Heat Stress in Hot Underground Mines: a Brief Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Lazaro ◽  
Moe Momayez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Underground Mines

scholarly journals Heat Stress in Indoor Environments of Scandinavian Urban Areas: A Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Lundgren Kownacki ◽  
Chuansi Gao ◽  
Kalev Kuklane ◽  
Aneta Wierzbicka
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Heat Index ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Heat Radiation ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Promising Alternative

Climate change increases the risks of heat stress, especially in urban areas where urban heat islands can develop. This literature review aims to describe how severe heat can occur and be identified in urban indoor environments, and what actions can be taken on the local scale. There is a connection between the outdoor and the indoor climate in buildings without air conditioning, but the pathways leading to the development of severe heat levels indoors are complex. These depend, for example, on the type of building, window placement, the residential area’s thermal outdoor conditions, and the residents’ influence and behavior. This review shows that only few studies have focused on the thermal environment indoors during heat waves, despite the fact that people commonly spend most of their time indoors and are likely to experience increased heat stress indoors in the future. Among reviewed studies, it was found that the indoor temperature can reach levels 50% higher in °C than the outdoor temperature, which highlights the importance of assessment and remediation of heat indoors. Further, most Heat-Health Warning Systems (HHWS) are based on the outdoor climate only, which can lead to a misleading interpretation of the health effects and associated solutions. In order to identify severe heat, six factors need to be taken into account, including air temperature, heat radiation, humidity, and air movement as well as the physical activity and the clothes worn by the individual. Heat stress can be identified using a heat index that includes these six factors. This paper presents some examples of practical and easy to use heat indices that are relevant for indoor environments as well as models that can be applied in indoor environments at the city level. However, existing indexes are developed for healthy workers and do not account for vulnerable groups, different uses, and daily variations. As a result, this paper highlights the need for the development of a heat index or the adjustment of current thresholds to apply specifically to indoor environments, its different uses, and vulnerable groups. There are several actions that can be taken to reduce heat indoors and thus improve the health and well-being of the population in urban areas. Examples of effective measures to reduce heat stress indoors include the use of shading devices such as blinds and vegetation as well as personal cooling techniques such as the use of fans and cooling vests. Additionally, the integration of innovative Phase Change Materials (PCM) into facades, roofs, floors, and windows can be a promising alternative once no negative health and environmental effects of PCM can be ensured.

scholarly journals Distribution of Radon Concentrations in Active and Inactive Underground Mines: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Konstantina Asimakou ◽  
Nikolaos Kallithrakas-Kontos ◽  
Antonios Vafeidis ◽  
Emmanouil Manoutsoglou
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Radon Concentration ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Upper Limits ◽  
Radon Concentrations

Radon (Rn), a natural colorless, odorless, noble radioactive gas, with a half-life of 3.8 days, is an important source of natural ionizing radiation. It originates from the initial concentrations of uranium and its transmuted daughters in rocks, soil, and finally, waters and tends to be concentrated in closed spaces such as underground mines. The concentration of radon in mines contributes significantly to the increase in the dose of ionizing radiation received by humans visiting, accessing, working in these areas. The comparison of radon concentration in active and inactive mining sites, its effect on human health, and the different concentrations’ upper limits, applicable by state, are discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Heat stress management in underground mines

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Ryan ◽  
De Souza Euler
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Underground Mines

scholarly journals Practices for Alleviating Heat Stress of Dairy Cows in Humid Continental Climates: A Literature Review

Animals ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Fournel ◽  
Véronique Ouellet ◽  
Édith Charbonneau
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Dairy Cows

Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Pizarek ◽  
Valeriy Shafiro ◽  
Patricia McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Communicative Disorders ◽  
And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

Taking Care of Children After Traumatic Brain Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Haarbauer-Krupa
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Educational Information ◽  
Taking Care

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this article is to inform speech-language pathologists in the schools about issues related to the care of children with traumatic brain injury.Method: Literature review of characteristics, outcomes and issues related to the needs serving children.Results: Due to acquired changes in cognition, children with traumatic brain injury have unique needs in a school setting.Conclusions: Speech-Language Pathologists in the school can take a leadership role with taking care of children after a traumatic brain injury and coordination of medical and educational information.

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