scholarly journals Factors affecting the crop damage by wild boar (Sus scrofa) and effects of population control in the Ticino and Lake Maggiore Park (North-western Italy)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Cappa ◽  
Luciano Bani ◽  
Alberto Meriggi
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Agricultural Income ◽  
Population Survival ◽  
Population Viability Analyses

AbstractWild boar foraging impacts the crops, pastures, and meadows causing remarkable losses to agricultural income. Protected areas located in plains, such as the Ticino Valley Natural Park, are characterized by the coexistence of important natural habitats and intensive agricultural areas. In the Park, from 2010 to 2017, 49% of the complaints report an event of damage to maize and 43% to meadows. The total expense for reimbursements of the maize amounted to € 439,341.52, with damages concentrated in May, after sowing period and between August and September, during the milky stage of maize. For meadows reimbursements amounted to € 324,768.66, with damage events concentrated in February and March. To reduce damage to crops, the Park administration carried out lethal control of the wild boar population. From 2006 to 2017, the most used control method was culling from hunting hides. In our analysis, we did not find significant relationships between the number of shot boars and the damage amount. The factors that determine the decrease of damage probability to crops are mainly related to human disturbance and the characteristics of the fields. The predictive model of damage risk built comparing damaged and undamaged fields showed a good predictive ability. The population viability analyses showed that it is impossible to obtain a drastic reduction of population with the current harvest rate. By tripling it and focusing on the females and sub-adult a numerical reduction of 50% of the population would be achievable in 7 years and the probability of population survival would be halved in 3 years.

Factors affecting Crop Damage by the Wild Boar (Sus scrofa)

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong-Min Lee ◽  
◽  
Eun-Jae Lee ◽  
Hee-Bok Park ◽  
Chang-Wan Seo
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Pets becoming established in the wild: free–living Vietnamese potbellied pigs in Spain

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
M. Delibes–Mateos ◽  
◽  
A. Delibes ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Wild Boar Population ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Free Living ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Google Search ◽  
Adequate Management

Vietnamese potbellied (VPB) pigs (Sus scrofa) are a common pet in North America and Europe, but their recent decrease in popularity has increased their abandonment. Our main aim was to identify potential cases of free–living VPB pigs in Spain through an in–depth Google search. We identified 42 cases of free–living VPB pigs distributed throughout the country. The number of free–living VPB pigs reported increased by year but the species abundance still seems to be low. Signs of VPB pig reproduction and possible hybrids between VPB pigs and wild boar or feral pigs have been also reported. Free–living VPB pigs could erode the gene pool of the Spanish wild boar population and exacerbate the damage (e.g. crop damage or spread of diseases) already caused by wild board. Urgent evaluation and adequate management of wild VPB pig sightings is needed to prevent their establishment in natural habitats.

Factors affecting crop damage by wild boar and methods of mitigation in a giant panda reserve

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Cai ◽  
Zhigang Jiang ◽  
Yan Zeng ◽  
Chunwang Li ◽  
Benjamin D. Bravery
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Giant Panda ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Retrospective Analysis of the Effectiveness and Reversibility of Long-Acting Contraception Etonogestrel (Implanon®) in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
Sandra Roubos ◽  
Annet L. Louwerse ◽  
Jan A. M. Langermans ◽  
Jaco Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Control Method ◽  
Population Control ◽  
Callithrix Jacchus ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Primate Research ◽  
Common Marmosets ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Colony Management ◽  
Long Acting

Contraception is an important population control method for the colony management of primates housed in captivity. Etonogestrel (ENG) implants (i.e., Implanon®) are a widely used progestin-based contraceptive in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) with the theoretical advantages of being reversible and long-acting. However, no dose and efficacy data are available yet. Therefore, data from 52 adult female marmosets contracepted with ENG (one-fourth or one-third of an implant) housed at the Biomedical Primate Research Centre (BPRC, Rijswijk, The Netherlands) over the past 18 years were analyzed. Using an electronic database, a retrospective longitudinal cohort study was conducted to calculate the reproductive data before, during and after ENG use. The data show an effectiveness in preventing pregnancy of 99%. The implant was effective within one week after insertion. Unintended pregnancies did occur, but in 60% of these cases, the animals were already pregnant at the time of implant insertion. In these cases, healthy offspring were born despite the use of the implant. No stillbirths, neonatal deaths or maternal deaths could be linked to ENG use. After implant removal, 83% of the animals delivered healthy offspring. No difference in contraception efficacy was observed between the use of one-fourth or one-third of an implant. ENG achieved a contraceptive protection exceeding 99% and was shown to be reversible concerning fertility. To our knowledge, this is the first detailed analysis on the use of ENG in marmosets.

scholarly journals Coastal Sensitivity/Vulnerability Characterization and Adaptation Strategies: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Anfuso ◽  
Matteo Postacchini ◽  
Diana Di Luccio ◽  
Guido Benassai
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Coastal Vulnerability ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Coastal Resilience

Coastal area constitutes a vulnerable environment and requires special attention to preserve ecosystems and human activities therein. To this aim, many studies have been devoted both in past and recent years to analyzing the main factors affecting coastal vulnerability and susceptibility. Among the most used approaches, the Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) accounts for all relevant variables that characterize the coastal environment dealing with: (i) forcing actions (waves, tidal range, sea-level rise, etc.), (ii) morphological characteristics (geomorphology, foreshore slope, dune features, etc.), (iii) socio-economic, ecological and cultural aspects (tourism activities, natural habitats, etc.). Each variable is evaluated at each portion of the investigated coast, and associated with a vulnerability level which usually ranges from 1 (very low vulnerability), to 5 (very high vulnerability). Following a susceptibility/vulnerability analysis of a coastal stretch, specific strategies must be chosen and implemented to favor coastal resilience and adaptation, spanning from hard solutions (e.g., groins, breakwaters, etc.) to soft solutions (e.g., beach and dune nourishment projects), to the relocation option and the establishment of accommodation strategies (e.g., emergency preparedness).

