Drivers of Small-Scale Diptera Distribution in Aquatic-Terrestrial Transition Zones of Spring Fens

Wetlands ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-247
Author(s):  
Vendula Polášková ◽  
Jana Schenková ◽  
Martina Bílková ◽  
Martina Poláková ◽  
Vanda Šorfová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Spring Fens

The ultrabasic lava flows of Mashhad, North East Iran

1981 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Majidi
Keyword(s):  
Lava Flows ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Lower Carboniferous ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
North East ◽  
Flow Units ◽  
Small Crystals ◽  
Inner Parts ◽  
Ne Iran

SummaryUltrabasic and basic lavas are interbedded with metamorphosed Lower-Carboniferous sediments in the northern slope of the Alborz mountains, NE Iran. In the outcrop area at least 15 individual units of ultrabasic lava have been observed. Flow units range in thickness from a few metres up to about 70 m. The inner parts of the flow units are holo-crystalline, showing a poikilitic texture with rounded small crystals of serpentinized olivine surrounded by large crystals of clinopyroxene (‘wehrlitic facies’). The upper portions of the thicker units are olivine-free, and pyroxene, sometimes accompanied by brown hornblende, is set in a groundmass of fine-grained epidotized plagioclase (‘doleritic facies’). In the upper and lower margins of flows the groundmass is devitrified to chlorite and tremolite. Small-scale differentiation and igneous lamination is observable in transition zones between the wehrlitic and doleritic ‘facies’. The upper doleritic facies and other individual basic units have a tholeitic chemistry. In contrast, the chemical composition of wehrlitic rocks (which predominate amongst the exposed rocks in the area) is comparable with Archaean ultrabasic lava flows in Canada and southern Africa.

Drill Pipe Fatigue Analysis: Full Size Apparatus and Coupon Tests

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joa˜o Carlos Ribeiro Pla´cido ◽  
Guilherme F. Miscow ◽  
Paulo E. V. de Miranda ◽  
Theodoro A. Netto
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Drill Pipe ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Second Phase Particles ◽  
Geometric Discontinuities ◽  
Drill Pipes

Drill pipe fatigue damage occurs under cyclic loading conditions due to, for instance, rotation in curved sections of the well. Failures caused by crack nucleation and propagation are one of the highest risks to the structural integrity of these pipes. Usually, failure mechanisms develop in the transition region of the tool joint. Several mechanical and metallurgical factors affect the fatigue life of drill pipes. The former are mainly geometric discontinuities such as transition zones, pits and slip marks. The latter are related to the size and distribution of crystalline grains, phases and second phase particles (inclusions). In this study, the roles played by both factors in the fatigue life of drill pipes are studied through an extensive experimental test program. To this end, a fatigue simulator was designed and built to test full-scale drill pipes under rotating cyclic bending and constant tension loading. Additionally, the fundamental fatigue mechanisms are investigated via laboratory tests in small-scale coupons. These tests were performed in an opto-mechanical fatigue apparatus that was specially designed to perform in-situ real time monitoring surface analysis during the experiments.

Small-Scale Distribution of Aquatic Macroinvertebrates in Two Spring Fens with Different Groundwater Chemistry

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vendula Křoupalová ◽  
Jindřiška Bojková ◽  
Jana Schenková ◽  
Petr Pařil ◽  
Michal Horsák
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Groundwater Chemistry ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spring Fens

scholarly journals The importance of species replacement and richness differences in small-scale diversity patterns of aquatic macroinvertebrates in spring fens

Limnologica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanda Rádková ◽  
Vít Syrovátka ◽  
Jindřiška Bojková ◽  
Jana Schenková ◽  
Vendula Křoupalová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Species Replacement ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Spring Fens

Reasons to strike first

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Buckner ◽  
Luke Glowacki
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Small Scale

Abstract De Dreu and Gross predict that attackers will have more difficulty winning conflicts than defenders. As their analysis is presumed to capture the dynamics of decentralized conflict, we consider how their framework compares with ethnographic evidence from small-scale societies, as well as chimpanzee patterns of intergroup conflict. In these contexts, attackers have significantly more success in conflict than predicted by De Dreu and Gross's model. We discuss the possible reasons for this disparity.

