Primary Periphyseal Stress Injuries in Young Athletes: A Systematic Review

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the current evidence by assessing the effectiveness of integrative neuromuscular training programs in injury prevention and sports performance in young athletes. Different data sources were analyzed up to January 2018. Eligible studies contained information on population (young athletes), intervention (neuromuscular training), comparator (control group or another exercise intervention), outcomes (injury prevention or sport performance), and study design (randomized trials or prospective studies). The trials were restricted based on the language (English) and for publication date (after January 1st, 2007). Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included: Seven included dynamic stability-related outcomes. Three assessed the coordination performing fundamental movements and sport-specific skills, while other five studies analyzed muscle strength and two assessed plyometric tests. Agility was evaluated in three studies and speed tests were also considered by four studies. Finally, fatigue resistance in three studies and injury risk in four were assessed. This review provides evidence that integrative neuromuscular training programs can enhance performance and injury prevention in young athletes, taken into account that adherence to the training program is adequate. Collectively, well-designed, randomized studies are necessary to collaborate with the present findings.

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Predictive Role of Symptom Duration Before the Initial Clinical Presentation of Adolescents With Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans on Preoperative and Postoperative Measures: A Systematic Review

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967118825059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 232596711882505 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Christopher Cheng ◽

Matthew D. Milewski ◽

Jeffrey J. Nepple ◽

Hannah S. Reuman ◽

Carl W. Nissen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Osteochondritis Dissecans ◽

Surgical Procedure ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Return To Sport ◽

Chief Complaint ◽

Postoperative Outcomes ◽

Symptom Duration ◽

Cochrane Central Register ◽

Young Athletes

Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the capitellum is an increasingly recognized disease affecting young athletes. Because lesion progression is common, early identification is potentially beneficial for an athlete’s treatment and recovery. However, there is currently no analysis available that evaluates the impact of symptom duration on preoperative and postoperative outcomes. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of surgically treated OCD lesions to examine the effect of symptom duration before the initial presentation on preoperative and postoperative outcomes. We hypothesized that a longer symptom duration would correlate with more severe preoperative signs and symptoms and poorer postoperative outcomes. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects were queried for studies evaluating symptom duration before the clinical presentation of capitellar OCD and surgical outcomes. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results: A total of 23 studies reporting outcomes in 258 patients (mean patient age, 14.4 ± 1.5 years) were analyzed. Locking as a chief complaint predominated in a greater proportion of patients who presented with a longer history of OCD symptoms ( P = .007). A longer symptom duration also correlated with a longer time to return to sport ( P = .008) and older age ( P < .001). Range of motion limitations as both a chief complaint and a physical examination finding correlated with a longer symptom duration ( P = .014 and .001, respectively). Symptom duration did not show a relationship with most postoperative outcomes, including the return-to-sport rate ( P = .172), which ranged from 70.7% to 91.1% depending on the surgical procedure performed. No significant difference was observed between symptom duration and the surgical procedure performed ( P = .376). Conclusion: Advanced OCD lesions were observed in patients with a longer symptom duration. However, treatment specifics rather than symptom duration correlated best with return to sport for patients with advanced OCD lesions requiring surgery. The earlier detection of capitellar OCD may be valuable in reducing the severity of lesions, the time to return to sport, and potential need for surgery in young athletes.

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Association between foot type and tibial stress injuries: a systematic review

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsm.2007.036533 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 93-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

A Barnes ◽

J Wheat ◽

C Milner

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Stress Injuries

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Causes of Sudden Cardiac Death in Young Athletes and Non-athletes: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.tcm.2021.06.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Flavio D'Ascenzi ◽

Francesca Valentini ◽

Simone Pistoresi ◽

Federica Frascaro ◽

Pietro Piu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Sudden Cardiac Death ◽

Cardiac Death ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Young Athletes

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Does Magnetic Resonance Imaging Grading Correlate With Return to Sports After Bone Stress Injuries? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546521993807 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652199380

Author(s):

Tim Hoenig ◽

Adam S. Tenforde ◽

André Strahl ◽

Tim Rolvien ◽

Karsten Hollander

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Return To Sports ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Bone Stress ◽

