scholarly journals The Effect of Food Odor Exposure on Appetite and Nutritional Intake of Older Adults with Dementia

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Verwijs ◽  
O. van de Rest ◽  
G.-J. van der Putten ◽  
L. C. P. G. M. de Groot ◽  
Sanne Boesveldt
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Food Odor ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Odor Exposure

Abstract Objectives Dementia can lead to decreased appetite and nutritional intake. Food odor exposure has been shown to increase appetite and nutritional intake in young healthy adults. This study investigates the effect of food odor exposure on appetite, nutritional intake and body weight of Dutch nursing home residents with dementia. Design This was a one-armed, non-randomized, non-blinded intervention study consisting of a four-week control period followed by a twelve-week intervention period. Setting Four nursing homes in the Netherlands. Participants Forty-five nursing home residents with dementia. Intervention During the intervention period, odors were dispersed prior to the main meals. Measurements General and specific appetite for sweet and savory foods was measured weekly. Nutritional intake was measured once during the control period and three times during the intervention period through a 3-day food record. Body weight was assessed at the start and end of the control period and at the start, end and halfway the intervention period. Data were analyzed with linear mixed models. Results Small changes in general and specific appetite were observed after odor exposure. Overall energy intake did not change during the first four intervention weeks, but increased during the second and third (+118kcal/d, p=0.003 and +122kcal/d, p=0.004). Protein intake and body weight did not significantly change during the study. Conclusion In this study, no clinically relevant changes in appetite, nutritional intake and body weight were observed after food odor exposure. Future studies should assess the effect of natural food odors and/or meal-tailored odors on nutritional intake of older adults with dementia.

scholarly journals Design of the DYNAMO study: a multi-center randomized controlled trial to investigate the effect of pre-thickened oral nutritional supplements in nursing home residents with dysphagia and malnutrition (risk)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviënne A. L. Huppertz ◽  
Nick van Wijk ◽  
Laura W. J. Baijens ◽  
Lisette C. P. G. M. de Groot ◽  
Ruud J. G. Halfens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Nutritional Intake ◽  
Nutritional Care ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements

Abstract Background Oropharyngeal Dysphagia (OD) and malnutrition are frequently reported conditions in nursing home residents, and are often interrelated. Best care for dysphagic residents with, or at risk of, malnutrition should target adequate nutritional intake and the safety and efficacy of swallowing. The effect of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) suitable for nursing home residents with concurrent OD and malnutrition (risk) on nutritional status has not been investigated before. The current study aims to investigate the effect of daily use of a range of pre-thickened ONS on the body weight of nursing home residents with OD and malnutrition (risk) compared to standard OD and nutritional care. Methods / design The DYNAMO study is a randomized, controlled, multi-center, open label trial with two parallel groups. Study participants will be recruited in nursing homes of several care organizations in the south of the Netherlands. Study duration is 12 weeks. Residents in the control group will receive standard OD and nutritional care, and residents in the test group will receive standard OD and nutritional care with extra daily supplementation of pre-thickened ONS. The main outcome parameter is the difference in body weight change between the control and test groups. An a priori estimation of the required sample size per group (control / test) totals 78. Other outcome parameters are differences in: nutritional intake, health-related quality of life, OD-specific quality of life, activities of daily living, vital signs, and blood nutrient and metabolite levels. Discussion Regular ONS could address the nutritional needs of nursing home residents with malnutrition (risk), but might be too thin and unsafe for residents with OD. Pre-thickened ONS is suitable for residents with OD. It offers the advantage of being a ready-to-use amylase-resistant product available in several consistencies which are able to increase swallowing efficacy and safety. The DYNAMO study is the first to investigate the effects of pre-thickened ONS on nutritional status in nursing home residents with concurrent OD and malnutrition (risk). Trial registration Netherlands Trial Register (NTR): NTR NL7898. Registered 24 July 2019, https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7898

Deficits in Selective Attention Alter Gait in Frail Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Cornu ◽  
Jean-Paul Steinmetz ◽  
Carine Federspiel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Gait Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Task Conditions

Abstract. A growing body of research demonstrates an association between gait disorders, falls, and attentional capacities in older adults. The present work empirically analyzes differences in gait parameters in frail institutionalized older adults as a function of selective attention. Gait analysis under single- and dual-task conditions as well as selective attention measures were collected from a total of 33 nursing-home residents. We found that differences in selective attention performances were related to the investigated gait parameters. Poorer selective attention performances were associated with higher stride-to-stride variabilities and a slowing of gait speed under dual-task conditions. The present findings suggest a contribution of selective attention to a safe gait. Implications for gait rehabilitation programs are discussed.

