scholarly journals A novel and cleaner bio-polymer Gum Karaya-based Silica nanocomposite fracturing fluid for high-temperature application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Chauhan ◽  
Keka Ojha ◽  
Ch. Vara Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Rheological Characteristics ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Acidic Polysaccharide ◽  
Gum Karaya ◽  
Storage And Loss Moduli ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Temperature Application

AbstractA novel polymer nanocomposite has been synthesized in the present study using a bio-polymer Karaya and inorganic SiO2 nanoparticles via sonication for application as a fracturing fluid in stimulating oil and gas wells. Gum Karaya (KG), an acidic polysaccharide, has been investigated for its structural, morphological and rheological characteristics, and the results have been compared with prepared KG–SiO2 nanocomposite at different SiO2 dosing for improved structure, viscoelasticity, viscosity and temperature stability. Steady shear rheology test depicted pseudoplastic nature, while oscillatory study confirms gel characteristics and weak dependence of storage and loss moduli on frequency for all the prepared samples. Dominance of elasticity over viscous nature of the gel assures efficient solid transporting/suspending capability. Experimental results showed that the rheological characteristics of the synthesized gel is comparable with Guar and CMHPG over the shear and temperature ranges under study and suitable for temperatures above 150 °C and pressure conditions. Also, polymer breaking and sandpack regained permeability tests proved synthesized gels to be a cleaner with less residue as compared to the other two.

Studies on the Temperature Stability of Pure and Doped Triglycine Sulphate Crystals Using TGA/DTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-212
Author(s):  
Vijeesh Padmanabhan ◽  
Maneesha P. Madhu ◽  
Supriya M. Hariharan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
Dsc Analysis ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
As Doping ◽  
Similar Dependence ◽  
Temperature Ranges

Aim: To study the temperature stability of TGS doped with ZnSO4, CdCl2, BaCl2, and compare it with that of pure TGS. Objectives: Synthesizing pure and doped TGS and studying their temperature dependence using TGA, DTA, and DSC analysis. Methods: Slow cooling solution growth was used to grow single crystals of pure and doped TGS. The TGA, DTA and DSC analysis was conducted for determining the temperature stability. Results: The thermal analysis of pure and doped TGS shows that the doped samples show a similar dependence on temperature as pure TGS. The temperature of decomposition of pure and doped samples (BTGS, ZTGS, CdTGS) was 226.60°C, 228.38°C, 229.13°C, and 239.13°C respectively. The melting onset of these samples was 214.51°C, 216.04°C, 217.69°C and 216.04°C respectively. Conclusion: The study shows that doping TGS with the above three described materials did not alter their temperature stability considerably. It is a good result as doping TGS, for varying its characteristics like absorbance, reflectance, bandgap energy, etc., which did not alter its temperature stability. Therefore, TGS doped with the above three dopants can be used at the same temperature ranges as of pure TGS but with much-improved efficiency.

scholarly journals Potential Use of Water Associated with Conventional Oil Production and Sea Water as Base Fluids for Hydraulic Fracturing Operations: Effect of Water Chemistry on Crosslinking and Breaking Behaviors of Guar Gum-Based Fracturing Fluid Formulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayanand Saini ◽  
Timea Mezei
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Water Chemistry ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Conventional Oil

 Even though water consumption per hydraulic fracturing (or fracturing) job is relatively low; nearly all of the fresh water used for fracturing in California is in the regions of high water stress such as San Jouquin and Los Angeles Basins. However, water availability should not be a concern as huge volumes of water are being produced along with oil and gas from conventional formations (i.e. associated water) in the Kern County of California, a region where most of the fracturing activities take place. This associated water can potentially be used for preparing fracturing fluids in stimulating the unconventional formations. The present study reports on the relevant investigation done in this area of interest.The results suggest that associated water chemistry has limited effect on the viscosity of cross-linked formulations. However, guar gum concentration was found to affect the breaking behaviors of cross-linked fracturing fluid formulations. The new type of commercially available biodegradable breaker was found to be effective in breaking the tested cross-linked formulations at elevated temperature which was as high as 85°C (185°F). Both crosslinking and breaking behaviors of fracturing fluid formulations evaluated in this study were found comparable to the behaviors of commonly used cross-linked formulation (guar gum + 2% potassium chloride). These results suggest that both the associated water (i.e. water resulting from regional conventional oil production activites) and sea water (offshore oil fields) could serve as alternative sources of base fluid for use in fracturing jobs without putting significant burden on precious regional fresh water resources.

