Bone diagenesis in the loess deposits of Central Europe: the Celtic site of Radovesice in Bohemia

<p>In this work, we present different aspects of the mineral dust cycle dynamics and the linkage to loess deposits during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Europe. To this aim, we simulate the LGM dust cycle at high resolution using a regional climate-dust model. The simulated dust deposition rates are found to be comparable with the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits determined from Loess sites across Europe. In contrast to the present-day prevailing westerlies, easterly wind directions (36&#8201;%) and cyclonic regimes (22&#8201;%) were dominant circulation patterns over central Europe during the LGM. This supports the hypothesis that recurring east sector winds, dynamically linked with a high-pressure system over the Eurasian ice sheet (EIS), are an important component for the dust transport from the EIS margins towards the central Europe loess belt. Our simulations reveal the occurrence of highest dust emission rates in Europe during summer and autumn, with the highest emission rates located near the southernmost EIS margins corresponding to the present-day German-Polish border region. Coherent with the persistent easterlies, westwards running dust plumes resulted in high deposition rates in western Poland, northern Czechia, the Netherlands, the southern North Sea region and on the North German Plain including adjacent regions in central Germany. Further, a detailed analysis of the characteristics of LGM cyclones shows that they were associated with higher wind speeds and less precipitation than their present-day counterparts. These findings highlight the importance of rapid and cyclic depositions by cyclones for the LGM dust cycle. The agreement between the simulated deposition rates and the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits corroborates the proposed LGM dust cycle hypothesis for Europe.</p>

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Tracking potential source areas of Central European loess: examples from Tokaj (HU), Nussloch (D) and Grub (AT)

Open Geosciences ◽

10.1515/geo-2015-0048 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ann-Kathrin Schatz ◽

Yue Qi ◽

Wolfgang Siebel ◽

Jiade Wu ◽

Ludwig Zöller

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

River Sediments ◽

Danube River ◽

Source Rocks ◽

Rhine River ◽

Sediment Sources ◽

Quantitative Evidence ◽

Potential Source ◽

Loess Deposits ◽

Floodplain Sediments

AbstractThere are several competing hypotheses for the origin of loess in Europe but quantitative evidence is still rare. Here, Sr-Nd isotopic and bulk elemental composition of loess from Marine Isotope Stages 2 and 3 from three study regions in Central Europe – Nussloch (Germany), Grub (Austria) and Tokaj (Hungary) - are analyzed. This study aims at examining differences and similarities of loess deposits throughout Europe, correlating loess with potential source rocks from major mountain ranges and comparing loess with floodplain sediments from main rivers as integrated samples of the drainage areas. The results show that European loess deposits are largely uniform and that sediment sources have been rather stable in the Southern and Eastern parts of Central Europe and more variable in West Central Europe. However, the methods used are not sufficient to unequivocally confirm and reject potential sediment sources but, in combination, help to identify the most likely sediment origins. While a direct correlation of loess and potential source rocks is dif- ficult, the comparison with floodplain sediments is most promising and confirms previous hypotheses. Loess from Tokaj and Grub is most likely a mix of material transported by the Danube River and sediments from the surrounding mountains. Rhine River sediments are probably the main source of loess at Nussloch.

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Linkage between dust cycle and loess of the Last Glacial Maximum in Europe

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-20-4969-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (8) ◽

pp. 4969-4986 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Erik Jan Schaffernicht ◽

Patrick Ludwig ◽

Yaping Shao

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Last Glacial Maximum ◽

Emission Rates ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Deposition Rates ◽

Loess Deposits ◽

The Last Glacial Maximum ◽

Mass Accumulation Rates ◽

Mass Accumulation ◽

The Last Glacial

Abstract. This article establishes a linkage between the mineral dust cycle and loess deposits during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Europe. To this aim, we simulate the LGM dust cycle at high resolution using a regional climate–dust model. The model-simulated dust deposition rates are found to be comparable with the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits determined from more than 70 sites. In contrast to the present-day prevailing westerlies, winds from northeast, east, and southeast (36 %) and cyclonic regimes (22 %) were found to prevail over central Europe during the LGM. This supports the hypothesis that the recurring east sector winds associated with a high-pressure system over the Eurasian ice sheet (EIS) dominated the dust transport from the EIS margins in eastern and central Europe. The highest dust emission rates in Europe occurred in summer and autumn. Almost all dust was emitted from the zone between the Alps, the Black Sea, and the southern EIS margin. Within this zone, the highest emission rates were located near the southernmost EIS margins corresponding to the present-day German–Polish border region. Coherent with the persistent easterlies, westward-running dust plumes resulted in high deposition rates in western Poland, northern Czechia, the Netherlands, the southern North Sea region, and on the North German Plain including adjacent regions in central Germany. The agreement between the climate model simulations and the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits corroborates the proposed LGM dust cycle hypothesis for Europe.