Falls and body weight decline in nursing home residents

Nutrition ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111429
Author(s):  
Caterina Trevisan ◽  
Marianna Noale ◽  
Mattia Mazzochin ◽  
Giada Ida Greco ◽  
Alessandra Imoscopi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Home Residents

scholarly journals Body Weight Changes in Elderly Psychogeriatric Nursing Home Residents

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. T. B. Knoops ◽  
E. Slump ◽  
L. C. P. G. M. de Groot ◽  
W. Wouters-Wesseling ◽  
M. L. Brouwer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes

scholarly journals No Other Safe Care Option: Nursing Home Admission as a Last Resort Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1504-1514
Author(s):  
Heather J Campbell-Enns ◽  
Megan Campbell ◽  
Kendra L Rieger ◽  
Genevieve N Thompson ◽  
Malcolm B Doupe
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Nursing Home Admission ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Care Nursing

Abstract Background and Objectives Nursing homes are intended for older adults with the highest care needs. However, approximately 12% of all nursing home residents have similar care needs as older adults who live in the community and the reasons they are admitted to nursing homes is largely unstudied. The purpose of this study was to explore the reasons why lower-care nursing home residents are living in nursing homes. Research Design and Methods A qualitative interpretive description methodology was used to gather and analyze data describing lower-care nursing home resident and family member perspectives regarding factors influencing nursing home admission, including the facilitators and barriers to living in a community setting. Data were collected via semistructured interviews and field notes. Data were coded and sorted, and patterns were identified. This resulted in themes describing this experience. Results The main problem experienced by lower-care residents was living alone in the community. Residents and family members used many strategies to avoid safety crises in the community but experienced multiple care breakdowns in both community and health care settings. Nursing home admission was a strategy used to avoid a crisis when residents did not receive the needed support to remain in the community. Discussion and Implications To successfully remain in the community, older adults require specialized supports targeting mental health and substance use needs, as well as enhanced hospital discharge plans and improved information about community-based care options. Implications involve reforming policies and practices in both hospital and community-based care settings.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Microbiota of Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes and the Community

mSphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Claire Roghmann ◽  
Alison D. Lydecker ◽  
Lauren Hittle ◽  
Robert T. DeBoy ◽  
Rebecca G. Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Care Environment ◽  
The Past

ABSTRACT The nose, throat, and skin over the subclavian and femoral veins are the body sites which harbor the bacteria which most commonly cause health care-associated infection. We assessed the effect of nursing home residence on the microbiota of these body sites in older adults. We found that the microbiota composition of the different body sites was similar between nursing home and community participants, but we identified differences in relative abundance levels. We found remarkable similarities in the bacterial communities of different body sites in older adults who lived in nursing homes compared to those in the community among people who had not been on antibiotics for the past 3 months. We also found that the femoral skin microbiota had evidence of stool contamination in the nursing home residents, providing a rationale for improved skin hygiene. Taken together, it appears that the health care environment does not alter the microbiota to the extent that antibiotics do. Our objective for this study was to characterize the microbial communities of the anterior nares (nose), posterior pharynx (throat), and skin of the femoral and subclavian areas in older adults from nursing homes and the community. Older adults (≥65 years) without antibiotic use for the past 3 months were recruited from nursing homes (NH; n = 16) and from the community (CB; n = 51). Specimens were taken from nose, throat, and skin sites for culture and bacterial profiling using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that pathogenic Gram-negative rod (GNR) colonization on the femoral skin was higher in NH participants than CB participants; otherwise, there were no differences in GNR colonization at other body sites or in Staphylococcus aureus colonization at any body site. Bacterial community profiling demonstrated that the operational taxonomic unit compositions of the different body sites were similar between NH and CB participants, but the analysis identified differences in relative abundance levels. Streptococcus spp. were more abundant and Prevotella spp. were less abundant in the throats of NH participants than in throats of CB participants. Proteus, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus were more abundant in NH participants on the femoral skin. We found a pattern of decreased abundance of specific Proteobacteria in NH participants at the anterior nares and at both skin sites. We concluded that bacterial communities were largely similar in diversity and composition within body sites between older adults without recent antibiotic use from NH compared to those from the community. Our findings support the rationale for improved hygiene in NH residents to reduce the transmission risk of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as Enterococcus spp. or Enterobacteriaceae. IMPORTANCE The nose, throat, and skin over the subclavian and femoral veins are the body sites which harbor the bacteria which most commonly cause health care-associated infection. We assessed the effect of nursing home residence on the microbiota of these body sites in older adults. We found that the microbiota composition of the different body sites was similar between nursing home and community participants, but we identified differences in relative abundance levels. We found remarkable similarities in the bacterial communities of different body sites in older adults who lived in nursing homes compared to those in the community among people who had not been on antibiotics for the past 3 months. We also found that the femoral skin microbiota had evidence of stool contamination in the nursing home residents, providing a rationale for improved skin hygiene. Taken together, it appears that the health care environment does not alter the microbiota to the extent that antibiotics do.