scholarly journals Factors affecting the microbiological load of Italian hunted wild boar meat (Sus scrofa)

Meat Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 107967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Orsoni ◽  
Claudia Romeo ◽  
Nicola Ferrari ◽  
Lia Bardasi ◽  
Giuseppe Merialdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Sus Scrofa ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wild Boar Meat

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEDALAMAN JANGKAUAN (DEPTH OF OUTREACH) LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO (LKM) UED-SP DI KECAMATAN RAMBAH KABUPATEN ROKAN HULU

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Ahmad Rifai ◽  
Siswanto Siswanto ◽  
Eri Sayamar
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Pooled Data

<p>Abstract : This study analysis the factors affecting the depth of outreach of<br />Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) of UED-SP at Rambah Sub-district Rokan Hulu<br />District. Factors thought to influence the depth of outreach is age of UED-SP, ROA,<br />percent of trading sector clients, percent of agriculture sector clients and number of<br />woman clients. The sampling method is done using by purposive sampling. This study<br />obtained a sample of twelve UED-SPs in the village at Rambah District from in the<br />period of 2012-2015. The data used is secondary data form pooled data. Data were<br />obtained based on the financial reports of each of the samples. This study uses<br />quantitative approach with analysis technique used is multiple linear regression<br />analysis with fixed effect model of pooled data that were previously tested with the<br />classical assumption test. Hypothesis testing using t-statistic and the F-statistic with<br />95% confidence level. Based on the classic assumption test found no variables that<br />deviate. This shows that the available data has been qualified using the linear<br />regression equation model. The results of this study show that depth of outreach are<br />statistically significant infiuenced by age of UED-SP. However, it’s negatively affect<br />on depth of outhreach. Whereas ROA, number of woman borrower, percent of<br />agriculture sector clients and percent of trading sector clients has no affect on depth of<br />outhreach. Predictive ability of these five variables on the depth of outhreach is 77,66<br />percent, while the 22,34 percent influenced by other factors not included in the<br />research model.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi<br />kedalaman jangkauan (Depth of Outrech) pada LKM UED-SP di Kecamatan Rambah<br />Kabupaten Rokan Hulu. Faktor-faktor yang diduga berpengaruh terhadap kedalaman<br />jangkauan adalah umur UED-SP, rasio pengembalian aset (ROA), jumlah peminjam<br />wanita, proporsi peminjam sektor pertanian dan proporsi peminjam sektor perdagangan. Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Dalam penelitian ini diperoleh sampel sebanyak 12 LKM UED-SP di Desa/Kelurahan yang ada di Kecamatan Rambah dan data yang dihimpun adalah 4 tahun dari tahun 2012-2015. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder data panel. Data diperoleh berdasarkan laporan keuangan dari masing-masing sampel. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda data panel dengan model Fixed Effect (FEM) yang sebelumnya diuji dengan uji asumsi klasik. Uji hipotesis menggunakan t-statistik serta F-statistik dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Berdasarkan uji asumsi klasik tidak ditemukan variabel yang menyimpang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa data yang tersedia telah memenuhi syarat menggunakan model persamaan linear berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel umur UEDSP berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kedalaman jangkauan. Namun berpengaruh negatif terhadap kedalaman jangkauan. Kemampuan prediksi kelima variabel tersebut terhadap kedalaman jangkauan adalah 77,66 persen, sedangakan 22,34 persen dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan ke dalam model penelitian.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of time and temperature before chilling on the hygiene of carcasses in wild boar hunted in central Italy

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Barbani ◽  
Giulia Lalinga ◽  
Lia Bardasi ◽  
Raffaella Branciari ◽  
Dino Miraglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Boar ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Elapse Time ◽  
Moderate Correlation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

The interest in certified game meat chains highlights the need for the evaluation and the management of factors affecting carcass hygiene along the peculiar steps of the production. The effects of time and temperature before chilling were specifically evaluated on aerobic colony count and Enterobacteriaceae count in hunted wild boar carcasses. Thirty wild boars were considered in two process steps where the hunted animal are still not chilled: after evisceration and just before chilling. Environmental temperature, carcass temperature and the elapse time between the two-step considered were registered. Furthermore, surface microbial loads were analyzed on the inner part of the carcasses. The mean time between the two sampling steps was 6 hours with an average environmental temperature of 20.49°C. A carcass temperature 9.6°C drop was observed during this period. In this lap of time aerobic colony count and Enterobacteriaceae count increased of 0.68 Log CFU/cm2 and 1.01 Log CFU/cm2 respectively, with a moderate correlation with the time but not with the temperature delta. The results reveal that the temperature conditions in central Italy hunting areas were not able to quickly reduce the carcass temperature and therefore the time between carcass evisceration and chilling should not exceed 6 hours.

Study on Quality Control Method in Multi-Specification and Small-Batch Production

2014 ◽  
Vol 1006-1007 ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
Hai Dong ◽  
Qing Quan Tong ◽  
Yi Kai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Process Control ◽  
Control Chart ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Batch Production ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quality Control Method ◽  
Element Theory

Aiming at the problem of less quality characteristics data in multi-specification and small-batch production, matter-element theory was applied to adjust similarity of factors affecting the quality during the processing, thus similar processes was divided and data shortage problem was resolved. In addition, the relative range method was applied to translate characteristics data, thus drawing the control chart to judge process control state.Through the analysis of a case,the validity of quality control method was verified in the multi-specification and small-batch production.

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