Effect of inorganic phosphate upon Salmonella typhimurium phosphatase activities: non-repressible alkaline phosphatase and non-inhibited acid phosphatase

1967 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Carrillo-Castañeda ◽  
Manuel V. Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Inhibited Acid

Soil enzyme activities following paper sludge addition in a winter cabbage-sweet corn rotation

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gagnon ◽  
R. Lalande ◽  
R. R. Simard ◽  
M. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Arylsulfatase Activity ◽  
Papermill Sludge ◽  
Soil Acid Phosphatase

Combined primary and secondary papermill sludge (PS) is a good source of C and other nutrients for soils devoted to intensive horticultural production. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of PS, spring-applied alone or in combination with ammonium nitrate (AN), on the enzymatic activity of a Bedford clay (Humic Gleysol) in the province of Québec, Canada. The experiment was started in 1996 with winter cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) and continued in 1997 and 1998 on the same plots with sweet corn (Zea mays L.). The PS was applied at 0 (control), 8, 16, 32 and 65 Mg ha−1 in 1996 and at 44% of these rates in 1997. No sludge was applied in 1998. Additional treatments consisted of AN applied yearly at 100% of the plant N requirements and a PS and AN combination. Soil arylsulfatase and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were measured at three different times in each growing season. The PS rate linearly increased the soil acid phosphatase activity in all 3 yr. In contrast, the alkaline phosphatase and arylsulfatase activities were enhanced in 1997 by the 8–16 Mg PS ha−1 treatments, whereas larger amounts of PS showed activity comparable to the control. The second PS application promoted phosphatase activities mostly in fall, but did not sustain arylsulfatase activity. The AN gave lower phosphatase activities than PS, and depressed arylsulfatase. Addition of AN to PS increased only acid phosphatase activity as compared with PS alone or the control. This study indicated that addition of PS improved enzyme activity of this horticultural soil but rates in excess to 32 Mg ha−1 may be detrimental. Key words: Papermill sludge, soil enzyme, cabbage, corn

scholarly journals Effects of combined ethanol extract of Funtumia africana and Abutilon mauritianum leaves on prostate biomarkers and serum mineral levels in prostatic hyperplasia induced male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e06-e06
Author(s):  
Robert Ikechukwu Uroko ◽  
Fatima Amin Adamude ◽  
Simeon Ikechukwu Egba ◽  
Chinedu Paulinus Nwuke ◽  
Chidimma Lilian Asadu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Prostatic Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Serum Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Mineral Levels

Introduction: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prostate disorder in ageing males that negatively affects the quality of life and requires multidimensional approaches to ameliorate its adverse health effects. Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of combined ethanol extract of Funtumia africana and Abutilon mauritianum leaves on the prostate biomarkers, serum mineral levels and prostate histomorphology of BPH induced rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats randomly distributed into 5 groups containing 6 rats each was used for this study. Group 1 served as the normal control rats without BPH induction while groups 2–5 were BPH induced rats that served as BPH control (untreated), finasteride control, and BPH induced treated with 200 and 600 mg/kg/d of the combined ethanol extract of F. africana and A. mauritianum leaves respectively. BPH was induced in the rats by subcutaneous injection of 5 mg/kg/d of testosterone propionate injection and treatment followed 1h after the induction for 28 consecutive days. All the biochemical analyses and prostate histological examinations were carried out using standard methods. Results: BPH induction significantly elevated serum prostatic acid phosphatase activities and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations in the BPH control rats relative to the normal control. The BPH induction caused significant (P<0.05) reductions in the serum levels of calcium and selenium levels and significantly increased the serum inorganic phosphate concentration in the BPH control when compared with the normal control. Treatment with the combined extract significantly (P<0.05) increased the serum zinc, calcium, copper, iron and inorganic phosphate and significantly reduced serum selenium level when compared with the BPH control. The combined extract further significant (P<0.0) reduced the serum prostatic acid phosphatase activities and PSA level relative to the BPH control. The BPH control showed severe prostate histomorphological alterations consistent with BPH which were largely reduced to mild alterations in combined extract-treated BPH induced rats. Conclusion: This study revealed that the combined ethanol extract of F. africana and A. mauritianum leaves positively regulate the serum mineral levels, serum prostatic acid phosphatase activities, PSA levels and improves prostate histomorphology BPH induced rats.