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Linkage between Dust Cycle and Loess of the Last Glacial Maximum in Europe

10.5194/acp-2019-693 ◽

2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erik Jan Schaffernicht ◽

Patrick Ludwig ◽

Yaping Shao

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Last Glacial Maximum ◽

Emission Rates ◽

Accumulation Rates ◽

Deposition Rates ◽

Loess Deposits ◽

The Last Glacial Maximum ◽

Mass Accumulation Rates ◽

Mass Accumulation ◽

The Last Glacial

Abstract. This article establishes a linkage between the mineral dust cycle and loess deposits during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Europe. To this aim, we simulate the LGM dust cycle at high resolution using a regional climate-dust model. The model-simulated dust deposition rates are found to be comparable with the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits determined from more than 70 sites. In contrast to the present-day prevailing westerlies, winds from northeast, east and southeast (36 %) and cyclonic regimes (22 %) were found to prevail over central Europe during the LGM. This supports the hypothesis that the recurring east sector winds associated with a high-pressure system over the Eurasian ice sheet (EIS) dominated the dust transport from the EIS margins in eastern and central Europe. The highest dust emission rates in Europe occurred in summer and autumn. Almost all dust was emitted from the zone between the Alps, the Black Sea and the southern EIS margin. Within this zone, the highest emission rates were located near the southernmost EIS margins corresponding to the present-day German-Polish border region. Coherent with the persistent easterlies, westwards running dust plumes resulted in high deposition rates in western Poland, northern Czechia, the Netherlands, the southern North Sea region and on the North German Plain including adjacent regions in central Germany. The agreement between the climate model simulations and the mass accumulation rates of the loess deposits corroborates the proposed LGM dust cycle hypothesis for Europe.

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Dust flux estimates for the Last Glacial Period in East Central Europe based on terrestrial records of loess deposits: a review

Quaternary Science Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.07.005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 29 (23-24) ◽

pp. 3157-3166 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Gábor Újvári ◽

János Kovács ◽

György Varga ◽

Béla Raucsik ◽

Slobodan B. Marković

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Glacial Period ◽

Last Glacial Period ◽

East Central Europe ◽

East Central ◽

Last Glacial ◽

Dust Flux ◽

Loess Deposits ◽

The Last Glacial

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New exposure of loess deposits in Boyanychi (Ukraine) — Results of thermoluminescence analyses

Geochronometria ◽

10.2478/s13386-011-0054-1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 84-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jarosław Kusiak ◽

Maria Łanczont ◽

Andrij Bogucki

Keyword(s):

Central Europe ◽

Tl Dating ◽

Upper Pleistocene ◽

The Real ◽

Mineral Material ◽

Loess Deposits ◽

Local Variability

Abstract The loess site at Boynychi (the Volyn Upland) is of essential importance for the stratigraphy of Middle and Upper Pleistocene in Central Europe. The profile was recently dated by Fedorowicz and Prylypko in 2007 (parallel dating), and by Kusiak in 2009. The Upper Vistulian loesses are much thicker in the exposure from 2009 than in the earlier examined one (2007). The list of results obtained in the Gdańsk, Kiev and Lublin laboratories, respectively, can be divided in two. The first group contains the results obtained for the Horohiv and Korshiv pedocomplexes and for the loess from the penultimate glacial, which separates these pedocomplexes. The results from all laboratories are very similar and rather well describe the real age of dated deposits. The second group contains the widely differing results of dating of the Vistulian loesses. The TL ages obtained by Fedorowicz and Prylypko are considerably older than those obtained by Kusiak in the new exposure. The latter ones excellently correspond to the geologic-stratigraphic interpretation of the profile. Two incompatible series of TL dating results indicate that local variability of loess accumulation conditions in different stages of their formation may have resulted in incomplete luminescence zeroing of mineral material before deposition.

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