Stress Injuries ◽

The Mean ◽

Mean Time

Background: While some studies have failed to reveal any significant relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) grading and return to sports after bone stress injuries, others have reported either a linear or nonlinear relationship. Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of MRI grading for time to return to sports and rate of return to sports after bone stress injuries. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Google Scholar. Studies reporting return to sports data after bone stress injuries using MRI grading systems were included in this review. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Meta-analyses were performed to summarize the mean time to return to sports. The Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between time to return to sports and MRI grade. A meta-analysis of proportions was conducted to determine the percentage of athletes who successfully returned to sports. Results: A total of 16 studies with 560 bone stress injuries met inclusion criteria. Higher MRI-based grading was associated with an increased time to return to sports ( P < .00001). Pooled data revealed that higher MRI-based grading correlated with a longer time to return to sports ( r = 0.554; P = .001). Combining all anatomic locations, the mean time to return to sports was 41.7 days (95% CI, 30.6-52.9), 70.1 days (95% CI, 46.9-93.3), 84.3 days (95% CI, 59.6-109.1), and 98.5 days (95% CI, 85.5-112.6) for grade 1, 2, 3, and 4 injuries, respectively. Trabecular-rich sites of injury (eg, pelvis, femoral neck, and calcaneus) took longer to heal than cortical-rich sites of injury (eg, tibia, metatarsal, and other long-bone sites of injury). Overall, more than 90% of all athletes successfully returned to sports. Conclusion: The findings from this systematic review indicate that MRI grading may offer a prognostic value for time to return to sports after the nonsurgical treatment of bone stress injuries. Both MRI grade and location of injury suggest that individually adapted rehabilitation regimens and therapeutic decisions are required to optimize healing and a safe return to sports.

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Proactive psychological programs designed to mitigate posttraumatic stress injuries among at-risk workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01677-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paula M. Di Nota ◽

Anees Bahji ◽

Dianne Groll ◽

R. Nicholas Carleton ◽

Gregory S. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

At Risk ◽

Posttraumatic Stress ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Psychological Wellness ◽

Stress Injuries

Abstract Background Public safety personnel and frontline healthcare professionals are at increased risk of exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTE) and developing posttraumatic stress injuries (PTSI, e.g., depression, anxiety) by the nature of their work. PTSI are also linked to increased absenteeism, suicidality, and performance decrements, which compromise occupational and public health and safety in trauma-exposed workers. Evidence is lacking regarding the effectiveness of “prevention” programs designed to mitigate PTSI proactively. The purpose of this review is to measure the effectiveness of proactive PTSI mitigation programs among occupational groups exposed to PPTE on measures of PTSI symptoms, absenteeism, and psychological wellness. Methods Five electronic databases were searched per PRISMA guidelines for English or French peer-reviewed studies from 2008 to 2019 evaluating PTSI and psychological wellness in adults exposed to occupational PPTE. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results We identified 42 studies evaluating 3182 public safety and frontline healthcare professionals, PPTE-exposed educational staff, and miners. Significant overlap was found across program themes that included mindfulness, psychoeducation, resilience promotion, and stress management strategies. Post-program effect sizes were small (SMD < 0.5) to moderate (SMD < 0.8) for reductions in PTSI symptoms and for promoting measures of well-being as indicated by a meta-analysis on 36 studies. There was no evidence for significant reductions in substance use, absenteeism, or biomarkers of distress except for heart rate. Subgroup analyses indicated that multimodal programs effectively improved general psychological health, while resilience programs improved measures of depression, burnout, coping, and resilience. Effect sizes for resilience, depression, and general psychological health improvements were greatest immediately or 1-month post-training, while improvements in PTSD symptoms and coping were larger at longer follow-up. Studies were of moderate quality and risk of bias. Conclusions The current results showcase modest evidence for time-limited reductions in PTSI following participation in holistic programs that promote resilience, stress, and emotion regulation among at-risk workers. Implications for organizational implementation of proactive PTSI mitigation programs and areas of future research are discussed. Systematic review registration PROSPERO (CRD42019133534)

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Stress Injuries in Young Athletes

Contemporary Diagnostic Radiology ◽

10.1097/01.cdr.0000358814.89790.a8 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 32 (17) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Navid A. Zenooz ◽

Peter C. Young

Keyword(s):

Young Athletes ◽

Stress Injuries

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Relationship between Biological Maturation, Physical Fitness, and Kinanthropometric Variables of Young Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 328

Author(s):

Mario Albaladejo-Saura ◽

Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal ◽

Noelia González-Gálvez ◽

Francisco Esparza-Ros

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Sport Performance ◽

Young Athletes ◽

Male Population ◽

Early Maturation ◽

Biological Maturation ◽

Standard Mean Difference ◽

The Relationship

There is a growing interest in knowing the relationship between biological maturation and sport performance-related variables of young athletes. The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between biological maturation, physical fitness, and kinanthropometric variables of athletes during their growing period, according to their sex. The systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement and the search protocol was registered in PROSPERO, code: CRD42020208397. A search through the PubMed, Web of Sciences, and EBSCO databases was performed. A total of 423 studies were screened and 13 were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was completed by using the mean and standard deviation of each variable according to each maturation status (early, on time, or late). Differences depending on maturation were found on physical fitness, with better results in the advanced maturational groups in the male population (standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.17–2.31; p < 0.001–0.05). Differences depending on maturation were found for kinanthropometric variables in males (SMD = 0.37–2.31; p < 0.001–0.002) and height and body mass in females (SMD = 0.96–1.19; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the early maturation group showed higher values in kinanthropometric variables and better results in physical fitness, highlighting the importance of the maturational process in the talent selection programs. Despite that, more research is needed to clarify the relationship of maturation with the other variables on female populations and the changes in the muscle and bone variables during the maturation processes of both sexes.

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