scholarly journals Application of polyaniline nanofibers for the construction of nitrate all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Pietrzak ◽  
Cecylia Wardak ◽  
Szymon Malinowski
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Measuring Range ◽  
Polyaniline Nanofibers ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Nitrate Determination

AbstractThe application of polyaniline nanofibers doped with chloride and nitrate ions (PANINFs-Cl and PANINFs-NO3) in potentiometry was described. Both kinds of nanofibers were used as an ion-to-electron transducer in ion-selective electrodes with solid contact (SCISEs). Extensive research on the properties of the nanofibers themselves (SEM, UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR) and the constructed electrodes (potentiometric methods, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) has been carried out. Basic analytical parameters of electrodes containing various nanofibers contents in the ion-selective membrane and with nanofibers as an intermediate layer were determined. It was found that application of PANI nanofibers resulted in improvement of electrode performance (among others, better stability and reversibility of the electrode potential). The obtained sensors were characterized by a high slope of the calibration curve, a wide measuring range and a fast response time. Moreover, they were insensitive to change of redox potential, as well as light and the presence of oxygen in the solution, what is important from a practical point of view. They were also successfully used for nitrate determination in real environmental samples.

scholarly journals Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes for Histamine Determination

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 6658
Author(s):  
Siyuan Ma ◽  
You Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Ye Wang ◽  
Guang Li
Keyword(s):  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Gold Wire ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Ph Range

Solid-contact ion-selective electrodes for histamine (HA) determination were fabricated and studied. Gold wire (0.5 mm diameter) was coated with poly(3,4-ethlenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a solid conductive layer. The polyvinyl chloride matrix embedded with 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl(porphyrinato)iron(iii) chloride as an ionophore, 2-nitrophenyloctyl ether as a plasticizer and potassium tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl) borate as an ion exchanger was used to cover the PEDOT:PSS layer as a selective membrane. The characteristics of the HA electrodes were also investigated. The detection limit of 8.58 × 10−6 M, the fast response time of less than 5 s, the good reproducibility, the long-term stability and the selectivity in the presence of common interferences in biological fluids were satisfactory. The electrode also performed stably in the pH range of 7–8 and the temperature range of 35–41 °C. Additionally, the recovery rate of 99.7% in artificial cerebrospinal fluid showed the potential for the electrode to be used in biological applications.

scholarly journals Ion-to-electron capacitance of single-walled carbon nanotube layers before and after ion-selective membrane deposition

2021 ◽  
Vol 188 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Zdrachek ◽  
Eric Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Single Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Single Walled Carbon ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
High Potential Stability ◽  
Potential Stability

AbstractThe capacitance of the ion-to-electron transducer layer helps to maintain a high potential stability of solid-contact ion-selective electrodes (SC-ISEs), and its estimation is therefore an essential step of SC-ISE characterization. The established chronopotentiometric protocol used to evaluate the capacitance of the single-walled carbon nanotube transducer layer was revised in order to obtain more reliable and better reproducible values and also to allow capacitance to be measured before membrane deposition for electrode manufacturing quality control purposes. The capacitance values measured with the revised method increased linearly with the number of deposited carbon nanotube–based transducer layers and were also found to correlate linearly before and after ion-selective membrane deposition, with correlation slopes close to 1 for nitrate-selective electrodes, to 0.7 and to 0.5 for potassium- and calcium-selective electrodes. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Beryllium-Ion-Selective PEDOT Solid Contact Electrode Based on 9,10-Dinitrobenzo-9-Crown-3-Ether

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6375
Author(s):  
Junghwan Kim ◽  
Dae Hee Kim ◽  
Jin Cheol Yang ◽  
Jae Sang Kim ◽  
Ji Ha Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Response Characteristics ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Nernstian Slope ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Contact Electrode

