Instrumentation for Measuring the Wet Frictional Property of Sanitary Pads

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-223
Author(s):  
Ka-Po Maggie Tang ◽  
Ching-Hei Li ◽  
Chi-Wai Kan
Keyword(s):  
Frictional Property ◽  
Sanitary Pads

Problems and Practice of Management on Menstruation by Adolescents Girls of Basic Schools of Chitwan, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Sudha Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Current Practice ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Community Schools ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Sanitary Pads

Managing menstruation in a hygienic way is a challenge in most of the low and middle-income countries (LMIC) including Nepal, where normal and natural physiological process of menstruation is considered as girls’ problem which is viewed as sinful, unholy and matter of shame. This paper explores the current practice and existing difficulties that adolescents girls encounter hygienic management of menstruation (MHM) especially during school days. The study was conducted on five purposively selected community schools of Chitwan district. The study adopted Participatory Action Research (PAR) as an approach, that is encapsulated with mixed method research design. For qualitative information observation, focus group discussions (FGD) and field notes were used, whereas for quantitative data self-administrative questionnaires were used. Quantitative information was collected from 205 girls students who were present at schools on the day of data collection. The finding shows that majority of the girls (93.7%) who encounter hygienic management of menstruation were of 10-14 years old age, whereas nearly one third of them were (29%) from grade eight. Similarly, among the total 205 girls, only 79 girls have already started their menstruation; among those who have started menstruation majority (78%) had heard about menstruation form their mothers. Likewise, 35% girls used homemade cotton pads and 40.5% of them changed pad three times a day. During FGD, adolescents girls shared that lack of water and soap in toilets, stress and lack of concentration during menstruation are the major difficulties which they encounter during days of menstruation. They suggested the concerned authorities to manage pad bank, make soap and water available, and develop skills for proper disposing of used sanitary pads for MHM at schools. 

scholarly journals Understanding Period Poverty: Socio-Economic Inequalities in Menstrual Hygiene Management in Eight Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2571
Author(s):  
Laura Rossouw ◽  
Hana Ross
Keyword(s):  
Decomposition Methods ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene Management ◽  
Hygiene Management ◽  
Menstrual Health ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
Unequal Access

Menstrual hygiene management and health is increasingly gaining policy importance in a bid to promote dignity, gender equality and reproductive health. Effective and adequate menstrual hygiene management requires women and girls to have access to their menstrual health materials and products of choice, but also extends into having private, clean and safe spaces for using these materials. The paper provides empirical evidence of the inequality in menstrual hygiene management in Kinshasa (DRC), Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Rajasthan (India), Indonesia, Nigeria and Uganda using concentration indices and decomposition methods. There is consistent evidence of wealth-related inequality in the conditions of menstrual hygiene management spaces as well as access to sanitary pads across all countries. Wealth, education, the rural-urban divide and infrastructural limitations of the household are major contributors to these inequalities. While wealth is identified as one of the key drivers of unequal access to menstrual hygiene management, other socio-economic, environmental and household factors require urgent policy attention. This specifically includes the lack of safe MHM spaces which threaten the health and dignity of women and girls.

Menstrual Hygiene Practices of Adolescent Girls in Rural Maharashtra

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Sumit Aggarwal ◽  
Deepti Ambalkar ◽  
Jayaprakasam Madhumathi ◽  
Vijay Badge ◽  
Arun Humne
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Knowledge Dissemination ◽  
Personal Interview ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Sanitary Products ◽  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
The Right

Menstrual practices of adolescent girls in rural parts of India are greatly influenced by taboos and socio-cultural beliefs. In this study, the menstrual hygiene practices and beliefs of 122 adolescent girls between the ages of 13 and 19 years from rural Maharashtra were evaluated by personal interview and questionnaires. None of the girls had the right scientific knowledge about menstruation and were isolated during menstruation. They used cloth or home-made sanitary pads and were at risk of infections. There is a dire need for knowledge dissemination among school children and their families, increased awareness of menstrual hygiene and access to the requisite sanitary products in rural areas.

