scholarly journals Formal self duality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Kölsch ◽  
Robert Schüler
Keyword(s):  
Boolean Function ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Dual Codes ◽  
Finite Abelian Groups ◽  
Self Duality ◽  
Vectorial Boolean Function ◽  
Formal Duality ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Function Mapping

AbstractWe study the notion of formal self duality in finite abelian groups. Formal duality in finite abelian groups has been proposed by Cohn, Kumar, Reiher and Schürmann. In this paper we give a precise definition of formally self dual sets and discuss results from the literature in this perspective. Also, we discuss the connection to formally dual codes. We prove that formally self dual sets can be reduced to primitive formally self dual sets similar to a previously known result on general formally dual sets. Furthermore, we describe several properties of formally self dual sets. Also, some new examples of formally self dual sets are presented within this paper. Lastly, we study formally self dual sets of the form $\{(x,F(x)) \ : \ x\in {\mathbb {F}}_{2^{n}}\}$ { ( x , F ( x ) ) : x ∈ F 2 n } where F is a vectorial Boolean function mapping ${\mathbb {F}}_{2^{n}}$ F 2 n to ${\mathbb {F}}_{2^{n}}$ F 2 n .

scholarly journals Formal duality in finite abelian groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 354-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuxing Li ◽  
Alexander Pott ◽  
Robert Schüler
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Finite Abelian Groups ◽  
Formal Duality

Initial Polymerization Sites Indicated During Mitochondrial Oxidation of Diaminobenzidine after Toluene Treatment

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
W. A. Shannon ◽  
M. A. Matlib
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Cytochemical Localization ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Exogenous Substrates

Numerous studies have dealt with the cytochemical localization of cytochrome oxidase via cytochrome c. More recent studies have dealt with indicating initial foci of this reaction by altering incubation pH (1) or postosmication procedure (2,3). The following study is an attempt to locate such foci by altering membrane permeability. It is thought that such alterations within the limits of maintaining morphological integrity of the membranes will ease the entry of exogenous substrates resulting in a much quicker oxidation and subsequently a more precise definition of the oxidative reaction.The diaminobenzidine (DAB) method of Seligman et al. (4) was used. Minced pieces of rat liver were incubated for 1 hr following toluene treatment (5,6). Experimental variations consisted of incubating fixed or unfixed tissues treated with toluene and unfixed tissues treated with toluene and subsequently fixed.

Authentic Culinary Tourism Experiences: The Perspectives of Locals

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Culinary Tourism ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Napa Valley ◽  
Definition Of

Culinary experiences have long been an important aspect of tourism. For many destinations, culinary offerings have become ubiquitous with the place – pasta in Italy, wine in the Loire- or Napa Valley, or curry in India. As tourists increasingly seek out authentic touristic experiences, including culinary experiences, the question arises regarding what constitutes an authentic culinary experience in a place. While authentic and authenticity are terms widely used in the tourism literature, a precise definition of what those terms mean and a method for identifying that which is authentic remains elusive. Research regarding authenticity in tourism suggests that locals occupy a ‘place of privilege’ with respect to determining the authenticity of a touristic experience because of their connection to and context in relation to the place. This paper examines the perspectives of Prince Edward Island (PEI) residents with respect to what constitutes an authentic culinary touristic experience in which visitors to Canada’s smallest province can partake and that provide those visitors with a glimpse of what life in PEI is or was really like, and provides a voice for an underrepresented group in the authenticity discourse. Results show that authentic culinary experiences transcend food, and encompass people, places, and experiences in ways that enrich touristic endeavours, and that locals understand and interpret authenticity in ways that both conform to and differ from existing scholarly work related to tourism authenticity, and span objective, existential, and constructive authenticity.

Two Theories of Effective Government

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lindvall
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter introduces the problem of “reform capacity” (the ability of political decision-makers to adopt and implement policy changes that benefit society as a whole, by adjusting public policies to changing economic, social, and political circumstances). The chapter also reviews the long-standing discussion in political science about the relationship between political institutions and effective government. Furthermore, the chapter explains why the possibility of compensation matters greatly for the politics of reform; provides a precise definition of the concept of reform capacity; describes the book's general approach to this problem; and discusses the ethics of compensating losers from reform; and presents the book's methodological approach.

scholarly journals A lattice-theoretic characterization of pure subgroups of Abelian groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ferrara ◽  
M. Trombetti
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Subgroup Lattice ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Theoretic Characterization ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractLet G be an abelian group. The aim of this short paper is to describe a way to identify pure subgroups H of G by looking only at how the subgroup lattice $$\mathcal {L}(H)$$ L ( H ) embeds in $$\mathcal {L}(G)$$ L ( G ) . It is worth noticing that all results are carried out in a local nilpotent context for a general definition of purity.

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