Flame-Retardant and Wear Comfort Properties of Modacrylic/FR-Rayon/Anti-static PET Blend Yarns and Their Woven Fabrics for Clothing

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1869-1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Ah Kim ◽  
Seung Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Wear Comfort

Tactile hand and wear comfort of flame-retardant rayon/anti-static polyethylene terephthalate imbedded woven fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4658-4669
Author(s):  
Hyun Ah Kim
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Bending Rigidity ◽  
Wear Comfort ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Thermal Wear ◽  
Lower Heat ◽  
Subject Experiment

This study examined the thermal wear comfort of clothing made from flame-retardant (FR) rayon- and cotton-blended fabric using a thermal manikin and wearer trials. In addition, the tactile hand property of the FR rayon-blended fabric was predicted and compared with that of the cotton-blended one using the Fabric Assurance Simple Testing system. The FR rayon-blended fabric exhibited a lower heat insulation rate than that of the cotton-blended one in the thermal manikin experiment and lower microclimate humidity during 40 min walking in the human subject experiment. The FR rayon-blended fabric was more extensible than the cotton-blended one, with a lower bending rigidity and shear modulus. This study showed that FR rayon-blended fabric has better thermal wear comfort and a superior tactile hand feel compared with the cotton-blended one, without any significant difference of pilling compared to the cotton-blended modacrylic one.

Convenient blending of alginate fibers with polyamide fibers for flame-retardant non-woven fabrics

Cellulose ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 8341-8349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Qi Zhang ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Ying-Jun Xu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Polyamide Fibers ◽  
Alginate Fibers

scholarly journals Improved Thermal Processing of Polylactic Acid/Oxidized Starch Composites and Flame-Retardant Behavior of Intumescent Non-Wovens

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maqsood ◽  
Gunnar Seide
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Sodium Perborate ◽  
Native Starch ◽  
Oxidized Starch ◽  
Melt Spun

Thermoplastic processing and spinning of native starch is very challenging due to (a) the linear and branched polymers (amylose and amylopectin) present in its structure and (b) the presence of inter-and-intramolecular hydrogen bond linkages in its macromolecules that restrict the molecular chain mobility. Therefore, in this study, oxidized starch (OS) (obtained after oxidation of native starch with sodium perborate) was melt-blended with polylactic acid (PLA) polymer to prepare PLA/OS blends that were then mixed together with ammonium polyphosphate (APP), a halogen-free flame retardant (FR) used as acid donor in intumescent formulations on twin-screw extruder to prepare PLA/OS/APP composites. OS with different concentrations also served as bio-based carbonic source in intumescent formulations. PLA/OS/APP composites were melt spun to multifilament fibers on pilot scale melt-spinning machine and their crystallinity and mechanical properties were optimized by varying spinning parameters. The crystallinity of the fibers was studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermal stabilities were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the surface morphology and dispersion of the additives in the fibers. Needle-punched non-woven fabrics from as prepared melt-spun PLA/OS/APP fibers were developed and their fire properties such as heat release rate, total heat release, time to ignition, residual mass % etc. by cone calorimetry test were measured. It was found that PLA/OS/APP composites can be melt spun to multifilament fibers and non-woven flame-retardant fabrics produced thereof can be used in industrial FR applications.

scholarly journals Ultraviolet Protection by Fabric Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Annika Singh
Keyword(s):  
Areal Density ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Ultraviolet Protection Factor ◽  
Wear Comfort ◽  
Ultraviolet Protection ◽  
Multifilament Yarns ◽  
Fabric Structures

Background. The increasing emission of greenhouse gases has evoked the human being to save the ozone layer and minimize the risk of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Various fabric structures have been explored to achieve desired ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) in various situations. Objective. In this study, the effect of various filament configurations like twisted, flat, intermingled, and textured in multifilament yarns on fabric in different combinations is assessed in order to engineer a fabric of better ultraviolet protection factor (UPF). Methods. In order to engineer a fabric having optimum UV protection with sufficient comfort level in multifilament woven fabrics, four different yarn configurations, intermingled, textured, twisted, and flat, were used to develop twelve different fabric samples. The most UV absorbing and most demanding fibre polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was considered in different filament configuration. Results. The combinations of intermingled warp with flat, intermingled, and textured weft provided excellent UVR protection comparatively at about 22.5 mg/cm2 fabric areal density. The presence of twisted yarn reduced the UV protection due to enhanced openness in fabric structure. Conclusion. The appropriate combination of warp and weft threads of different configuration should be selected judiciously in order to extract maximum UV protection and wear comfort attributes in multifilament woven PET fabrics.

scholarly journals Effect of Zinc Borate on Flammability of PET Woven Fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa E. Üreyen ◽  
Elif Kaynak
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Zinc Borate ◽  
Limit Oxygen Index ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Submicron Scale

