Ultrasonic pretreatment for low-temperature hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae: enhancing the bio-oil yield and heating value

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saber ◽  
Abooali Golzary ◽  
Hu Wu ◽  
Fumitake Takahashi ◽  
Kunio Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil

scholarly journals Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Penicillin Residue for the Production of Bio-Oil over Different Homogeneous/Heterogeneous Catalysts

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Chen Hong ◽  
Zhiqiang Wang ◽  
Yanxiao Si ◽  
Yi Xing ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Cracking Reaction ◽  
Secondary Cracking ◽  
Antibiotic Fermentation

In this study, penicillin residue (PR) was used to prepare bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction. The effects of homogeneous (organic acid and alkaline catalysts) and heterogeneous catalysts (zeolite molecular sieve) on the yield and properties of bio-oil were investigated. The results show that there are significant differences in the catalytic performance of the catalysts. The effect of homogeneous catalysts on the bio-oil yield was not significant, which only increased from 26.09 (no catalysts) to 31.44 wt.% (Na2CO3, 8 wt.%). In contrast, heterogeneous catalysts had a more obvious effect, and the oil yield reached 36.44 wt.% after adding 5 wt.% MCM-48. Increasing the amount of catalyst enhanced the yield of bio-oil, but excessive amounts of catalyst led to a secondary cracking reaction, resulting in a reduction in bio-oil. Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction reduced the contents of heteroatoms (oxygen, mainly), slightly increased the contents of C and H in the bio-oil and increased the higher heating value (HHV) and energy recovery (ER) of bio-oil. FTIR and GC-MS analyses showed that the addition of catalysts was beneficial in increasing hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing hydrocarbons in bio-oil and reducing the proportion of nitrogen-containing substances. Comprehensive analyses of the distribution of aromatic, nitrogen-containing and oxygen-containing components in bio-oil were also performed. This work is beneficial for further research on the preparation of bio-oil by hydrothermal liquefaction of antibiotic fermentation residue.

scholarly journals BIO-OIL FROM RUBBER WOOD: EFFECTS OF UPGRADING CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Hong Nam Nguyen ◽  
Bùi Văn Đức ◽  
Ngoc Linh Vu ◽  
Hong Nam Nguyen ◽  
Thi Thu Ha Vu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Product Quality ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Rubber Wood ◽  
Bio Oil

Despite its prominent potential, the use of rubber wood (Hevea brasiliensis) for bio-oil production has not been fully investigated. This study reported experimental results of the bio-oil production and upgrading from rubber wood using fast pyrolysis technology. The effects of catalyst nature (vermiculite and dolomite), upgrading temperature and bio-oil/catalyst ratio on the product quality were deeply investigated. The results showed that dolomite was suitable to be used as a catalyst for bio-oil upgrading. At 600 °C and a bio-oil/catalyst ratio of 1:1, the bio-oil yield was maximized, while at 400 °C and a ratio of 1:3, the bio-oil heating value was maximized. Depending on usage purposes, a yield-oriented, heating value-oriented or in-between bio-oil upgrading solution could be considered.

scholarly journals Experimental studies of hydrothermal liquefaction of kitchen waste with H+, OH− and Fe3+ additives for bio-oil upgrading

2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2095740
Author(s):  
Lixian Wang ◽  
Yong Chi ◽  
Di Shu ◽  
Elsa Weiss-Hortala ◽  
Ange Nzihou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Solid Waste Treatment

Kitchen waste (KW) has gradually become a prominent problem in municipal solid waste treatment. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a promising method used to make fuel oil from food and KW. However, the upgrading of bio-oil is particularly important for the sake of industrial reuse. In this study, the KW from university restaurants was subjected to HTL experiments in order to study theoretical feasibility. With the change of conversion temperature and residence time, the optimal conversion working conditions in this study were determined according to the quality and yield of the bio-oil. Moreover, the bio-oil upgrading effects of different additives (hydrogen chloride, sodium hydroxide, and iron(III) chloride) on the HTL of KW were studied. Alkaline additives have an inhibitory effect on the bio-oil yield and positive effect on coke yield. Acidic additives and iron (Fe)-containing additives can promote bio-oil yield. As an important aspect of upgrading, the effect on the nitrogen content of bio-oil with additives was revealed. The alkaline and Fe-containing additives have little effect on reducing the viscosity of the bio-oil while with the appropriate ratio (2.5 mol•kg−1) of acidic additives to the raw material, the static and dynamic fluidity of the oil phase products are reduced to about 0.1 Pa•s.

