Caenorhabditis elegans as bait for isolating promising biocontrol fungi against Meloidogyne incognita from soils across India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Kassam ◽  
Deeba Kamil ◽  
Uma Rao
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Biocontrol Fungi

scholarly journals The role of Caenorhabditis elegans sex-determination homologs, Mi-sdc-1 and Mi-tra-1 in Meloidogyne incognita

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Baniya ◽  
Soumi Joseph ◽  
Larry Duncan ◽  
William Crow ◽  
Tesfamariam Mengistu
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Plant Parasitic

AbstractSex determination is a key developmental event in all organisms. The pathway that regulates sexual fate has been well characterized at the molecular level in the model free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This study aims to gain a preliminary understanding of sex-determining pathways in a plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita, and the extent to which the roles of the sex determination genes are conserved in a hermaphrodite species, C. elegans, and plant-parasitic nematode species, M. incognita. In this study, we targeted two sex-determining orthologues, sdc-1 and tra-1 from M. incognita using RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi was performed by soaking second-stage juveniles of M. incognita in a solution containing dsRNA of either Mi-tra-1or Mi-sdc-1 or both. To determine the effect of RNAi of the target genes, the juveniles treated with the dsRNA were inoculated onto a susceptible cultivar of cowpea grown in a nutrient pouch at 28 °C for 5 weeks. The development of the nematodes was analyzed at different time points during the growth period and compared to untreated controls. Our results showed that neither Mi-sdc-1 nor Mi-tra-1 have a significant role in regulating sexual fate in M. incognita. However, the silencing of Mi-sdc-1 significantly delayed maturity to adult females but did not affect egg production in mature females. In contrast, the downregulation of Mi-tra-1 transcript resulted in a significant reduction in egg production in both single and combinatorial RNAi-treated nematodes. Our results indicate that M. incognita may have adopted a divergent function for Mi-sdc-1 and Mi-tra-1distinct from Caenorhabditis spp. However, Mi-tra-1 might have an essential role in female fecundity in M. incognita and is a promising dsRNA target for root-knot nematode (RKN) management using host-delivered RNAi.

scholarly journals Chemoreception of Meloidogyne incognita and Caenorhabditis elegans on botanical nematicidals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sobkowiak ◽  
Natalia Bojarska ◽  
Emilia Krzyżaniak ◽  
Karolina Wągiel ◽  
Nikoletta Ntalli
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Sublethal Concentration ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones

AbstractPlant–parasitic nematodes cause serious damage to various agricultural crops worldwide, and their control necessitates environmentally safe measures. Plant secondary metabolites of botanical origin are tested here–in to study their effect in Meloidogyne incognita locomotion, being this an important factor affecting host inoculation inside the soil. We compare the effect to the respective behavioral responses of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. The tested botanical nematicidals, all reported of activity against Meloidogyne sp. in our previous works, belong to different chemical groups of small molecular weight molecules encompassing acids, alcohols, aldehydes and ketones. Specifically we report on the attractant or repellent properties of trans–anethole, (E,E)–2,4–decadienal, (E)–2–decenal, fostiazate, and 2–undecanone. The treatments for both nematode species were made at sublethal concentration levels, namely 1mM (<EC50), and the chemical control used for the experiment was the commercial nematicide fosthiazate and oxamyl. According to our results, trans–anethole, decenal, and oxamyl act as C. elegans attractants. 2–undecanone strongly attracts M. incognita. These findings can be of use in the development of nematicidal formulates, contributing to the disruption of nematode chemotaxis to root systems.

Expression of the cell death protein CED-4 of Caenorhabditis elegans in transgenic tobacco plants confers resistance to Meloidogyne incognita

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Abdellatif Bahaji ◽  
Thihan Padukkavidana ◽  
Robert T. Gaeta ◽  
Carlos Tristan ◽  
Glenda W. Polack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Cell Death Protein

scholarly journals Chemoreception of botanical nematicides by Meloidogyne incognita and Caenorhabditis elegans

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 493-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sobkowiak ◽  
Natalia Bojarska ◽  
Emilia Krzyżaniak ◽  
Karolina Wągiel ◽  
Nikoletta Ntalli
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita

scholarly journals The Nif3-Family Protein YqfO03 from Pseudomonas syringae MB03 Has Multiple Nematicidal Activities against Caenorhabditis elegans and Meloidogyne incognita

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Manan ◽  
Zahoor Bazai ◽  
Jin Fan ◽  
Huafu Yu ◽  
Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Physical Defense ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Protein Discovery ◽  
Common Plant

The nematicidal activity of the common plant-pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae against certain nematodes has been recently identified, but little is known about its virulence factors. In the current study, predictive analysis of nematode-virulent factors in the genome of a P. syringae wild-type strain MB03 revealed a variety of factors with the potential to be pathogenic against nematodes. One of these virulence factors that was predicted with a high score, namely, YqfO03, was a protein with structural domains that are similar to the Nif3 superfamily. This protein was expressed and purified in Escherichia coli, and was investigated for nematicidal properties against the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and an agriculturally important pest Meloidogyne incognita. Our results showed that YqfO03 exhibits lethal activity toward C. elegans and M. incognita worms, and it also caused detrimental effects on the growth, brood size, and motility of C. elegans worms. However, C. elegans worms were able to defend themselves against YqfO03 via a physical defense response by avoiding contact with the protein. Discovery of the diverse nematicidal activities of YqfO03 provides new knowledge on the biological function of a bacterial Nif3-family protein and insight into the potential of this protein as a specific means of controlling agricultural nematode pests.