Zinc borate (ZnB) has been used as a flame retardant, a smoke suppressant, and an antitracking agent in several applications. It may show synergistic effects with antimony oxide and metal hydroxides in fire retardant systems. In this work, the effect of ZnB on the flame retardancy of PET (poly(ethylene terephthalate)) woven fabrics was investigated. In order to provide the homogenous application of ZnB to the fabrics, the particle size of ZnB powders was reduced from 9 μm to submicron scale by wet-milling with zirconia balls followed by high shear fluid processing. ZnB dispersion was mixed with low-formaldehyde melamine resin based cross-linking agent and it was applied to PET fabrics by pad dry cure method. ZnB dispersion was then added in different ratios to alkyl phosphonate and organophosphorus compound based commercial flame retardant finishing agents and applied to the fabrics. The effect of zinc borate with phosphorus based flame retardant (FR) finishing agents was examined by cone calorimetry under a heat flux of 35 kW/m2, vertical flame test, and limit oxygen index. Thermogravimetric analysis was performed up to 800°C under N2 flow. Test results show that zinc borate can be combined with the organophosphorus based commercial FR finishing agents. Zinc borate could not improve the flammability properties of PET fabrics significantly but decreased mean CO, total smoke release, and total smoke production values.

scholarly journals Moisture Vapor Permeability and Thermal Wear Comfort of Ecofriendly Fiber-Embedded Woven Fabrics for High-Performance Clothing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6205
Author(s):  
Hyun-Ah Kim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Measuring Methods ◽  
Wear Comfort ◽  
Thermal Wear ◽  
Moisture Vapor ◽  
Yarn Structure

This study examined the moisture vapor permeability and thermal wear comfort of ecofriendly fiber-embedded woven fabrics in terms of the yarn structure and the constituent fiber characteristics according to two measuring methods. The moisture vapor permeability measured using the upright cup (CaCl2) method (JIS L 1099A-1) was primarily dependent on the hygroscopicity of the ecofriendly constituent fibers in the yarns and partly influenced by the pore size in the fabric because of the yarn structure. On the other hand, the moisture vapor resistance measured using the sweating guarded hot plate method (ISO 11092) was governed mainly by the fabric pore size and partly by the hygroscopicity of the constituent ecofriendly fibers. The difference between the two measuring methods was attributed to the different mechanisms in the measuring method. The thermal conductivity as a measure of the thermal wear comfort of the composite yarn fabrics was governed primarily by the pore size in the fabric and partly by the thermal characteristics of the constituent fibers in the yarns. Lastly, considering market applications, the Coolmax®/Tencel sheath/core fabric appears useful for winter warm feeling clothing because of its the good breathability with low thermal conductivity. The bamboo and Coolmax®/bamboo fabrics are suitable for summer clothing with a cool feel because of their high thermal conductivity with good breathability. Overall, ecofriendly fibers (bamboo and Tencel) are of practical use for marketing environmentallyfriendly high-performance clothing.

Wear comfort properties of ZrC/Al2O3/graphite-embedded, heat-storage woven fabrics for garments

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 1394-1407
Author(s):  
Hyun Ah Kim ◽  
Seung Jin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Heat Emission ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Wear Comfort ◽  
Fabric Surface ◽  
Good Heat

This study examined the different wear comfort properties of ZrC/graphite and Al2O3/graphite-embedded, heat-storage woven fabrics. ZrC/graphite and Al2O3/graphite-embedded, heat-storage polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filaments were spun on the pilot spinning equipment. The various wear comfort properties of the ceramic-embedded fabrics made from ZrC/graphite and Al2O3/graphite-embedded filaments were measured and compared with those of the regular PET/polyamide (PA) woven fabric. Surface temperatures of the ZrC/graphite and Al2O3/graphite-embedded fabrics, when irradiated by the light of a heat-emission bulb, were 5.1℃ and 8.4℃ higher than that of the regular PET/PA fabric, respectively. The water-absorption rate of the ceramic-embedded fabrics was 5 and 14 times higher than that of the regular PET/PA fabric, respectively. The breathability by the water vapor resistance ( Ref) of the ZrC/graphite-embedded fabric was superior to that of the regular PET/PA fabric. The heat-retention rates of the ceramic-embedded fabrics were more than two times higher than that of regular PET/PA fabrics. Furthermore, the Clo value of the ZrC/graphite-embedded fabric by the thermal manikin experiment was more than 10% higher than that of the Al2O3/graphite and regular PET/PA fabrics. The skin and microclimate temperatures of the ZrC/graphite-embedded fabrics during the wearer trial were higher than those of the Al2O3/graphite and regular PET/PA fabrics, which revealed the good heat-storage and -release properties of the ZrC/graphite-embedded fabric. However, the Al2O3 particles embedded in the yarns were assumed to give a unpleasant tactile effects.

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