Process Water Recycle in Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Microalgae To Enhance Bio-oil Yield

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2422-2430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elia Armandina Ramos-Tercero ◽  
Alberto Bertucco ◽  
D. W. F. (Wim) Brilman
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Water Recycle

Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Wheat Straws for Bio-Oil and Related Analyses

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2419-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Xiao Juan Liu ◽  
Yan Xing Liu ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Jian Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Optimal Reaction

The liquefaction of wheat straws in sub-critical water to obtain bio-oil was investigated in this paper. We observed that the reaction temperature (300-374 °C) and reaction time (1-15 min) played important roles in the yield of bio-oil and found the optimal reaction conditions (340 °C, 5 min). The bio-oil was analyzed by elemental analysis, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results indicated that the heating value of bio-oil product was 32-38 MJ/kg, higher than that of the bio-oil obtained from microalgae, and the product was composed of ketones, phenol and its derivatives, aromatics and small amount of aldehydes and ethers.

scholarly journals Flash co-pyrolysis of biomass with polyhydroxybutyrate: Part 1. Influence on bio-oil yield, water content, heating value and the production of chemicals

Fuel ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 2523-2532 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Cornelissen ◽  
M. Jans ◽  
J. Yperman ◽  
G. Reggers ◽  
S. Schreurs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Pyrolysis Of Biomass

scholarly journals Effect of Composition of Iron-Cobalt Oxide Catalyst and Process Parameters on The Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Sugarcane Bagasse

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-198
Author(s):  
Gopalakrishnan Govindasamy ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Sunu Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Iron Cobalt ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Biomass Ratio ◽  
Total Oil

Development of catalyst with high deoxygenation activity and optimum process parameters are the key for getting the highest biooil yield with the least oxygen content by hydrothermal liquefaction. With this view, iron-cobalt oxides of Co/Fe ratio 0.33, 1.09, 2.35, and 3.52 were prepared by co-precipitation method, and characterized by XRD, BET surface area, chemical composition by EDX method, and evaluated for hydrothermal liquefaction of sugarcane bagasse in a high-pressure batch reactor under subcritical conditions using CO as process gas to find the optimum Co/Fe ratio and process parameters. Optimum Co/Fe ratio was found to be 1.09 as it gave the highest bio-oil yield of 57.6% with the least oxygen content of 10.8%, attributed to the cobalt ferrite, the major phase present in it. The optimum temperature, initial CO pressure, water/biomass ratio, catalyst/biomass ratio and reaction time for the highest oil yield with the least oxygen content were found to be 250 °C, 45 bar, 28, 0.4, and 120 min,  respectively. From the effect of reaction time, it was found that much of the hydrolysis of lignocellulose to water soluble oxygenates, its deoxygenation to bio-oil and its deoxygenation to low oxygen containing bio-oil took place in initial 15 min, 15 to 60 min, and from 30 to 120 min, respectively. Total oil yield (%) was lower by 21% and % oxygen in total oil was higher by 9.9% for spent catalyst compared to fresh catalyst indicating the erosion in the deoxygenation activity of catalyst and thus need for improving its hydrothermal stability. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved

scholarly journals Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Microalgae using Fe-MCM 41 Catalyst in Presence of Carbon Monoxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-694
Author(s):  
R. Sharma ◽  
A.K. Tiwari ◽  
A. Singh ◽  
N. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Chlorella Pyrenoidosa ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Process Pressure ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Hot Compressed Water ◽  
Generation Biofuel ◽  
Nitrogen Contents ◽  
Mcm 41

Among the various types of biomass, microalgae have a potential to become a significant energy source for the production of third generation biofuel. The hydrothermal liquefaction is the direct biomass-to-liquid conversion route carried out in the hot compressed water with or without the presence of a catalyst. In this study, the process pressure and temperature is reduced, but at a lower temperature, bio-oil yield is not high enough to make hydrothermal liquefaction an economical technique. Thus, Fe-MCM 41 catalyst was used to increase the bio-oil yield at low temperatures (250 ºC). This catalyst increased the total bio-oil yield from 42.7 to 61.28 % in hydrothermal liquefaction of Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The bio-oil yield (%) of oil 1, 2 & 3 were 24.72, 17.08 & 19.48, respectively obtained at 250 ºC by using catalyst. Moreover, use of catalyst also resulted in the decrease in oxygen and nitrogen contents of bio-oil and consequently increases in its heating value.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae after different pre-treatments

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1546-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail S Vlaskin ◽  
Anatoly V Grigorenko ◽  
Nadezhda I Chernova ◽  
Sophia V. Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Oil Fraction ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquefaction Process

Hydrothermal liquefaction of different microalgae samples ( Arthrospira platensis cultivated by our research group) – fresh (directly after harvesting), dried and frozen – have been performed. In hydrothermal liquefaction process, the samples were heated up to 300°C for 30 min and kept at a constant temperature for 60 min. Then dichloromethane was added to the samples to extract the oil fraction. The products obtained after aqueous and dichloromethane solutions evaporation are referred to as water soluble organics and bio-oil correspondingly. The experiments on hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae pre-treated in different ways were conducted for three independent harvest samples. The average values of bio-oil yield in the experiments with fresh, dried and frozen microalgae were equal to 44.07%, 39.97% and 39.65%, respectively. The average yields of water soluble organics were equal to 19.34%, 29.00% and 21.43% respectively. In all the experiments, the highest yield of bio-oil was reached for fresh microalgae. From this point of view, direct hydrothermal liquefaction processing of fresh microalgae seems to be more preferable that further enhances the advantage of hydrothermal liquefaction in comparison with other biomass-to-biofuel conversion methods.

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