Nematicidal metabolites produced by Photorhabdus luminescens (Enterobacteriaceae), bacterial symbiont of entomopathogenic nematodes

Nematology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiji Hu ◽  
Jianxiong Li ◽  
John M. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Bacterial Symbiont ◽  
Photorhabdus Luminescens ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Heterorhabditis Megidis

Abstract The secondary metabolites, 3,5-dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilbene (ST) and indole, from the culture filtrate of Photorhabdus luminescens MD, were shown to have nematicidal properties. ST caused nearly 100% mortality of J4 and adults of Aphelenchoides rhytium , Bursaphelenchus spp. and Caenorhabditis elegans at 100 mu g/ml, but had no effect on J2 of Meloidogyne incognita or infective juveniles (IJ) of Heterorhabditis megidis at 200 mu g/ml. Indole was lethal to several nematode species at 300 mu g/ml, and caused a high percentage of Bursaphelenchus spp. (J4 and adults), M. incognita (J2) and Heterorhabditis spp. (IJ) to be paralysed at 300, 100 and 400 mu g/ml, respectively. Both ST and indole inhibited egg hatch of M. incognita . ST repelled IJ of some Steinernema spp. but not IJ of Heterorhabditis spp., and indole repelled IJ of some species of both Steinernema and Heterorhabditis . ST, but not indole, was produced in nematode-infected larval Galleria mellonella after 24 h infection. Von Photorhabdus luminescens (Enterobacteriaceae), einem Symbionten entomopathogener Nematoden gebildete nematizide Metaboliten - Es wurde gezeigt, dass die Sekundarmetaboliten 3,5-Dihydroxy-4-isopropylstilben (ST) und Indol aus dem Kulturfiltrat von Photorhabdus luminescens MD nematizide Eigenschaften besassen. In einer Konzentration von 100 mu g/ml verursachte ST eine fast 100%ige Sterblichkeit bei J4 und Adulten von Aphelenchoides rhytium , Bursaphelenchus spp. und Caenorhabditis elegans , hatte aber bei 200 mu g/ml keine Wirkung auf J2 von Meloidogyne incognita oder auf Infektionsjuvenile (IJ) von Heterorhabditis megidis . Bei 300 mu g/ml war Indol fur etliche Nematodenarten todlich und fuhrte dazu, dass Bursaphelenchus spp. (J4 and Adulte) bei 300, M. incognita (J2) bei 100, und Heterorhabditis spp. (IJ) bei 400 mu g/ml zu einem grossen Teil gelahmt wurden. ST und Indol behinderten beide das Schlupfen von M. incognita . ST wirkte abstossend auf IJ einiger Steinernema -Arten aber nicht auf IJ von Heterorhabditis spp., und Indol wirkte abstossend auf IJ einiger Arten der beiden Gattungen Steinernema und Heterorhabditis . ST wurde in nematoden-befallenen Larven von Galleria mellonella 24 h nach der Infektion gebildet, Indol dagegen nicht.

scholarly journals Caenorhabditis elegans as an indicator of toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis strains to Meloidogyne incognita race 3

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandro Coelho Linhares Montalvão ◽  
Marcelo Tavares de Castro ◽  
Carlos Marcelo Silveira Soares ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum ◽  
Rose Gomes Monnerat
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Meloidogyne Incognita ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Deep Plowing ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT: The cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum) is affected by several diseases of economic importance, among them root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita races 3 and 4). Methods to control this disease include the application of nematicides, solarization, deep plowing, crop rotation and use of antagonistic microorganisms. Among species of Bacillus, there are strains that act as bioregulators and antagonists of several pathogens. Tests to identify these strains are hampered by the difficulty of obtaining large populations of the pathogen and by the time of execution of the in vivo tests that should be conducted for about 90 days. The objective of this research was to compare the toxicity of B. thuringiensis strains to two nematodes, M. incognita and Caenorhabditis elegans, evaluating the possibility of using C. elegans as an indicator for the selection of strains with biocontrol potential against M. incognita. Therefore, the toxicity of nine B. thuringiensis strains on C. elegans and M. incognita was evaluated under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Most strains toxic to C. elegans in vitro were also toxic to M. incognita, and three of them (S906, S1192, S2036) significantly reduced the populations of the two nematodes. The toxic effect of B. thuringiensis strains on C. elegans was like that reported for the same bacterial isolates on M. incognita in vivo. These results suggested that it is plausible to use C. elegans as an indicator of toxicity for selection of B. thuringiensis strains toxic to M. incognita.

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