scholarly journals “They Made us into a Race. We Made Ourselves into a People”: A Corpus Study of Contemporary Black American Group Identity in the Non-Fictional Writings of Ta-Nehisi Coates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Hathaway
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Black People ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Black American ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Black America ◽  
Shared Experiences ◽  
American Group ◽  
Identity Based

AbstractThis article examines representations of contemporary Black American identity in the non-fictional writings of Ta-Nehisi Coates. The dataset is a self-compiled specialized corpus of Coates’s non-fictional writings from 1996 until 2018 (350 texts; 468,899 words). The study utilizes an interdisciplinary approach combining corpus linguistics and corpus pragmatics. Frequencies of five identity-related terms in the corpus (African(–)Americans, blacks, black people, black America/Americans and black community/communities) are compared diachronically; then the pragmatic prosody of the terms is analyzed via the notion of control. The findings suggest that Coates’s representation of Black American group identity has shifted over time. Specifically, the terms African Americans and black America are replaced by the terms blacks and black people. The study’s empirical findings, considered through the theoretical framework on Black solidarity, suggest a shift in representation of group identity in Coates’s writings from an identity based on cultural and ethnic commonalities to an identity based on the shared experiences of anti-Black racism.

scholarly journals Racism towards Black American: Intersectionality in Constructing Social Racist through Poetical Depiction by Langston Hughes and Amy Saunders

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-390
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Sundari Okasunu ◽  
Made Detriasmita Saientisna
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Black People ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Langston Hughes ◽  
Black American ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Racial Issues

In this research, the development of racism based on the different formations of socio-cultural and historical aspects was the standpoint that was shown by the interpretation of poetical depiction of meaning and messages. The gap between Langston Hughes in “I, too, sing America” (1926) and Amy Saunders in “You’re not Black” (2019) as the data advocates for racist transformation in natural past and present American socialization. Several critical studies have examined the racial issues reflected in poems however they didn’t elaborate on racism specifically rather than segregation and discrimination although racism is classified in several types. Moreover, the critical studies have been done only analyzed the racism happened on the past while this study compares the past and present racism as the concern of social construction among black American as the target of unfair treatments. The descriptive qualitative method using documentation, descriptive analysis, and note-taking technique was used to identify and elaborate meaning correlation with racial issues in the poems. This research aimed to classify the figurative language and its meaning related to racism while illustrating the development of racism from the perspective of socio-cultural and historical aspects that influenced the poets and their poetry. Theory of Critical Race was used to demonstrate that racism was developing in a different formation. The research has found the interconnection between historical values of slavery system constructed stereotypes of black people as minor American. Social construction formed a cultural differentiation which led to segregation and discrimination towards black in any form of everyday aspects.

Movin’ on Up—and Out

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-118
Author(s):  
Courtney R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Black People ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Middle Passage ◽  
Civil Rights Era ◽  
Black America ◽  
Visual Politics ◽  
Plantation Slavery ◽  
Popular Images ◽  
Post Civil Rights

This chapter discusses the visual culture of 1970s Black America, focusing especially on popular culture artifacts such as film, television, and comics, to make sense of the idea of movement in the postsegregationist United States. It attends to the representation of black people in various locations—from the inner city to the suburbs to a historical memory of the plantation slavery, the middle passage, and an African motherland—in visual forms, including Afrocentrist iconography, photography, and fine art. By attending to popular images, an important if not fuller picture of Black visual politics during the post-civil rights era becomes apparent.

Black Folk Religion in Black Holiness Pentecostalism

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-122
Author(s):  
Antipas L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Formation ◽  
Black People ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Faith Formation ◽  
Black Folk ◽  
Black America ◽  
Tunnel Vision ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Black Pentecostal

This essay seeks to understand theological rudiments embedded in traditional black Pentecostal spirituality to enhance spiritual formation in contemporary black Pentecostalism. Its conclusions contribute to a praxis-oriented discourse on the black folk religious tradition, black holiness Pentecostalism, and a contemporary ethnically diverse society in which black people continue to suffer disproportionately. The salient question is, what transformative proposals emerge from black ‘spiritual praxis’, or a conversation between black religious heritage and contemporary black America? While this essay does not attempt to draw conclusions for contemporary lived practice, it unearths jewels in black Pentecostal spirituality that deepen insight into faith formation in an increasingly diverse society wherein the dominant formational paradigms have lodged within the tunnel vision of Western categories.

scholarly journals Group identity-based self-protective strategies: the stigma of race, gender, and garlic

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian S. Crandall ◽  
Jo-Ann Tsang ◽  
Richard D. Harvey ◽  
Thomas W. Britt
Keyword(s):  
Group Identity ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Protective Strategies