scholarly journals Communication Technology Preferences of Hospitalized and Institutionalized Frail Older Adults During COVID-19 Confinement: Cross-Sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Sacco ◽  
Sébastien Lléonart ◽  
Romain Simon ◽  
Frédéric Noublanche ◽  
Cédric Annweiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Older People ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Telephone Calls ◽  
Acute Care Unit

BACKGROUND Technological communication methods such as telephone calls and video calls can help prevent social isolation and loneliness in frail older adults during confinement. OBJECTIVE Our objectives were to determine which virtual communication method (ie, telephone call or video call) was preferred by confined older hospital patients and nursing home residents and the variables influencing this preference. METHODS The TOVID (Telephony Or Videophony for Isolated elDerly) study was a cross-sectional study that was designed to examine the preference between telephone calls and video calls among frail older adults who were either hospitalized in a geriatric acute care unit or institutionalized in a long-term care and nursing home during the COVID-19 confinement period. RESULTS A total of 132 older people were surveyed between March 25 and May 11, 2020 (mean age 88.2 years, SD 6.2); 79 (59.8%) were women. Patients hospitalized in the geriatric acute care unit were more able to establish communication independently than residents institutionalized in the long-term care and nursing home (<i>P</i>=.03) and were more satisfied with their communication experiences (<i>P</i>=.02). Overall, older people tended to favor telephone calls (73/132, 55.3%) over video calls (59/132, 44.7%); however, their satisfaction degree was similar regardless of the chosen method (<i>P</i>=.1), with no effect of age (<i>P</i>=.97) or gender (<i>P</i>=.2). In the geriatric acute care unit, the satisfaction degrees were similar for telephone calls (40/41, 98%) and video calls (33/38, 87%) in older patients (<i>P</i>=.10). Conversely, in the long-term care and nursing home, residents were more satisfied with the use of video calls to communicate with their relatives (14/15, 93%) versus the use of telephone calls (6/12, 50%; <i>P</i>=.02). CONCLUSIONS Older people confined to health care settings were able to complete telephone calls more independently than video calls, and they tended to use telephone calls more often than video calls. The satisfaction degrees were similar with both modalities and even greater with video calls among long-term care and nursing home residents when they were given assistance to establish communication. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04333849: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04333849.

scholarly journals Effects of a Multifaceted Intervention Program on the Eating Ability of Nursing Home Residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8951
Author(s):  
Mei-Ling Chen ◽  
Chia-Hui Chiu ◽  
Yueh-Juen Hwu ◽  
Shu-Chen Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Multifaceted Intervention ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Tongue Strength ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Phase 3

Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common problem for nursing home residents that leads to aspiration pneumonia and malnutrition. Musculature surrounding head and neck and tongue strength are crucial for safe and efficient oropharyngeal swallowing. Oral hygiene facilitates the smooth swallowing. The aim of this study was thus to investigate the effects of a multifaceted intervention program which combines the interactive oral activities, tongue strength training and oral cleaning procedure on the eating ability of nursing home residents. A sequential, multiple time series, single-group quasi-experimental research design was used, and 41 residents were recruited to participate in this study. The study was divided into three phases, each lasting two months. In phase 1, the participants were conducting their usual activities, except that the outcome variables were measured on five occasions to obtain baseline data. Phase 2 was a two-month washout period, and phase 3 was the intervention period. Thirty-six residents completed phase 1, and 34 residents completed the phase 3 intervention period. The eight-week phase 3 intervention program comprised three sessions per day, conducted seven days a week, with each session lasting 15–20 min. Outcome variables were measured at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 in phases 1 and 3 to evaluate the feasibility of the program. Following the intervention program, controlling for baseline differences, the patients’ tongue strength, food consumption, mealtime duration, oral health, and dysphagia severity were significantly improved in phase 3 relative to phase 1. These improvements lasted through to at least 2 months posttest. The study illustrates that this multifaceted intervention program may be an effective approach for improving the eating ability of nursing home residents.

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