Pathological and biochemical index changes in different tissues of Cyprinus carpio exposed to cadmium

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilan Di ◽  
Yanfei Li ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Xinhua Chen
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Head Kidney ◽  
Cadmium Stress ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Cadmium Exposure ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
Biochemical Indices

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is among the most toxic metals and is widely distributed in aquatic environments. Objective: Histopathological lesions and biochemical indices can be used to reflect the toxic effects of cadmium in fish target organs. Methods: In the present study, the common carp Cyprinus carpio was exposed to 0.5 mg/L of CdCl2 for 21 days. Histopathological analyses were performed in the spleen, liver, kidney, gills and head kidney tissues of C. carpio, and tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and observed under an optical microscope. The acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and lysozyme activities were determined. Results: The results showed that there were various pathological changes in five major tissues of C. carpio. The kidney, gills, and liver were the most affected organs during cadmium exposure, and deformation and disorganization of epithelial cells, vacuolization formation, serious hemorrhages and necrosis were also observed. In addition, 0.5 mg/L cadmium exposure significantly increased serum lysozyme and acid phosphatase activities and inhibited alkaline phosphatase activity. The present study showed that cadmium stress causes significant pathological tissue changes and influences lysozyme, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities in C. carpio. Acid phosphatase and lysozyme activities are sensitive to cadmium. Conclusion: In conclusion, the toxicity of cadmium caused varying degrees of pathological and biochemical changes in fish tissues in C. carpio.

Enzyme activity of zhargalant farm soil, central province of Mongolia

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Bayarmaa J ◽  
Purev D
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Central Province ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Field Soils

We conducted monitoring analysis of cellulase, saccharase, protease, urease, acid and alcaline phosphatase activities of Zhargalant farm soil, Central province of Mongolia. From the results it is clear seen that for the year activity of cellulase, protease and urease are increased but activity of saccharase decreased. The activity of acid phosphatase on control, wheat and nearby wheat field soils decreased but on rape and nearby rape fields its activity increased. About alkaline phosphatase its activity decreased on control and soil of wheat field, on soils of nearby wheat, rape and nearby rape fields its activity increased. For the field where seeding crops did not produces there was positive correlation between humus and enzyme activity, but for the soils were the crops were sown this correlation changes depending on the enzymes. This trend is also observed for the soils of nearby fields.

ENZYMORPHOLOGIC OBSERVATIONS IN THE UTERUS AND VAGINA OF CASTRATE RATS RECEIVING OVARIAN HORMONES

1961 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masando Hayashi ◽  
William H. Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histochemical Localization ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Small Doses ◽  
Phosphatase Alkaline

ABSTRACT The early changes in the histochemical localization of β-glucuronidase, α-naphthy esterase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide diaphorase (DPNH-diaphorase) were investigated in the uterus and the vagina of castrate rats following treatment with 17β-oestradiol alone, and with progesterone in animals previously primed with oestradiol. Marked alterations in the intensity and location of β-glucuronidase, esterase and alkaline phosphatase occur in the vagina only two hours after the injection of oestrogen. On the other hand, the change in DPNH-diaphorase or acid phosphatase is much slower in making its appearance. Progesterone accelerates these effects in animals previously primed with small doses of oestrogen. Among the changes observed, the most characteristic are the ones occurring in the β-glucuronidase and alkaline phosphatase activities of the vagina.

Inorganic phosphate accumulation and phosphatase activity in the nucleus of maize embryo root cells

1981 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-89
Author(s):  
R. Deltour ◽  
S. Fransolet ◽  
R. Loppes
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Acid Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Ultrastructural Localization ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Phosphatase Activities ◽  
Root Tissues

The nucleus of growing root cells Zea mays contains a high concentration of inorganic phosphate. In order to verify whether this high nuclear Pi concentration is correlated with the metabolic activity of the nucleus, the Pi has been visualized in root cells of maize embryos at the electron-microscope level during 2 different periods which are both characterized by a spectacular reactivation of the nuclear metabolism, i.e. the early germination and the period of recovery following a thermal treatment given to the seeds after 48 h of germination. In both situations the Pi concentration increased in the nucleus during its reactivation. To verify whether the high nuclear Pi concentration could be of endogenous origin, the phosphatase activities were measured in crude extracts of root tissues during nuclear reactivation. The specific activity was optimal at pH 4.5 and was shown to increase with cellular reactivation. The ultrastructural localization of acid phosphatase activity showed that Pi may be produced at 3 distinct sites: plasmalemma, vacuoles and most probably nucleus itself. High acid phosphatase activities were found in nuclei displaying a high metabolism. Taking these results and previous data into account, we suggest that a correlation may exist between the rate of nuclear transcription, the level of nuclear acid phosphatase activity and the nuclear Pi accumulation.

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