The Semantic Features of “v+adv” in Native English Public Speaking Setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1636
Author(s):  
Huijuan Wang ◽  
Yufeng Zou
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Native English Speakers ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Business Elites ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Semantic Prosody

This paper explores and concludes the features and semantic prosodies of adverbs in public speaking setting by native English speakers through a corpus-driven approach. The corpus used is a sub-corpus (CES_C) from the self-built corpus (CES) comprising of 177 texts (type token) that are original and authentic speeches delivered by celebrities from UK and US. The speakers of these speeches are varied from all walks of life including presidents, business elites and etc. In terms of research methodology, this study is conducted both the quantitative approach of corpus linguistics and the qualitative approach of observation. By annotated part-of-speech (POS) with Treetagger tool, the study examined the occurrence frequency of adverbs and listed top 30 high-frequency adverbs employed in the corpus. Then different categories of adverbs were analyzed in terms of semantic function, and the frequency of occurrence was calculated respectively. The results shows the use of adverbs only accounts for 5% of all the words which is relatively lower than the use of other part of speech. Besides, some adverbs have certain semantic orientations based on different categorized adverbs, which provides intuitive reference resources for English public speaking teaching and learning in ESL/ EFL community. In addition, the combination of research focuses such as corpus, semantic prosody, public speaking and adverbs can be used as reference to enlarge the scope of corpus study and enhance the level of public speaking research.

scholarly journals The extravagant progressive: an experimental corpus study on the history of emphatic [be Ving]

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER PETRÉ
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Corpus Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cognitive Motivation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cognitive Motivations ◽  
Insight Into

This article combines methodologies from corpus linguistics with an experimental-like setup more affiliated to psycholinguistic research. The resulting methodology allows us to gain more insight into cognitive motivations of language use in speakers from the past, and consequently to better assess their similarity to present-day speakers (the Uniformitarian Principle). One such cognitive motivation thought to be relevant in the early stages of grammatical constructionalization (grammaticalization) is covered by the evasive concept of ‘extravagance’ (i.e. the desire to talk in such a way that one is noticed). The methodology is tested on the Early Modern English extension of the [be Ving]-construction to progressive uses in present-tense main clauses. It is argued, on the basis of recurrent contextual clues, that [be Ving] in this novel use is motivated by extravagance. Interestingly, a comparison of two speaker/writer generations that are among the earliest to use this innovation with some frequency suggests that the encoding of extravagance shifted between them. At first, extravagance was signalled by coercion of the still stative semantics of [be Ving] into a progressive reading. In the second generation it had become an entrenched characteristic of the construction itself.

scholarly journals How Do You Play When You’re Prey?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Thomas
Keyword(s):  
African Diaspora ◽  
Creative Process ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Black American ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Black America

Creativity is woven into the culture of Black America. Our histories and struggles as members of the minoritized African Diaspora are recorded and passed on in song and story, in movement and design. We are – and have been – the creators of an evolving culture that is simultaneously underestimated and desired by dominant culture. This othering poses real and pressing threats to our lives and livelihoods, as we are consumed and exploited to the point of erasure; and yet we keep creating. But why? What is creativity to the Black American living in such a predatory society? And how do I, as a Black creative minoritized in a Healing profession, engage with it? How do you play when you’re prey? These questions form the basis for an heuristic exploration into a video blog project entitled “Black Creative Healing,” where Black creatives are recorded engaging in conversation and collaboration over concepts relating to Blackness, Creativity, and the Healing process. Through arts-based analysis of past collaborations, available publicly on Youtube, I will investigate my own motivations, inspirations and roadblocks to the creative process as a Black healer. I will interrogate the directions and intentions laid bare by my creative endeavors and seek to define a central ethos by which other Black creatives may find themselves seen and encouraged, in the interest of finding balance between the “me” that is – and has been – prey, and the “me” that has only ever known – and been known by – play.  

scholarly journals TOWARDS OTHER NARRATIVES: EDUCATION AND DERACIALIZATION OF THE BLACK EXPERIENCE IN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (171) ◽  
pp. 288-307
Author(s):  
Priscila Martins Medeiros ◽  
Paulo Alberto dos Santos Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Black People ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Black Experience ◽  
National Question ◽  
Educational Spaces ◽  
Black Resistance ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Brazilian Identity ◽  
Black Agency

Abstract In this paper, we discuss the historical process involved in the construction of the Brazilian national identity, based on the racialization of the black experience, an element still present in the Brazilian identity formation process. Despite the processes of dehumanization endured by black people, they can and must be portrayed in educational spaces for their resistance and fight in order to escape from the zone of non-being and ontological erasure caused by modernity. The paper is organized in three general topics: a) racism, education and the national question in Brazil; b) the processes of racialization of black subjects; and c) black resistance and black agency as a way to construct new narratives in the field of education.

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