Exploring Coronal Structures with SOHO

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 403-406
Author(s):  
M. Karovska ◽  
B. Wood ◽  
J. Chen ◽  
J. Cook ◽  
R. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Solar Corona ◽  
Image Enhancement ◽  
Coronal Mass Ejections ◽  
Dynamical Evolution ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Contrast Structures ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
Small Scale Structures ◽  
Coronal Structures

AbstractWe applied advanced image enhancement techniques to explore in detail the characteristics of the small-scale structures and/or the low contrast structures in several Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) observed by SOHO. We highlight here the results from our studies of the morphology and dynamical evolution of CME structures in the solar corona using two instruments on board SOHO: LASCO and EIT.

Scanning tunneling microscopy and atomic force microscopy: New tools for biology

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 778-779
Author(s):  
CE Bracker ◽  
P. K. Hansma
Keyword(s):  
Physical Property ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
New Family ◽  
Small Probe ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

A new family of scanning probe microscopes has emerged that is opening new horizons for investigating the fine structure of matter. The earliest and best known of these instruments is the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). First published in 1982, the STM earned the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics for two of its inventors, G. Binnig and H. Rohrer. They shared the prize with E. Ruska for his work that had led to the development of the transmission electron microscope half a century earlier. It seems appropriate that the award embodied this particular blend of the old and the new because it demonstrated to the world a long overdue respect for the enormous contributions electron microscopy has made to the understanding of matter, and at the same time it signalled the dawn of a new age in microscopy. What we are seeing is a revolution in microscopy and a redefinition of the concept of a microscope.Several kinds of scanning probe microscopes now exist, and the number is increasing. What they share in common is a small probe that is scanned over the surface of a specimen and measures a physical property on a very small scale, at or near the surface. Scanning probes can measure temperature, magnetic fields, tunneling currents, voltage, force, and ion currents, among others.

Superstructures and ordering phenomena in ceramic superconductors

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 710-711
Author(s):  
R. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
Domain Growth ◽  
Small Displacement ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ceramic Superconductors ◽  
Oxygen Sublattices ◽  
Tweed Contrast ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Representative Image ◽  
Static Lattice ◽  
Modulation Wavelength

It is now well established that the phase transformation behavior of YBa2Cu3O6+δ is significantly influenced by matrix strain effects, as evidenced by the formation of accommodation twins, the occurrence of diffuse scattering in diffraction patterns, the appearance of tweed contrast in electron micrographs, and the generation of displacive modulation superstructures, all of which have been successfully modeled via simple Monte Carlo simulations. The model is based upon a static lattice formulation with two types of excitations, one of which is a change in oxygen occupancy, and the other a small displacement of both the copper and oxygen sublattices. Results of these simulations show that a displacive superstructure forms very rapidly in a morphology of finely textured domains, followed by domain growth and a more sharply defined modulation wavelength, ultimately evolving into a strong <110> tweed with 5 nm to 7 nm period. What is new about these findings is the revelation that both the small-scale deformation superstructures and coarser tweed morphologies can result from displacive modulations in ordered YBa2Cu3O6+δ and need not be restricted to domain coarsening of the disordered phase. Figures 1 and 2 show a representative image and diffraction pattern for fully-ordered (δ = 1) YBa2Cu3O6+δ associated with a long-period <110> modulation.

Indirect Assessment of Attitudes with Response-Time-Based Measures

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Degner ◽  
Dirk Wentura ◽  
Klaus Rothermund
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Implicit Measures ◽  
Scale Theory ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Predicting Behavior ◽  
Social Cognitive Theories

Abstract: We review research on response-latency based (“implicit”) measures of attitudes by examining what hopes and intentions researchers have associated with their usage. We identified the hopes of (1) gaining better measures of interindividual differences in attitudes as compared to self-report measures (quality hope); (2) better predicting behavior, or predicting other behaviors, as compared to self-reports (incremental validity hope); (3) linking social-cognitive theories more adequately to empirical research (theory-link hope). We argue that the third hope should be the starting point for using these measures. Any attempt to improve these measures should include the search for a small-scale theory that adequately explains the basic effects found with such a measure. To date, small-scale theories for different measures are not equally well developed.

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