A beryllium(II)-ion-selective poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) solid contact electrode comprising 9,10-dinitrobenzo-9-crown-3-ether was successfully developed. The all-solid-state contact electrode, with an oxygen-containing cation-sensing membrane combined with an electropolymerized PEDOT layer, exhibited the best response characteristics. The performance of the constructed electrode was evaluated and optimized using potentiometry, conductance measurements, constant-current chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Under optimized conditions, which were found for an ion-selective membrane (ISM) composition of 3% ionophore, 30% polyvinylchloride (PVC), 64% o-nitro phenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE), and 3% sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB), the fabricated electrode exhibited a good performance over a wide concentration range (10−2.5–10−7.0 M) and a wide pH range of 2.0–9.0, with a Nernstian slope of 29.5 mV/D for the beryllium (II) ion and a detection limit as low as 10−7.0 M. The developed electrode shows good selectivity for the beryllium(II) ion over alkali, alkaline earth, transition, and heavy metal ions.

scholarly journals All-Solid-State Ion-Selective Electrodes Based on Graphite Paste for Determination of Calcium(II) and Nitrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Johannes Schwarz ◽  
Ute Enseleit ◽  
Kathrin Trommer ◽  
Michael Mertig
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Diglycolic Acid ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Pvc Membranes

Robust and easy-to-handle ion-selective electrodes in all-solid-state configurations based on graphite paste have been developed for applications in environmental samples. The electrode consists of different functional layers (graphite paste, conducting polymer, ion-selective membrane). The ion-selective compounds have been incorporated in polyvinylchloride (PVC) membranes. Polypyrrole (PPy) acts as a solid contact and an intermediate layer between the ion-selective membrane and the graphite paste. As ion-complexing compounds tridodecylmethylammonium nitrate (TDMA-NO3) for nitrate, N,N,N’,N’-tetra[cyclohexyl]diglycolic acid diamide and N,N-dicyclohexyl-N‘,N‘-dioctadecyl-diglycolic diamide for calcium(II) determinations have been used. The electrodes have been tested in drinking and well water samples by direct potentiometric determination and by titrations. The results have been compared to ion chromatography as the reference method. Both ion selective electrodes exhibit linear response from 10-5 mol/L to 10-1 mol/L respectively. The detection limits for the target ions are below 10-6 mol/L based on the respective ion.

scholarly journals A miniaturized solid-contact potentiometric multisensor platform for determination of ionic profiles in human saliva

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 3299-3308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Urbanowicz ◽  
Dorota G. Pijanowska ◽  
Artur Jasiński ◽  
Marcin Ekman ◽  
Maria K. Bocheńska
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Intermediate Layer ◽  
Gold Electrode ◽  
Human Saliva ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Selective Membrane ◽  
Metrological Parameters

Abstract This paper describes a miniaturized multisensor platform (MP-ISES) consisting of electrodes: a reference one (RE) and ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) for monitoring Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, and SCN− ions and pH in human saliva. Gold electrode surface was modified by deposition of two layers: electrosynthesized PEDOT:PSS forming an intermediate layer, and ion-selective membrane. The developed ISEs were characterized by a wide linear range and sensitivity consistent with the Nernst model. The entire MP-ISEs are characterized by satisfactory metrological parameters demonstrating their applicability in biomedical research, in particular in measurements concerning determination of ionic profiles of saliva. Saliva samples of 18 volunteers aged from 20 to 26 participating in a month experiment had been daily collected and investigated using the MP-ISEs assigned individually to each person. Personalized profiles of ions (ionograms) in saliva, such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SCN−, and H+, were obtained.

scholarly journals All Solid-State Poly (Vinyl Chloride) Membrane Potentiometric Sensor Integrated with Nano-Beads Imprinted Polymers for Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Bispyribac Herbicide as Organic Pollutant

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nashwa Abdalla ◽  
Maha Youssef ◽  
H. Algarni ◽  
Nasser Awwad ◽  
Ayman Kamel
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Potentiometric Sensors ◽  
Pvc Membrane ◽  
Aliquat 336 ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Selective Membrane

