scholarly journals Brain networks in eating disorders: a systematic review of graph theory studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Collantoni ◽  
Francesco Alberti ◽  
Valentina Meregalli ◽  
Paolo Meneguzzo ◽  
Elena Tenconi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Neural Systems ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Level I ◽  
Graph Theory Analysis

Abstract Purpose Recent evidence from neuroimaging research has shown that eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by alterations in interconnected neural systems, whose characteristics can be usefully described by connectomics tools. The present paper aimed to review the neuroimaging literature in EDs employing connectomic tools, and, specifically, graph theory analysis. Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify studies employing graph theory analysis on patients with eating disorders published before the 22nd of June 2020. Results Twelve studies were included in the systematic review. Ten of them address anorexia nervosa (AN) (AN = 199; acute AN = 85, weight recovered AN with acute diagnosis = 24; fully recovered AN = 90). The remaining two articles address patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) (BN = 48). Global and regional unbalance in segregation and integration properties were described in both disorders. Discussion The literature concerning the use of connectomics tools in EDs evidenced the presence of alterations in the topological characteristics of brain networks at a global and at a regional level. Changes in local characteristics involve areas that have been demonstrated to be crucial in the neurobiology and pathophysiology of EDs. Regional imbalances in network properties seem to reflect on global patterns. Level of evidence Level I, systematic review.

scholarly journals Dynamic Network Connectivity Reveals Markers of Response to Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengyuan Wu ◽  
Caio Matias ◽  
Thomas Foltynie ◽  
Patricia Limousin ◽  
Ludvic Zrinzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Brain States ◽  
Graph Theory Analysis ◽  
Stn Dbs ◽  
Deep Brain

Background: Neuronal loss in Parkinson’s Disease (PD) leads to widespread neural network dysfunction. While graph theory allows for analysis of whole brain networks, patterns of functional connectivity (FC) associated with motor response to deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) have yet to be explored.Objective/Hypothesis: To investigate the distributed network properties associated with STN-DBS in patients with advanced PD.Methods: Eighteen patients underwent 3-Tesla resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) prior to STN-DBS. Improvement in UPDRS-III scores following STN-DBS were assessed 1 year after implantation. Independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to extract spatially independent components (ICs) from the rs-fMRI. FC between ICs was calculated across the entire time series and for dynamic brain states. Graph theory analysis was performed to investigate whole brain network topography in static and dynamic states.Results: Dynamic analysis identified two unique brain states: a relative hypoconnected state and a relative hyperconnected state. Time spent in a state, dwell time, and number of transitions were not correlated with DBS response. There were no significant FC findings, but graph theory analysis demonstrated significant relationships with STN-DBS response only during the hypoconnected state – STN-DBS was negatively correlated with network assortativity.Conclusion: Given the widespread effects of dopamine depletion in PD, analysis of whole brain networks is critical to our understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease. Only by leveraging graph theoretical analysis of dynamic FC were we able to isolate a hypoconnected brain state that contained distinct network properties associated with the clinical effects of STN-DBS.

scholarly journals APOE ‐ ε4 shapes temporo‐parietal network properties in middle‐aged, cognitively unimpaired individuals: A graph theory analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S4) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Maria González‐de‐Echávarri ◽  
Raffaele Cacciaglia ◽  
Carles Falcon ◽  
Gonzalo Sánchez‐Benavides ◽  
Marc Suárez‐Calvet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graph Theory ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Apoe Ε4 ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Graph Theory Analysis

scholarly journals Graph Theory Analysis of Functional Brain Networks and Mobility Disability in Older Adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1399-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Hugenschmidt ◽  
J. H. Burdette ◽  
A. R. Morgan ◽  
J. D. Williamson ◽  
S. B. Kritchevsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Mobility Disability ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Networks ◽  
Graph Theory Analysis

scholarly journals Compulsory treatments in eating disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Rita Atti ◽  
Tomas Mastellari ◽  
Stefano Valente ◽  
Maurizio Speciani ◽  
Fabio Panariello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Feeding And Eating Disorders ◽  
Baseline Characteristics ◽  
Level I

Abstract Introduction The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis are to provide a summary of the current literature concerning compulsory treatments in patients with eating disorders (ED) and to understand whether compulsorily and involuntarily treated patients differ in terms of baseline characteristics and treatment outcomes. Methods Relevant articles were identified following the PRISMA guidelines by searching the following terms: “treatment refusal”, “forced feeding”, “compulsory/coercive/involuntary/forced treatment/admission”, “eating disorders”, “feeding and eating disorders”, “anorexia nervosa”, “bulimia nervosa”. Research was restricted to articles concerning humans and published between 1975 and 2020 in English. Results Out of 905 articles retrieved, nine were included for the analyses allowing the comparisons between 242 compulsorily and 738 voluntarily treated patients. Mean body mass index (BMI) was slightly lower in patients compelled to treatments. Mean illness duration, BMI at discharge and BMI variation showed no significant differences between the two groups. Average length of hospitalization was 3 weeks longer among compulsory-treated patients, but this did not result in a higher increase in BMI. No significant risk difference on mortality was estimated (three studies). Conclusions Compulsory treatments are usually intended for patients having worse baseline conditions than voluntary ones. Those patients are unlikely to engage in treatments without being compelled but, after the treatments, albeit with longer hospitalisations, they do achieve similar outcomes. Therefore, we can conclude that forcing patients to treatment is a conceivable option. Level of evidence Level I, systematic review and meta-analysis.

scholarly journals Functional neural networks of honesty and dishonesty in children: Evidence from graph theory analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Pan Ding ◽  
Si Jia Wu ◽  
Jiangang Liu ◽  
Genyue Fu ◽  
Kang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Graph Theory ◽  
Theory Analysis ◽  
Graph Theory Analysis
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