High yield formation of carbon nanotubes using arc discharge assisted with a nitrogen jet

Due to the difficulty in the selective synthesis of semiconductor (s-) and metal (m-) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), we still need to explore the selective extraction technology of s-SWCNTs. Using Poly[9-(1-octylonoyl)-9H-carbazole-2,7-diyl] (PCz) extraction of s-SWCNTs has attracted extensive attention in recent years, because it can selective extraction of large-diameter s-SWCNTs with high purity. However, influence of the molecular weight of this polymer on the s-SWCNTs selective extraction properties remains unclear. In this study, we used PCz with different average molecular weights to study the ability of selective extraction s-SWCNTs from pristine arc discharge carbon nanotubes. Spectra studies indicate that compared to the PCz with lower molecular weight, the PCz with higher molecular weight has better selective extraction ability, and can help to obtain s-SWCNTs with higher purity (>99%) and high yield. FETs devices have been prepared by s-SWCNTs obtained via PCz with higher molecular weight exhibit higher on/off ratio, lower off current and lower subthreshold swing. This work offers a reference of the design and synthesis of PCz polymer that performs sufficient selective ability in extracting s-SWCNTs with promising applications.

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The effect of hydrogen on the formation of carbon nanotubes and fullerenes

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1995.1977 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 1977-1983 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

X.K. Wang ◽

X.W. Lin ◽

M. Mesleh ◽

M.F. Jarrold ◽

V.P. Dravid ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Growth Model ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Time Of Flight ◽

Gas Pressure ◽

High Yield ◽

Nanotube Bundles ◽

Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽

Novel Method

A novel method to synthesize “clean” carbon nanotubes with relatively high yield in a hydrogen arc discharge has been developed. The quality and yield of the tubes depend sensitively on the gas pressure in the arc discharge. Sharp, open-ended nanotubes with clear lattice fringes at the edges and empty interiors have been observed. The existence of these frozen-open-ended tubes as part of nanotube-bundles provides evidence for an open-ended growth model for nanotubes. Using time of flight mass spectrometry, it was found that fullerenes, such as C60 and C70, are almost absent from the soot collected in the hydrogen arc discharge. The effect of hydrogen on the formation of fullerenes, both in the laboratory and in space, will be discussed.

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Carbon Nanotube Synthesis: A Review

International Journal of Chemical Reactor Engineering ◽

10.2202/1542-6580.1279 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Carole E Baddour ◽

Cedric Briens

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Large Scale ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Critical Issue ◽

High Yield ◽

Scale Production ◽

Industrial Companies ◽

Carbon Molecules

Discovered in 1991, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have reached the forefront of many industrial research projects. Carbon nanotubes are tubular carbon molecules with remarkable mechanical, chemical, thermal and electrical properties, which make them useful in various applications. This paper reviews three methods of synthesizing the nanomaterial, namely arc-discharge, laser-ablation and fixed bed/fluidized bed catalytic. These methods have generated a large interest in many industrial companies to date. At the moment, the most critical issue faced by industrial companies is determining the best synthesis method, which will give the most economical large-scale production of CNTs. Compared to the other two methods, the catalytic technique to synthesize CNTs is simple, inexpensive, energy-efficient and can produce large CNTs quantities of high yield and purity.

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High yield of single-wall carbon nanotubes by arc discharge using Rh–Pt mixed catalysts

Chemical Physics Letters ◽

10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00921-x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 294 (6) ◽

pp. 593-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Yahachi Saito ◽

Yoshihiko Tani ◽

Norihisa Miyagawa ◽

Koichi Mitsushima ◽

Atsuo Kasuya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

High Yield ◽

Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Single Wall Carbon

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Optimization of the carbon nanotubes synthesis in arc discharge systems

COMPEL The International Journal for Computation and Mathematics in Electrical and Electronic Engineering ◽

10.1108/compel-01-2018-0019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 1618-1625 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Grzegorz Raniszewski

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electromagnetic Field ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

High Yield ◽

Technical Solution ◽

Slow Rotation ◽

Cooling Systems ◽

Content Type ◽

Electronics And Electrical ◽

Carbon Plasma

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on the influence of electromagnetic field during the arc discharge carbon nanotubes synthesis. It proposes modeling of electromagnetic field distribution to calculate forces in the area of arcing. The paper presents the influence of this field on the final product of the synthesis. Design/methodology/approach A short literature review of the arc discharge systems supported by electromagnetic field is presented. The technical solution of the coil placement is discussed. An experimental research is described. The research system constructed preceded by a series of measurements and modeling is analyzed. Findings The paper describes the significant meaning of the electromagnetic field during the synthesis. The electromagnetic field forces the slow rotation of the carbon plasma column where carbon nanotubes are formed. It leads to the improvement in yield. Research limitations/implications Because the research is limited to one type of geometry of the reactor, the results may vary in different reactors. However, the influence of the electromagnetic field is confirmed. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to investigate the influence of the electromagnetic coil in the applied systems. Practical implications The systems with a coil inside the reactor require the application of complex cooling systems or/and additional screens. The work proposes a technical solution based on the coil placed outside the reactor. Therefore, it simplifies the construction and increases the yield. Social implications The high yield of the high-quality nanotubes opens new technical possibilities for electronics and electrical engineering. Originality/value The paper identifies a connection between the electromagnetic field, the arc discharge movement, plasma jet, carbon nanotubes containing deposit and the yield.

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High-yield synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by water-protected arc discharge method

Carbon ◽

10.1016/s0008-6223(03)00128-3 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 41 (8) ◽

pp. 1664-1666 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Xuesong Li ◽

Hongwei Zhu ◽

Bin Jiang ◽

Jun Ding ◽

Cailu Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

High Yield ◽

Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Discharge Method

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FORMATION OF CARBON NANOTUBES IN IRON-CATALYZED LIQUID ARCING METHOD: EFFECT OF IRON-ION CHARGE IN THE AQUEOUS MEDIUM

International Journal of Modern Physics B ◽

10.1142/s0217979211102265 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (32) ◽

pp. 4411-4417

Author(s):

SH. SHERVIN ◽

S. GHEYTANI ◽

A. SIMCHI

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Arc Discharge ◽

Iron Concentration ◽

High Yield ◽

Ferrous Ions ◽

Process Yield ◽

Method Effect ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Cathodic Deposits ◽

Walled Cnts

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized via arc discharge in aqueous solutions containing ferrous and ferric irons to reveal the effect of iron-charge mole ratio, R = [ Fe 2+]/[ Fe 3+], on the purity of CNTs and the process yield. Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the cathodic deposits. It is shown that the nucleation of multi-walled CNTs is catalyzed by ferric irons while their growth is affected by ferrous ions. Well-graphitized CNTs with a high-yield are obtained at R = 1 and total iron concentration of 0.05 M. The effect of iron charge is described based on the two-stage formation mechanism.

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