All-solid-state potentiometric sensors were prepared by using polyaniline (PANI) as the solid contact material. A film of PANI (thickness approximately being 0.25 µm) was deposited on a solid substrate (carbon screen printed platform). The PANI layer was subsequently coated with an ion-selective membrane (ISM) containing uniform-sized molecularly imprinted nanoparticles to produce a solid-contact ion-selective electrode (SC/ISE) for bispyribac herbicide (sensor I). In addition, aliquat 336 was also used as an ion exchanger in plasticized PVC membrane (sensor II). The proposed sensors revealed a remarkably improved sensitivity towards bispyribac ions with anionic slopes of −47.8 ± 1.1 (r2 = 0.9995) and −44.4 ± 1.4 (r2 = 0.9997) mV/decade over a linear range 1.0 × 10−2–8.6 × 10−6 M, 1.0 × 10−2–9.0 × 10−6 M and detection limits of 1.33 and 1.81 µg/mL for sensors I and II, respectively.Selectivity of both sensors is significantly high for different common pesticides and inorganic anions. The potential stability of the SC/ISEs was studied using chronopotentiometry. Electrochemical impedance spectrometry was used to understand the charge-transfer mechanisms of the different types of ion-selective electrodes studied. The impedance response of the electrodes was modelled by using equivalent electrical circuits. The sensors were used for a direct measurement of the bispyribac content in commercial herbicide formulations and soil samples collected from agricultural lands planted with rice and sprayed with bispyribac herbicide. The results agree fairly well with data obtained using HPLC method.

scholarly journals Potassium-Selective Solid-Contact Electrode with High-Capacitance Hydrous Iridium Dioxide in the Transduction Layer

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Nikola Lenar ◽  
Robert Piech ◽  
Jan Wyrwa ◽  
Beata Paczosa-Bator
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Water Layer ◽  
Linear Range ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Iridium Dioxide ◽  
Potentiometric Response ◽  
Coated Disc ◽  
Selective Membrane

This work presents new material for solid-contact layers—hydrous iridium dioxide IrO2·2H2O, characterized by high electrical capacitance value, evaluated using chronopotentiometry (1.22 mF) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (1.57 mF). The remarkable electrical parameters of layers resulted in great analytical parameters of IrO2·2H2O-contacted potassium-selective electrodes. Various parameters of ion-selective electrodes were examined in the scope of this work using a potentiometry method including: linear range, repeatability, stability of potentiometric response and sensitivity to varying measurement conditions. The analytical parameters obtained for solid-contact electrodes were compared with the ones obtained for coated disc electrodes to evaluate the influence of the iridium dioxide layer. The linear range of the IrO2·2H2O-contacted K+-selective electrodes covered concentrations of K+ ions from 10−6 to 10−1 M and the potential stability was estimated at 0.097 mV/h. The IrO2·2H2O-contacted electrodes turned out to be insensitive to varying light exposure and changes in the pH values of measured solutions (in the pH range of 2 to 10.5). A water layer test proved that, contrary to the coated disc electrode, the substantial water film is not formed between the ion-selective membrane and iridium dioxide layer.

scholarly journals Improved Solid-Contact Nitrate Ion Selective Electrodes Based on Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) as an Ion-to-Electron Transducer

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 3891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan ◽  
Eldin ◽  
Amr ◽  
Al-Omar ◽  
Kamel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
Ion Selective Electrodes ◽  
Solid Contact ◽  
Nitrate Ion ◽  
Ion Sensing ◽  
Coated Disc ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Nitrate Determination ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Possible improvement of the performance characteristics, reliability and selectivity of solid-contact nitrate ion-selective electrodes (ISE) (SC/NO3−-ISE) is attained by the application of a nitron-nitrate (Nit+/NO3−) ion association complex and inserting multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as an ion-to-electron transducer between the ion sensing membrane (ISM) and the electronic conductor glassy carbon (GC) substrate. The potentiometric performance of the proposed electrode revealed a Nernstian slope −55.1 ± 2.1 (r² = 0.997) mV/decade in the range from 8.0 × 10−8–1 × 10−2 M with a detection limit of 2.8 × 10−8 (1.7 ng/mL). Selectivity, repeatability and reproducibility of the proposed sensors were considerably improved as compared to the coated disc electrode (GC/NO3−-ISE) without insertion of a MWCNT layer. Short-term potential stability and capacitance of the proposed sensors were tested using a current-reversal chronopotentiometric technique. The potential drift in presence of a MWCNT layer decreased from 167 μVs−1 (i.e., in absence of MWCNTs) to 16.6 μVs−1. In addition, the capacitance was enhanced from 5.99 μF (in absence of MWCNTs) to 60.3 μF (in the presence of MWCNTs). The presented electrodes were successfully applied for nitrate determination in real samples with good accuracy.

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