Electricity Markets and Power Supply Resilience: an Incisive Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekundayo Shittu ◽  
Joost Reyes Santos
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Supply

Analysis of Regulatory Documents on the Creation and Operation of Intelligent Power Supply Systems for Rural Consumers

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (42) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Vinogradov ◽  
◽  
Anatoliy Seyfullin
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Rural Consumers ◽  
Supply Systems

The construction of intelligent power supply systems for rural consumers (microgrids) is a promising concept for the development of the energy infrastructure of agricultural facilities. In the process of designing and operating micro-networks, a large number of technical, organizational and legal issues arise, the correct answer to which affects on the reliability, quality and efficiency of electricity supply to agricultural facilities. The analysis of the documentation regulating these processes is of particular relevance. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the documentation regulating the construction and operation of intelligent power supply microgrid systems for rural consumers. (Materials and methods) The article reviews regulatory documents in the field of regulation of the electric power industry, distributed generation facilities, renewable energy sources, and the functioning of retail electricity markets. Authors used the method of system analysis, methods of comparisons and analogies, and expert assessments. (Results and discussion) The article presents the issues of functioning of micro-networks of rural consumers as part of the power system, in retail electricity markets; implementation of technological connection and integration of micro- networks into distribution networks. Authors evaluated the regulatory and technical documents regulating the general technical requirements for the design and operation of micro-networks. Domestic and foreign standards for the connection and parallel operation of micro-networks with distribution networks as part of the power system and special documents on micro-networks has been studied. (Conclusions) The article proposes measures for the development of GOST R based on the European IEC TS 62898-1 «Microgrids», harmonized with the requirements of Russian standards, taking into account the features of the Russian electric power industry and agriculture. The article notes the need to make changes to the Russian network codes to ensure the integration of rural micro-networks. The measures of state support aimed at stimulating the spread of intelligent power supply systems for rural consumers were cited.

Kapitalkosten und Kraftwerksinvestitionen bei zunehmender Einspeisung aus erneuerbaren Energien – Die Diskussion um Kapazitätsmärkte

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gert Brunekreeft ◽  
Roland Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
High Price ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Capacity Markets ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Efficient Level ◽  
Price Spikes

AbstractThe increasing share of renewables in generation leads to a structural change in electricity markets. As the utilization of conventional generators decreases in the short run, fixed costs of those power plants have to be recovered through high price spikes in times of scarce capacities. Moreover, for the longer run, given the technological peculiarities of power supply, the price spikes may not be strong enough to induce adequate capacity investments to ensure an efficient level of supply security. A solution may be to complement the energy-only markets by capacity markets. The latter provide revenues not only for the electricity actually sold but also for available capacity in order to reduce the utilisation risk, in particular for peak load plants that may be dispatched only for a small fraction of the time. Such an approach requires substantial reform of market design though.

Implementation of the principle of freedom of contract in the conclusion of contracts for the purchase and sale of electric power in retail electricity markets

2021 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Gabov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Supply Contracts ◽  
Freedom Of Contract ◽  
Constitutional Principle ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contractual Relations

The article is devoted to the study of the constitutional principle of the constitutional principle of the freedom of contract for contractual relations between energy distribution organizations and consumers of electric energy in retail electricity markets. Doctrinal approaches to understanding constitutional principles, their relationship and mutual influence, which are the basis of the study of the question posed in the study, are considered. The authors' conclusions are based on analysis: legislation on electricity, in terms of regulation of legal relations in retail electricity markets; Energy distribution regimes; the design of power supply contracts and electricity purchases; imperative provisions of the electricity legislation in contractual relations. As a result, it is concluded that the doctrinal principles of contract freedom in retail electricity markets, when contracting the purchase and sale of electricity and energy supply, operate in two of its manifestations, both in full and taking into account the necessary restrictions (features, exemptions) related, first of all, to the constitutional principle of the social state.

New replica method with plasma polymerized film by glow discharge

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 414-415
Author(s):  
A. Tanaka ◽  
M. Yamaguchi ◽  
T. Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Plasma Polymerization ◽  
Vacuum Chamber ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Replica Method ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
High Voltage Power Supply ◽  
Negative Glow ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gas ◽  
Hydrocarbon Molecules

The plasma polymerization replica method and its apparatus have been devised by Tanaka (1-3). We have published several reports on its application: surface replicas of biological and inorganic specimens, replicas of freeze-fractured tissues and metal-extraction replicas with immunocytochemical markers.The apparatus for plasma polymerization consists of a high voltage power supply, a vacuum chamber containing a hydrocarbon gas (naphthalene, methane, ethylene), and electrodes of an anode disk and a cathode of the specimen base. The surface replication by plasma polymerization in negative glow phase on the cathode was carried out by gassing at 0.05-0.1 Torr and glow discharging at 1.5-3 kV D.C. Ionized hydrocarbon molecules diffused into complex surface configurations and deposited as a three-dimensionally polymerized film of 1050 nm in thickness.The resulting film on the complex surface had uniform thickness and showed no granular texture. Since the film was chemically inert, resistant to heat and mecanically strong, it could be treated with almost any organic or inorganic solvents.

Development of the algorithm for the selection of a wind generator-based autonomous power supply system

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Khlyupin ◽  
G. N. Ispulaeva
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Power Supply System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Wind Generator ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction: The co-authors provide an overview of the main types of wind turbines and power generators installed into wind energy devices, as well as advanced technological solutions. The co-authors have identified the principal strengths and weaknesses of existing wind power generators, if applied as alternative energy sources. The co-authors have proven the need to develop an algorithm for the selection of a wind generator-based autonomous power supply system in the course of designing windmill farms in Russia. Methods: The co-authors have analyzed several types of wind turbines and power generators. Results and discussions: The algorithm for the selection of a wind generator-based autonomous power supply system is presented as a first approximation. Conclusion: The emerging algorithm enables designers to develop an effective wind generator-based autonomous power supply system.

SISTEM AUTOMATIC SWITCH REDUNDANT UPS UNTUK BEBAN ESSENSIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Markus Dwiyanto Tobi ◽  
Alimuddin Mappa
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Control Circuit ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Main Equipment ◽  
Telecommunication Equipment ◽  
Input Condition ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Switch Circuit

The role of the power supply device is to produce, process and distribute energy sources. Telecommunication equipment can only operate if it has continuous supply. Therefore, to maintain the continuity of the supply, a UPS (Uninterruptable Power Supply) device system is needed so that the supply to the Essential Load device will remain available so that continuity will be maintained. This research designs and proposes how a series of automatic redundant switch systems on UPS to ensure the availability of power supply for the main equipment of telecommunications systems. The Auto switch circuit is designed to have 3 (three) working stages which will trigger the relay driver as control circuit, namely the normal working condition of the contactor input K1 is present, the input condition is zero (lost), and the input condition is present. This system can automatically supply power to telecommunications equipment.

Case Study of the Design for Reliability for Remanufactured Military Power Supply

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
Hyun-Seok Song ◽  
Min-Ho Son ◽  
Sung-Ju Yoo ◽  
Do-Hyun Jung ◽  
Boo-Hee Park
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Design For Reliability
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