Comparative Study of Satisfaction and Acceptability between Using Menstrual Cup versus Sanitary Pads in Health Care Personnel: A Randomized Crossover Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Health Care Personnel ◽  
The Past ◽  
Randomized Crossover Trial ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hcp Materials ◽  
Group A ◽  
Sanitary Pads

Background: In the past decade, menstrual cups (MC) have become increasingly popular in many countries but there was no previous reporting on MC usage in Thailand. Objective: To evaluate and compare the satisfaction and acceptability of using MC and sanitary pads (SP) in health care personnel (HCP). Materials and Methods: Participants were HCP in Bhumibol Adulyadej Hospital who were willing to participate in the study between October 2019 and March 2020. They were randomly assigned into groups A and B. During the first three cycles of menstruation, participants in group A and B used SP and MC, respectively. In the later three cycles of menstruation, they were switched from SP to MC and vice versa. The demographic and menstrual characteristics were recorded. Satisfaction was evaluated by using the five-point Likert scale. Acceptability of MC usage was recorded on the sixth cycle questionnaire. Results: Ninety-eight HCP were recruited and equally divided into two groups (A and B). Acceptability for MC was significantly lower than SP (89 versus 100 percent, respectively). Participants who had regular sexual intercourse had more acceptability with MC than those who had no regular intercourse (98.4 versus 68.7 percent, respectively). Participants reported more significant satisfaction for MC than SP in terms of leakage prevention, cleaning, odor prevention, land activity, daily activity, comfortable sleep, and overall satisfaction. Contact dermatitis associated with MC was less than with SP with a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Acceptability for MC was lower than SP. MC’s acceptability was preferred among HCPs with regular sexual intercourse. MC had higher satisfaction and less side effects than SP. Keywords: Acceptability, Menstrual cup, Menstruation, Sanitary pads, Satisfaction

scholarly journals Sanitary pads and diapers contain higher phthalate contents than those in common commercial plastic products

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Jin Park ◽  
Radwa Barakat ◽  
Alexander Ulanov ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
Po-Ching Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sanitary Pads ◽  
Plastic Products

scholarly journals An epidemiological study of menstrual hygiene practices in school going adolescent girls from urban slums of Nalgonda, Telangana

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Jyothi Veleshala ◽  
Varun M. Malhotra ◽  
Suresh J. Thomas ◽  
Kondagunta Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Female Teacher ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
School Girls ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sanitary Pads

Background: Reproductive health of adolescent girls is crucial as it determines the health of future generations. School girls when experiencing menarche find themselves in a setting without water, toilets or a supportive female teacher to explain the changes happening in their body. Hence, the present study was conducted to assess knowledge and practices about menstruation in adolescent school girls of an urban slum and to find some socio-demographic determinants of menstrual hygiene.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among 6th to 10th class school going adolescent girls from an urban slum of Telangana state. A total of 300 girls participated.Results: The mean age of the students was 11.9±3.3 years. The mean age at menarche was 13.09 (95% CI: 12.07–14.11). 25.3% had acquired prior knowledge about attaining menarche. For majority (74.2%) the knowledge was imparted by their mothers. 96.9% of school girls used sanitary pads. Significant association observed between educational status and employment status of mother and usage of sanitary pads by respondent. Almost 90% of the young women faced physical complaints or health problems during menstruation. Majority (94.3%) had religious restrictions on them during the menstruation.Conclusions: Menstrual hygiene is an issue which needs to be addressed to all adolescents, with special emphasis in slum area. Lack of awareness is a roadblock in adopting safe and hygienic menstrual practices. More emphasis should be given on improving adolescent literacy for achieving hygienic menstrual practices.

Clearance and Dry Friction Study in a Nonlinear Torsional Vibration of a Rotating Machinery

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Mizutani ◽  
Hossain Md. Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Torsional Vibration ◽  
Dry Friction ◽  
Friction Torque ◽  
Frictional Property ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Spring Stiffness ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Friction Models ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Friction Study

Abstract Clearance problem in coupling is often experienced in a rotary torsional vibration system. We tried to analyze the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of torsional vibration by modeling the bilinear spring stiffness with changing friction torque. Symmetric and asymmetric spring stiffness with friction models are developed to investigate the behavioral characteristics of the system for simulations and experiments. The frequency response curves and time response curves with external sinusoidal excitation are observed by several non-dimensional numerical simulations. The thoroughly experiments are done to understand the actual phenomena of torsional vibration, verification of models and adjustability of simulations. The frictional property considered as dry friction in coupling is found very significant parameter to reduce the vibration within a tolerable range in both of the simulations and experiments. The difference between the results getting from simulations and experiments are also demonstrated in this paper elaborately.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document