Contribution of host and environmental factors to the hyperparasitism of coffee rust under field conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Martins ◽  
A. C. Soares ◽  
F. H. V. Medeiros ◽  
D. B. C. Santos ◽  
E. A. Pozza
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Coffee Rust

scholarly journals Biological control of coffee rust by antagonistic bacteria under field conditions in Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Haddad ◽  
Luiz A. Maffia ◽  
Eduardo S.G. Mizubuti ◽  
Hudson Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Coffee Rust

scholarly journals Climate Data to Predict Geometry of Cracks in Expansive Soils in a Tropical Semiarid Region

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
Jacques Carvalho Ribeiro Filho ◽  
Eunice Maia de Andrade ◽  
Maria Simas Guerreiro ◽  
Helba Araujo de Queiroz Palácio ◽  
José Bandeira Brasil
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Expansive Soils ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Very High

The nonlinear dynamics of the determining factors of the morphometric characteristics of cracks in expansive soils make their typification a challenge, especially under field conditions. To overcome this difficulty, we used artificial neural networks to estimate crack characteristics in a Vertisol under field conditions. From July 2019 to June 2020, the morphometric characteristics of soil cracks (area, depth and volume), and environmental factors (soil moisture, rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and water balance) were monitored and evaluated in six experimental plots in a tropical semiarid region. Sixty-six events were measured in each plot to calibrate and validate two sets of inputs in the multilayer neural network model. One set was comprised of environmental factors with significant correlations with the morphometric characteristics of cracks in the soil. The other included only those with a significant high and very high correlation, reducing the number of variables by 35%. The set with the significant high and very high correlations showed greater accuracy in predicting crack characteristics, implying that it is preferable to have fewer variables with a higher correlation than to have more variables of lower correlation in the model. Both sets of data showed a good performance in predicting area and depth of cracks in the soils with a clay content above 30%. The highest dispersion of modeled over predicted values for all morphometric characteristics was in soils with a sand content above 40%. The model was successful in evaluating crack characteristics from environmental factors within its limitations and may support decisions on watershed management in view of climate-change scenarios.

A TECHNIQUE FOR IN SITU REMOVAL OF SUBTERRANEAN PLANT MATERIALS GROWN UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN CLAY-TILE MICROPLOTS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 807-809
Author(s):  
D. R. PHILLIPS ◽  
J. D. GAYNOR
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Perennial Plants ◽  
Clay Tiles ◽  
Clay Tile

A microplot system to study environmental factors on biological processes of perennial plants under field conditions is described. The plots consisted of clay tiles 35 × 35 × 70 cm placed vertically in the soil. A moveable base support with a steel rod attached through the center facilitated removal of the tile contents. Test vegetative material e.g. rhizomes, tubers, etc. was positioned within the tile during filling with soil. Top growth measurements could be made and tile contents extracted in predetermined increments of depth with a tripod and winch attached to the steel rod. The system was inexpensively fabricated from readily available materials.Key words: Root growth, root distribution

Factors in Examining Fate of Herbicides in Soil with Bioassays

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold P. Appleby
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Herbicide Residues ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Herbicide Residue

A primary reason for studying the fate of a herbicide in soil is because of its potential effect, beneficial or detrimental, on plants. Herbicide concentrations in soil often can be accurately analyzed by chemical or physical procedures. But such quantitative measurements sometimes are not well correlated with plant response because of a number of interacting soil and environmental factors. If the question is not “How much herbicide residue is present in the soil?”, but rather “How much potential exists for herbicidal effects on plants?”, then the use of plants as one aspect of studies on herbicide persistence can be valuable. This paper addresses factors influencing the response of plants to herbicide residues under field conditions.

Fluctuating Temperatures Break Seed Dormancy of Catclaw Mimosa (Mimosa pigra)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Dillon ◽  
Frank Forcella
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Mimosa Pigra ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Fluctuating Temperatures

Because environmental factors facilitating the breaking of dormancy of seed of catclaw mimosa (Mimosa pigra L. ♯ MIMPI) under field conditions were unknown, the effect of constant temperatures (2 to 44 C) on germination of scarified and unscarified seeds, and the effect of diurnally fluctuating temperatures on unscarified seeds were examined. Temperatures fluctuated diurnally by 10 and 20 C in these latter experiments. Germination was less than 10% at all constant temperatures except 44 C, which had 40% germination. Scarification increased germination to 100% at constant temperatures greater than 12 C. Germination of unscarified seed was significantly lower (0 to 23%) when day/night temperature ranges fluctuated by 10 C than when they fluctuated by 20 C. Optimum temperature for germination was 40/20 C, where 93% germination occurred within 4 days.

scholarly journals Growing test results of Russian tomato cultivars originated at All-Russian Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding and Seed Production in Bulgaria

2009 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
I.U. Kondratieva ◽  
O. Georgieva ◽  
D. Ganeva
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Vegetable Breeding ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
High Adaptation ◽  
Russian Research

The tested tomato cultivars had been bred and adapted to environmental factors with regard to open field cultivation in Nonchernozem zone of Russia. Agriculturally valuable traits were studied in many regions: Astrakhan, Volgograd, Belgorod, Primorie krai, and also in Uzbekistan, Moldavia, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Ukraine, and Byelorussia. Results that had been analyzed provided information concerning the ecological cultivar sustainable adaptation and required biodiversity. Russian tomato cultivars that possessed high adaptation characteristics were tested for 2 years in open field conditions of Bulgaria and Russia.

scholarly journals Takir some study of environmental factors on the weight of some phases of the screwworm fly the ancient world

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Screwworm Fly

The weight of larvae virgins and Alcamlat for males more than the weight of females of the roles themselves that the highest rate of loss in weight of larvae developed to virgins when field conditions were (21.5,22,21.3) mg during June and July and August respectively, recorded the highest degrees of heat and less attributed to moisture

Tolerance of Intertidal Amphipods to Fluctuating Conditions of Salinity, Oxygen and Copper

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Ritz
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Static Conditions

Bioassays designed to test the effect of single or some combination of environmental factors or pollutants on aquatic organisms are usually performed in constant levels of the imposed conditions and commonly in static rather than flowing water. The reason for this is usually one of convenience and practical simplicity and the results are valid for the set of conditions imposed. However, since aquatic organisms are rarely exposed to constant and static conditions, the results of such tests cannot with confidence be extrapolated to field conditions. This is particularly true in the case of estuarine organisms for which, change is the rule.

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