Unraveling the nutritional and therapeutic properties of ‘Kavuni’ a traditional rice variety of Tamil Nadu

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Valarmathi ◽  
M. Raveendran ◽  
S. Robin ◽  
N. Senthil
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Traditional Rice

scholarly journals Risk Behavior of Farmers Cultivating Traditional Rice Varieties in Erode District, Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
pp. 349-357
Author(s):  
G. Kaviya ◽  
A. Vidhyavathi ◽  
S. Padma Rani ◽  
M. Nirmala Devi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Traditional Rice

This study investigates the risk behavior of traditional rice variety growers in Erode District of Tamil Nadu state, using Moscardi and De Janvry approach and Discriminant analysis technique. A well structured questioner was prepared and purposive random sampling was done in three blocks which covers highest cultivable area under paddy namely Gobichettipalayam, Modakurichi and Bhavani in Erode district. Each traditional rice varieties have some unique characteristics i.e some are pest and disease resistant, drought resistant, resistant to waterlogged condition and have medicinal values. The present study was done to identify the major risks, to quantify the risk attitude and to identify the factors influencing risk attitude of the traditional variety growers in Erode District. In the research it was found that the varieties preferred by farmers were Thuyamalli, Kichadi samba, Karuppukavuni, Mapillai samba,Arcaud Kichadi Samba, Poongar, Thanga Samba, Sivan Samba and few other varieties they were cultivating in small areas using organic farming method.The major risk found in cultivating traditional rice varieties were market risk followed by human labour risk, processing risk, input risk, technology risk, institutional risk, natural risk and other risks include transport risk and storage risk. The farmers were grouped into three categories i.e., risk preferrers (63.33 per cent), risk neutral (28.33 per cent) and risk averse (8.33 per cent) based on risk attitude. Once again the farmers in each group was categorized into low, medium, high risk based on nine factors namely, farmers age, major occupation, years of schooling, family size, membership in any of the farmers association, proportion of paddy area to total farm area, proportion of paddy income to total farm income, experience and adequacy of market which were influencing the risk attitude of farmers. In order to conserve the traditional rice varieties from extinction, to restore the soil health, to ensure nutritional security the farmers were willing to take risk.

scholarly journals Screening Out the Phytochemicals and Colour Values in White and Black Rice Lines and Its Interrelationship

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
T. Vasantha Theiventhiran ◽  
S. Amutha ◽  
J. Ramalingam ◽  
G. Hemalatha ◽  
T. Umamaheswari
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Differential Method ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Rice Line ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Problem: Kavuni is a traditional black rice variety of Tamil Nadu, India it rich in nutritional and therapeutic properties.  These traits it is not being cultivated widely, due to long duration, poor tillering and low yielding agronomic characters. Objectives: In the  study, twenty three breeding rice lines from the cross between black kavuni and Co 50  were investigated for colour values and phytochemical viz., total phenols content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and total anthocyanin content (TAC). Methods: Twenty five rice samples were grouped as black and white rice based on colour of aleuronic layer by visual inspection. The color values expressed as L* (lightness), a* (redness), b* (yellowness), H° (hue) and C (chroma). TPC by the Folin–Ciocalteu method and expressed as milligram of gallic acid equivalent (mg GAE/g) per g. TFC by aluminum chloride method and expressed as mg catechin equivalent (mg CATE) per 100 g. TAC was measured by pH differential method, expressed as mg cyaniding 3-glucoside per 100 g (c3-glucoside/100 g). Main results: The black phenotype rice had low value in L*, b*, C, H° and high values in a* than the white color rice. In the black rice group, 145-6 breeding line had darker black aleuronic layer than other black rice. The TPC, TFC and TAC ranged between 0.74 -3.24 mg GAE/g, 12.79 – 82.58 mg CATE/100 g and 0.4-223.76 mg c3-glucoside/100 g, respectively.  High level of TPC, TFC and TAC were recorded in black phenotypic rice, where as lower levels in white rice. The maximum amount of TPC and TAC were observed in 145-6 rice line, which on par with parent black kavuni rice.  The maximum level TFC was observed in 144-2 rice line than the parent rice kavuni. The TPC, TFC and TAC were negatively correlated with L*, b*, C and H° values and positively correlated with a* values at 0.01 probability level. Among the 23 rice lines, based on TPC, TAC and TFC the superior breeding rice lines were 145-6 and 144-2 respectively. The results showed that dark black grain has higher phytochemicals than white grain. Main recommendation:  The results indicate provide the opportunities to further increase the nutritional benefits of some food products from black rice in terms of therapeutic properties.

scholarly journals Developmental variation in ovaries and kernels in a multi-kernelled rice variety- Jugal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallabi Saha ◽  
H.A. Murali ◽  
Bidhan Roy
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Developmental Variation ◽  
Traditional Cultivars ◽  
Developmental Course ◽  
Traditional Rice ◽  
Single Ovary

