the need for an electricity transmission grid, or reduces the investment costs necessary to strengthen the grid system, and helps ensure stable, secure electricity to support local economic growth. Agricultural wastes can be used as a locally available feedstock to produce the energy required to electrify regions and stimulate economic growth. This paper examines the benefits of applying Poly-generation — the production of multiple products at a single location — and examines a proposed bio-refinery scheme to produce ethanol from agricultural waste. The ethanol production process produces a waste biogas, which can then be used in a high efficiency Cogeneration (or Combined Heat and Power) plant as a fuel for gas turbines to generate electricity and steam (heat), not just for the bio-refinery but also local industry and businesses. By creating a high value product (ethanol) along with a free fuel, the bio-refinery acts as an anchor plant to provide reliable, affordable electricity to the local community. As well as providing economic benefits, such a concept has multiple environmental benefits as regions and nations try to combine growth in energy demand with reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions: agricultural residues that would otherwise have decayed emitting methane and CO2 into the atmosphere are used to create a high value product in ethanol, while using the biogas as a fuel displaces combustion of fossil fuels, reducing both combustion emissions and those associated with transportation of the fuel to the point of use.

Synthesis of novel magnetic ionic liquids as high efficiency catalysts for extraction-catalytic oxidative desulfurization in fuel oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (48) ◽  
pp. 19232-19241
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Wen-hui Yu ◽  
Tan-xiangning Li ◽  
Yu-ting Wang ◽  
Jun-jun Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Magnetic Ionic Liquids ◽  
Deep Desulfurization ◽  
Catalytic Oxidative Desulfurization

Deep desulfurization of magnetic ionic liquids [C4(mim)2]Cl2/2FeCl3.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes-Titania Nanomaterial for Desulfurization of Model Fuel

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfik A. Saleh ◽  
Mohammad N. Siddiqui ◽  
Abdulrahman A. Al-Arfaj
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Adsorptive Desulfurization ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Model Fuel

This work reported on the development of novel nanomaterials of multiwalled carbon nanotubes doped with titania (CNT/TiO2) for the adsorptive desulfurization of model fuel oils. Various analytical techniques such as field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used for the characterization of the nanomaterials. The initial results indicated the effectiveness of the prepared CNT/TiO2nanomaterials in removing sulfur compounds from model fuel oil. The adsorption of DBT, BT, and thiophene from model fuel onto the derived sorbents was performed using batch mode system. These CNT/TiO2nanomaterials initially afforded approximately 45% removal of DBT, 55% BT, and more than 65% thiophene compounds from model fuels. The CNT/TiO2nanomaterials provided an excellent activity towards interaction with organosulfur compounds. More experiments are underway to optimize the parameters for the adsorptive desulfurization processes. We believe that these nanomaterials as adsorbents will find useful applications in petroleum industry because of their operational simplicity, high efficiency, and high capacity.

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