High-Temperature Dielectric Materials for Electrical Energy Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Li ◽  
Fang-Zhou Yao ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Guangzu Zhang ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Capacitive Energy Storage

The demand for high-temperature dielectric materials arises from numerous emerging applications such as electric vehicles, wind generators, solar converters, aerospace power conditioning, and downhole oil and gas explorations, in which the power systems and electronic devices have to operate at elevated temperatures. This article presents an overview of recent progress in the field of nanostructured dielectric materials targeted for high-temperature capacitive energy storage applications. Polymers, polymer nanocomposites, and bulk ceramics and thin films are the focus of the materials reviewed. Both commercial products and the latest research results are covered. While general design considerations are briefly discussed, emphasis is placed on material specifications oriented toward the intended high-temperature applications, such as dielectric properties, temperature stability, energy density, and charge-discharge efficiency. The advantages and shortcomings of the existing dielectric materials are identified. Challenges along with future research opportunities are highlighted at the end of this review.

scholarly journals Preparation of a Novel Fracturing Fluid System with Excellent Elasticity and Low Friction

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Jincheng Mao ◽  
Jinzhou Zhao ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
Anqi Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Solution ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Intermolecular Forces ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
Crosslinker Concentration

The quaternary polymer was synthesized by radical polymerization and characterized by 1H NMR. The tests of critical associating concentration and SEM suggest that there is a multilayered and robust network structure in the polymer solution. An excellent elasticity in the polymer solution by the first normal stress difference, viscoelasticity, and thixotropy was observed. The critical crosslinker concentration of polymer with sodium dodecyl sulfate and its interaction mechanism were investigated. According to the reaction kinetics, the supramolecular structure had the lowest activation energy, stable network structure, and greater thermal stability. Then the polymer was employed in the fracturing fluid due to its excellent elasticity using the intermolecular forces, which showed superior sand suspension capacity by dynamic sand suspension measurement. Meanwhile, a theoretical analysis was proposed as to why polymer solution has excellent suspension and drag reduction properties. Therefore, this polymer could be an alternative in many fields, especially in fracking, which is significant for the development of oil and gas resources in deep wells.

scholarly journals Biomass of unconventional plants from Brazilian semiarid as substrate for hydrolytic enzymes production by Aspergillus niger under solid and submerged fermentation

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e48257
Author(s):  
Bruna dos Santos Menezes ◽  
Kátia dos Santos Morais ◽  
Aparecido Almeida Conceição ◽  
Juliana Gomes Barreto Souza Leite ◽  
Fábia Giovana do Val de Assis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Cmcase Activity ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Activity Temperature

Aspergillus niger KIJH was grown in solid and submerged fermentation using leaves and roots (with and without bark) of plants typically from Brazilian semiarid as substrate to produce a multienzymatic extract, which was characterised for its potential biotechnological applications. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) was applied to select the most promising plants biomass as induction substrates for the production of hydrolytic enzymes by fungus. The best biomasses were used as substrate in submerged fermentation (SmF) assays at two scales. Samples of up scale fermented culture were partially purified by ultrafiltration and activity and pH and temperature stability of CMCase and xylanase were evaluated. A. niger KIJH produced hydrolytic enzymes under SSF containing unconventional plants biomass from Brazilian semiarid. In SmF conditions, maximum CMCase (0.264 U mL-1) and xylanase (1.163 U mL-1) activities were induced by Jacaratia corumbensis. Scaling up the SmF to 500 mL of medium was able to maintain constant the production of CMCase (0.346 U mL-1) and xylanase (1.273 U mL-1) on the fermented culture. Ultrafiltered and concentrated extract presented CMCase activities practically constant in all temperature ranges (30-80°C) and pH (3.0-9.0), while xylanase optimum activity temperature was 50°C and pH in the range of 3.0 to 5.0. CMCase activity remained stable for 24 hours at 50°C and xylanase was reduced in 53% after two hours incubation at the same temperature. CMCase and xylanase obtained by A. niger KIJH cultivated in submerged culture containing J. corumbensis as carbon source may have application in biotechnology processes that require enzymes that remain active under routine extreme conditions.

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