Bacteriological quality of household drinking water in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia; a community-based cross-sectional study

AbstractEthiopia is one of the developing countries where only 52% of its population have access to safe drinking water. To determine the level of faecal contamination in drinking water, the E. coli has been found to be the most specific indicator. The purpose of this study was to determine household bacteriological drinking water quality and its associated factors in rural North Gondar Zone Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural parts of North Gondar Zone from April to June, 2016. Water samples from water storage at household level were taken using standardized water sampling techniques to determine the level of faecal contamination. Face-to-face interview using structured questionnaires and checklist were used to identify the associated factors. A total of 736 households participated in this study. The prevalence of positive faecal coliform in the households is found to be 72.6% (95%C.I; 69.4–75.8). In multivariate analysis; occupational status [AOR; 0.35, 95%; CI (0.16,0.77)], income [(AOR);0.45, 95%; CI (0.3, 0.68)], type of solid waste disposal habit [AOR; 0.16, 95%; CI (0.36, 0.66)], source of water [AOR; 0.42, 95%; CI (0.28, 0.65)], shortage of water [AOR; 2.8, 95%; CI (1.88, 4)] were variables identified as predictors for faecal coliform contamination of water in the household. There is high level of faecal contamination of household drinking water in North Gondar Zone. Occupational status, income, solid waste disposal habit, sources of drinking water, and shortage of water were predictor for presence of faecal coliform contamination in household drinking water.

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Undernutrition and associated factors among children aged 5–10 years in West Bengal, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette ◽

10.1186/s43054-021-00087-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Amitava Pal ◽

Sourav Manna ◽

Rishna Dalui ◽

Rupanjan Mukhopadhyay ◽

Prakash C. Dhara

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Drinking Water ◽

West Bengal ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Child Malnutrition ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background In the previous few decades, India has made significant progress in reducing child mortality and fertility rates; yet, undernutrition remains one of the country’s primary public health issues. The goal of this study was to determine the extent of child malnutrition in West Bengal, India, as well as the risk factors linked with it. In diverse districts of West Bengal, a community-based cross-sectional study was undertaken utilizing multi-stage stratified cluster sampling followed by systematic random sampling. Anthropometric, individual, and household characteristics were collected from 2070 children in this study. Height-for-age, weight-for-age, and BMI-for-age z-scores were calculated. The levels and factors related with child undernutrition were studied using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Stunting, underweight, and thinness were shown to be prevalent in 25.48%, 33%, and 26.88% of children, respectively. With age, the likelihood of a child becoming malnourished increased. In comparison with girls, boys had a greater chance of being malnourished. Separately, parental educational and occupational statuses were linked to child malnutrition. Undernourished children were more likely to have a mother who was uneducated or undereducated (stunting: OR = 1.46; underweight: OR = 1.49; thinness: OR = 1.49). Children from economically disadvantaged families were more likely to be malnourished. Children from households with untreated drinking water and poor sanitation were more likely to be malnourished. Conclusions The current study showed that there are several risk variables linked to child malnutrition. Undernutrition was caused by illiteracy, filthy drinking water, and poor sanitation, all of which were independent risk factors.

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Seasonal variation of diarrheal diseases and drinking water quality in resettlement colony in Delhi, India: A community-based cross-sectional study

Indian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.4103/ijph.ijph_1214_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 387

Author(s):

RisaVernette Nengminza Sangma ◽

SK Rasania ◽

JG Prasuna ◽

Ranjan Das ◽

Manoj Jais

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Seasonal Variation ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Drinking Water Quality ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Diarrheal Diseases ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional

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Drinking water in an urban area in South India – A community based cross sectional study.

Australasian Medical Journal ◽

10.4066/amj.2010.285 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 295-298

Author(s):

Prasanna Mithra

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Urban Area ◽

South India ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional

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Level of immunization coverage and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Lay Armachiho District, North Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross sectional study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-015-1192-y ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Melkamu Beyene Kassahun ◽

Gashaw Andargie Biks ◽

Alemayehu Shimeka Teferra

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Immunization Coverage ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North Gondar Zone

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Epidemiology of domestic violence among married women: a community based cross-sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171375 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1353

Author(s):

Pushti V. Vachhani ◽

Nishant R. Bhimani ◽

Shyamal K. Purani ◽

Girija P. Kartha

Keyword(s):

Domestic Violence ◽

Urban Area ◽

Occupational Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Married Women ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Results ◽

Rural And Urban Area

Background: Domestic violence is a global issue, reaching across national boundaries as well as socio-economic, cultural, racial and class distributions. Domestic violence is among the most underreported crimes worldwide for both men and women. Globally, the victims of domestic violence are overwhelmingly women, and women tend to experience more severe forms of violence.Methods: It was a Community based Cross-sectional study. The study was carried out in the rural and urban area of Surendranagar district. Total 600 married women of 15-49 years of age were selected randomly. The information gathered was based on self-administered questionnaire. Strict confidentiality was maintained.Results: Out of total 600 women, 38.5% were victims of domestic violence in one form or the other. Out of these 231 victims, 134 respondents were from rural area and 97 respondents were from urban area. The study results revealed that age at marriage, literacy status of women and their husband, their occupational status, type of family and socio-economic class has significant impact on prevalence of domestic violence.Conclusions: Domestic violence is more prevalent among uneducated, backward and economically disadvantaged women.

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Estimating access to drinking water supply in Farta district rural community, Amhara Region, North Central Ethiopia, 2017: a community based cross-sectional study

International Journal of Scientific Reports ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20193762 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 240 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yilkal T. Gualie ◽

Habtamu D. Enyew

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Supply ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Water Sources ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Access To Water ◽

Per Capita ◽

Dug Well

Background: Water is an essential for lives and development. Ethiopia is endowed with enormous water resources potential but access to water is limited. An uneven spatial distribution of water sources and drinking water demand is big challenge. Therefore objectives of this study were to estimate access for water supply among household of Farta district, Ethiopia.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was employed in 758 households of Farta district. Interview and observational check lists were used to collect data. Systematic sampling technique was used to select households. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: The community has access to improved water supply which was estimated to be 57.1%. The rest 42.9% of the households used unimproved water sources from other unprotected sources like unprotected dug well and river. Nearly the third quartile (74.5%) of the households had access to water within a distance of 1.5 km or less from dwelling. Majority (86%) of households had no access to water within a time of 30 minutes or less. Nearly 92.3% of the households used less than 20 liters per capita per day.Conclusions: There was a significant gap in accessing water supply for the community within 1.5 km in the district. Nearly half of households used protected well water sources. The per capita water consumption of the households were extremely low. Hence local administrator should expand protected well in all members. The community participation should be encouraged to prepare and maintain the water sources.

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