Determination of water erosion in Kowsar catchment area and evaluation of Gabion structures in its control

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Albaji ◽  
Behnaz Ershadian ◽  
Abdolhossein Noori Nejad ◽  
Ebrahim Mohammadi ◽  
Shoja Ghorban Dashtaki
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Water Erosion

Sources of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Catchment Area of Neusiedlersee/Fertö, Austria/Hungary

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-5) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. v. d. Emde ◽  
H. Fleckseder ◽  
N. Matsché ◽  
F. Plahl-Wabnegg ◽  
G. Spatzierer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Nonpoint Source ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
The One

Neusiedlersee (in German) / Fertö tó (in Hungarian) is a shallow lake at the Austro-Hungarian border. In the late 1970s, the question arose what to do in order to protect the lake against eutrophication. A preliminary report established the need for point-source control as well as gave first estimates for non-point source inputs. The proposed point-source control was quickly implemented, non-point sources were - among other topics - studied in detail in the period 1982 - 1986. The preliminary work had shown, based on integrated sampling and data from literature, that the aeolic input outweighed the one via water erosion (work was for totP only). In contrast to this, the 1982 - 1986 study showed that (a) water erosion by far dominates over aeolic inputs and (b) the size of nonpoint-source inputs was assessed for the largest catchment area in pronounced detail, whereas additional estimates were undertaken for smaller additional catchment areas. The methods as well as the results are presented in the following. The paper concludes with some remarks on the present management practice of nonpoint-source inputs.

scholarly journals A New Empirical Approach to Calculating Flood Frequency in Ungauged Catchments: A Case Study of the Upper Vistula Basin, Poland

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Młyński ◽  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Tomasz Stachura ◽  
Grzegorz Kaczor
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Volume Determination ◽  
Statistical Verification ◽  
Observation Series ◽  
Data Estimation

The aim of the work was to develop a new empirical model for calculating the peak annual flows of a given frequency of occurrence (QT) in the ungauged catchments of the upper Vistula basin in Poland. The approach to the regionalization of the catchment and the selection of the optimal form of the empirical model are indicated as a novelty of the proposed research. The research was carried out on the basis of observation series of peak annual flows (Qmax) for 41 catchments. The analysis was performed in the following steps: statistical verification of data; estimation of Qmax flows using kernel density estimation; determination of physiographic and meteorological characteristics affecting the Qmax flow volume; determination of the value of dimensionless quantiles for QT flow calculation in the upper Vistula basin; verification of the determined correlation for the calculation of QT flows in the upper Vistula basin. Based on the research we conducted, we found that the following factors have the greatest impact on the formation of flood flows in the upper Vistula basin: the size of catchment area; the height difference in the catchment area; the density of the river network; the soil imperviousness index; and the volume of normal annual precipitation. The verification procedure that we performed made it possible to conclude that the developed empirical model functions correctly.

scholarly journals Possibility of Using Selected Rainfall-Runoff Models for Determining the Design Hydrograph in Mountainous Catchments: A Case Study in Poland

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Młyński ◽  
Andrzej Wałęga ◽  
Leszek Książek ◽  
Jacek Florek ◽  
Andrea Petroselli
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Peak Flows ◽  
Mountainous Catchment ◽  
Mountainous Catchments ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Runoff Hydrographs

The aim of the study was to analyze the possibility of using selected rainfall-runoff models to determine the design hydrograph and the related peak flow in a mountainous catchment. The basis for the study was the observed series of hydrometeorological data for the Grajcarek catchment area (Poland) for the years 1981–2014. The analysis was carried out in the following stages: verification of hydrometeorological data; determination of the design rainfall; and determination of runoff hydrographs with the following rainfall-runoff models: Snyder, NRCS-UH, and EBA4SUB. The conducted research allowed the conclusion that the EBA4SUB model may be an alternative to other models in determining the design hydrograph in ungauged mountainous catchments. This is evidenced by the lower values of relative errors in the estimation of peak flows with an assumed frequency for the EBA4SUB model, as compared to Snyder and NRCS-UH.

scholarly journals A critical evaluation of the methods for the determination of required volumes for detention tank

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Starzec
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Rainfall Duration ◽  
Detention Tank ◽  
Artificial Neural