ABSTRACTThe rice fruit or spikelet contains only one kernel. A handful traditional cultivars are available with more than one ovaries/kernels per spikelet. Jugal, a traditional rice cultivar from West Bengal, India possess multiple ovaries before flowering and multiples kernels per spikelet. In this endeavour, the single grained-spikelet varied from 0.00 to 46.26% per panicle. Single pistillated-spikelet was first reported on 8th day before flowering and it was 2.63%. The number of spikelet bearing single ovary/kernel gradually increased till the panicle emergence and then till physiological maturity of grains. Maximum single kernelled-spikelet was recorded on 30th day after panicle emergence (46.26%). The double ovary/kernelled-spikelet per panicle varied from 53.74% to 95.39%. High percentage of double pistillated-spikelet per panicle was recorded before heading and it was more than 90% or very near to 90%. Gradually the double pistillated-spikelet per panicle decreased with the advancement of developmental course of the panicle and continued to decrease till grain maturity. Lowest percentage (53.74%) of double kernelled-spikelet per panicle was observed on 30th day after panicle emergence and it almost remained static till harvest of the crop. Triple pistillated-spikelet was 4.33% per on 10th day before panicle emergence. On 9th day before panicle emergence it was 2.33% and on 8th day before panicle it was 1.00% only and subsequently, no triple pistillated-spikelet was observed till grain maturity. However, randomly one/two triple kernelled-spikelet was also reported. It would be useful if all the spikelets were doubled kernelled. The shape of kernels obtained from doubled kernelled-spikelets were slender, which has high demand among the urban and sub-urban consumers.

Kepelbagaian Sumber Genetik Padi di Bank Gen Padi MARDI Seberang Perai

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Site Noorzuraini Abd Rahman ◽  
Mohd Shukri Mat Ali ◽  
Ismail Muhamod Nor ◽  
Latefi Mahmud ◽  
Fauziah Shafie
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Collaboration Project ◽  
Traditional Rice

Rice Genebank located in MARDI Seberang Perai was the first seeds bank in Malaysia which was established in year 1989 with the objective for conserving the diversity of Malaysian rice germplasms from extinction and for utilization in future research and breeding program. The germplasms were gathered through collection expeditions in entire Malaysia, while the foreign seed varieties were gathered through collaboration project involved seeds exchange. Until now, a total of 12,258 accessions of rice are conserved in this Genebank comprised of 32% of traditional rice varieties, 35.7% of released rice varieties and breeding lines developed by MARDI and the remaining are consisted of introduced rice varieties. This study observed the rice accessions conserved in the genebank are highly variability. Several morphological traits of rice also shown highly significant correlations between traits; thus this finding is important for research and variety development for produce new high-yielding rice variety for accommodate the national food supply. 

Genetic diversity analysis and metabolite profiling of pharmaceutical value Indigenous rice varieties of Tamil Nadu (Oryza sativa Linn.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 447-464
Author(s):  
Rajalakshmi Settu ◽  
◽  
Jayanthi Balakrishnan ◽  
Sarathi Kannan Dhavamani ◽  
Manoj Srinivas Ravi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Indigenous Rice Varieties

Evaluation of local indigenous medicinal rice (Oryza sativa Linn.) varieties using molecular and metabolic profiling plays dynamic role for unravelling the genetic variability and restorative bio actives. In the present study, 18 screened random decamer (RAPD) markers were used to analyze genetic diversity and relationship among 25 indigenous landraces and 1 commercial rice varieties (White ponni), and GC-MS profiling of phylogenetic clusters positioned 4 random indigenous rice varieties and 1 White ponni rice were documented for exploring bioactive metabolites. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of twenty-six rice varieties of Tamil Nadu divulges significant genetic differentiation. The primers produced total of 92 bands with size ranges from 100-8500bp out of 74 were polymorphic bands indicating 80% polymorphism. The mean values of RAPD for polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.268, effective multiple ratio (EMR) of 23.38, marker index (MI) of 7.39 and the resolving power (Rp) of 4.34. The primer OPA-02, OPD-08, OPF-13 produced maximum number of bands (8), OPAA-07 produced minimum number of band (2). The UPGMA dendrogram were constructed based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficients. The dendrogram resolved the indigenous rice varieties into 3 main clusters and 3 monoclades ranged from 0.467 to 0.860, commercial rice variety shows marginal ungrouped position of 1. In the 3-main clustering, based GC-MS profilling (methanol and acetone rice bran extracts) of Karuppu Kavuni, Karuthakar, Kottara samba, Kaivara samba and ungrouped position of White ponni revealed 88 distinctive bioactive metabolites. And profiling results substantiate that the traditional rice varieties hold promising therapeutic metabolites for sedentary lifestyle disorders.

scholarly journals Genome-wide DNA polymorphisms in Kavuni, a traditional rice cultivar with nutritional and therapeutic properties

Genome ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasupathi Rathinasabapathi ◽  
Natarajan Purushothaman ◽  
Madasamy Parani
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Rice Genome ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Premium Price ◽  
Traditional Cultivars ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Traditional Rice

Although rice genome was sequenced in the year 2002, efforts in resequencing the large number of available accessions, landraces, traditional cultivars, and improved varieties of this important food crop are limited. We have initiated resequencing of the traditional cultivars from India. Kavuni is an important traditional rice cultivar from South India that attracts premium price for its nutritional and therapeutic properties. Whole-genome sequencing of Kavuni using Illumina platform and SNPs analysis using Nipponbare reference genome identified 1 150 711 SNPs of which 377 381 SNPs were located in the genic regions. Non-synonymous SNPs (62 708) were distributed in 19 251 genes, and their number varied between 1 and 115 per gene. Large-effect DNA polymorphisms (7769) were present in 3475 genes. Pathway mapping of these polymorphisms revealed the involvement of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, translation, protein-folding, and cell death. Analysis of the starch biosynthesis related genes revealed that the granule-bound starch synthase I gene had T/G SNPs at the first intron/exon junction and a two-nucleotide combination, which were reported to favour high amylose content and low glycemic index. The present study provided a valuable genomics resource to study the rice varieties with nutritional and medicinal properties.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document