Simplified methods allow a straightforward and quick determination of parameters of interest. A simplified method of calculation to be used must provide sufficiently accurate simulation results. This paper presents the results of tests completed to evaluate the effects of the parameters which describe a sewer catchment area and network on the value of Tp, a parameter applied in the Dziopak method [18]. The results of 2997 hydrodynamic simulations allowed to formulate an artificial neural network the application of which enabled the determination of the value of Tp dependent on the design parameters of a sewer catchment area and network. The artificial neural network had a very low error R2 = 0.9972 between the expected and determined values of Tp. The completed tests indicated a relationship by which an increase of the rainfall duration, a parameter used in the dimensioning of detention tank, is concomitant to an increase in the value of Tp. The calculations made so far included an assumption that the Tp value is constant irrespective of the design rainfall duration for the dimensioning of detention tank; this assumption has led to gross calculation errors. The paper also provides proof that the inclusion of these relationships allows a more precise determination of the service volume required for a multi-chamber detention tank.

scholarly journals Determination of susceptible areas to water erosion in the Hervi watershed

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (53) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad vahidi ◽  
Rasoul Mirabbasi ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Erosion

scholarly journals Sistema Santa Fé auxilia na redução do escoamento superficial e melhoria da qualidade da água?

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Vanessa de Fátima Grah Ponciano ◽  
Luanne Martins de Siqueira Gama ◽  
Makcy Ramon Kened Sousa Silva ◽  
Sihelio Julio Silva Cruz ◽  
Isaac de Matos Ponciano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Conservation ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Runoff Quality

The cover crop on the soil surface is a fundamental practice for the establishment of soil and water conservation systems.The Santa Fé System consists of the inclusion of forage species in the grain production system, mainly by intercropping. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of cultivation of single maize and maize in consortium with U. brizantha cv. marandu, in runoff and qualityof runoffusing a rainfall simulator.The experiment was carried out at the School Farm of the IF Goiano Campus Iporá in a Quartzipsament, in a Brazilian Savanna region.The following land coverwere evaluated: uncoveredsoil, single hybrid corn and SantaFé System. For the determination of the runoff volume and the runoff quality, three tests were performed in each treatment, using a pendulum rainfall simulator built at the IF Goiano Campus Iporá. In each test, the total volume of runoffwas counted and every five minutes samples were collected to characterize the runoffquality, in which turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity were analyzed.Water losses were reduced by 82% and turbidity by 96% in the Santa Fé system, compared to uncoveredsoil.The Santa Fé System showed better performance with less runoff volume and better quality of runoff when turbidity was evaluated, which demonstrates its high potential in minimizing soil water erosion.

scholarly journals Determination of Hydrologic Soil Group from Soil Map Unit of Indonesia in Pataruman Water Catchment Area

2020 ◽  
Vol 1477 ◽  
pp. 052040
Author(s):  
Anri Noor Annisa Ramadan ◽  
Anwar Sadili ◽  
Zefri Sumardi ◽  
Rega Rizaldy Solihin
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Soil Map ◽  
Soil Group ◽  
Water Catchment Area ◽  
Hydrologic Soil Group ◽  
Soil Map Unit ◽  
Water Catchment

Investigating the Impacts of DEM Type, Resolution, and Noise on Extracted Hydro-Geomorphologic Parameters of Watersheds via GIS

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-175
Author(s):  
Vahid Nourani ◽  
Safa Mokhtarian Asl ◽  
Maryam Khosravi Sorkhkolaee ◽  
Aida Hosseini Baghanam ◽  
Masoud Mehrvand
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Distributed Modeling ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Topographic Attributes ◽  
Elevation Model

Water resources management is dependent on knowledge and understanding of water quantity and quality information with the latest developments in information technology such as geographic information system (GIS) to develop effective hydrological modeling within the water-based systems. The efficiency of such hydrological modeling relies on the accuracy of applied data. In this way, the application of low-quality data in developing models for integrated management of water resources can impose irreparable financial and human resources and environmental costs in the catchment area. Thus, in regions that shortage of data is the issue, semi-distributed modeling is a useful tool. In this chapter, three aims are followed: (1) effect of digital elevation model (DEM) type and resolution on extracted hydro-geomorphologic parameters, (2) effect of wavelet-based de-noising method on extracted hydro-geomorphologic parameters, (3) determination of the optimal cell size to extract topographic attributes with good agreement to the real features.

An analytically derived distribution function for mean areal rainfall

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Average Rainfall ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Areal Rainfall ◽  
Frequency Curves

Both temporal and spatial information on rainfall distributions are important in various types of hydrologic studies concerning the determination of runoff characteristics. In reality, rainfall is measured at a point. Hence, for practical purposes, it is necessary to establish some relationships for the transformation of point rainfall at a fixed location to average rainfall over a catchment area in order to provide a more reliable input for rainfall-runoff models. The least equivocal method for deriving values of areal correction factor seems to be directly from frequency curves of areal and point rainfalls. Knowledge of the probability distribution of mean areal rainfall, therefore, is of paramount importance in solving this complex practical problem in hydrology.

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