Presence of the brown fat-specific mitochondrial uncoupling protein and iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity in subcutaneous adipose tissue of neonatal lambs

FEBS Letters ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 322 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Trayhurn ◽  
Moira E.A. Thomas ◽  
Jacqueline S. Duncan ◽  
Fergus Nicol ◽  
John R. Arthur
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Deiodinase Activity ◽  
Neonatal Lambs ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Thyroxine 5'-deiodinase in brown adipose tissue of myopathic hamsters

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (1) ◽  
pp. E8-E13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kopecky ◽  
L. Sigurdson ◽  
I. R. Park ◽  
J. Himms-Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
Deiodinase Activity ◽  
Brown Adipose

Myopathic Syrian hamsters (BIO 14.6) have less brown adipose tissue (BAT) than normal. The trophic response of this tissue to cold is smaller than normal and trophic responses to diet and to photoperiod are absent. The objective was to find out whether activity of thyroxine 5'-deiodinase in their BAT was increased normally in response to cold and thus whether a defect in endogenous production of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine might underlie the attenuated trophic response. The effect of feeding a high-fat diet on activity of 5'-deiodinase was also studied. Cold acclimation increased thyroxine 5'-deiodinase activity in BAT of the myopathic hamster, but the total remained smaller than normal because of the smaller size. The cold-induced increase in concentration of mitochondrial uncoupling protein was also smaller than normal. The level of serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine was low in myopathic hamsters and remained lower than normal when they were cold-exposed or cold acclimated. Feeding the high-fat diet to myopathic hamsters resulted in a greater than normal suppression of thyroxine 5'-deiodinase activity than in normal hamsters; the normal increases in protein content and in concentration of mitochondrial uncoupling protein were absent. We conclude that the defective trophic response of BAT of the myopathic hamster is not secondary to defective regulation of its thyroxine 5'-deiodinase activity because this activity does not appear to be obligatorily linked to hypertrophy of BAT. The low level of serum 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in the myopathic hamster may be secondary to reduced capacity for peripheral thyroxine deiodination in its BAT.

Brown fat-specific mitochondrial uncoupling protein in adipose tissues of newborn reindeer

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (6) ◽  
pp. R1229-R1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Soppela ◽  
M. Nieminen ◽  
S. Saarela ◽  
J. S. Keith ◽  
J. N. Morrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Molecular Weight Characteristic ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Adverse Weather

Reindeer inhabit a severe arctic or subarctic environment, with the young born in early spring under adverse weather conditions. The extreme northern climate imposes a major thermal challenge to the newborn, and in the present study we have examined fetal, neonatal, and young (from 2 wk before birth to 16 mo postpartum) semidomesticated reindeer from northern Finland for the presence of thermogenic brown adipose tissue. Adipose tissues were removed, mitochondria were prepared, and the proteins were separated by molecular weight and blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were then probed for the presence of the 32,000-relative molecular weight mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) unique to brown fat by use of a rabbit anti-(ground squirrel UCP) serum. Immunoreactivity at the molecular weight characteristic of UCP was present in perirenal, abdominal, inter(pre)scapular, sternal, intralumbar, vertebral, tracheal, inguinal, and omental-mesenteral adipose tissues of newborn reindeer (0-2 days of age). No immunoreactivity was detected in coronary adipose tissue. UCP was found at high levels in interscapular and perirenal adipose tissues of fetal reindeer at 2 wk before birth. Although the protein was present during the first few days postpartum, little immunoreactivity was found at 1 mo of age, and none was evident by 2 mo. UCP and its mRNA were also apparent in perirenal adipose tissue of the newborn of another species of Cervidae, the red deer. It is concluded, on the basis of the immunologic identification of UCP, that most adipose tissues of newborn reindeer represent functional brown fat but that there is a subsequent conversion to white adipose tissue by the 2nd mo of life.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Characterization of mitochondrial-uncoupling protein in bovine fetus and newborn calf

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (5) ◽  
pp. E627-E636 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Casteilla ◽  
C. Forest ◽  
J. Robelin ◽  
D. Ricquier ◽  
A. Lombet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Bovine Fetuses ◽  
Relative Molecular Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Development changes in the content of the mitochondrial-uncoupling protein (UCP) have been studied in adipose depots of bovine fetuses and a newborn calf as well as in adipose depots of newborn and aging lambs. The occurrence of UCP unique to brown adipose tissue (BAT) was investigated by GDP binding, photoaffinity labeling with 8-azidoadenosine 5'-triphosphate, and immunoblots using specific antibodies directed against rat UCP. A protein of 32,000 relative molecular weight was characterized in both species with properties similar to those of rodent UCP. In bovine, UCP became detectable in the perirenal adipose tissue at day -80 and its content increased until birth. Both in bovine (perirenal, subscapular, and retroperitoneal sites) and in ovine (perirenal, subscapular, retroperitoneal, and pericardiac sites), all adipose tissues except the subcutaneous adipose tissue contained at birth UCP and thus can be considered as BAT. The data indicate that the perirenal adipose depot should play in bovine and ovine a major thermogenic role at birth, whereas perirenal and pericardiac adipose tissues of lambs held under cold conditions for 45 days after birth did not show any immunoreactive UCP.

scholarly journals Eicosapentaenoic Acid Increases Browning Markers in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Primary Adipocytes from Wild Type and UCP-1 Deficient Mice (P15-007-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shasika Jayarathne ◽  
Mandana Pahlavani ◽  
Latha Ramalingam ◽  
Shane Scoggin ◽  
Naima Moustaid-Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Objectives Brown adipose tissue (BAT) regulates energy balance through thermogenesis, in part via uncoupling protein -1 (UCP-1). White adipose tissue (WAT), namely subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) can convert to a beige/brite adipose tissue phenotype (browning) under thermogenic conditions such as cold. We previously reported that eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) reduced obesity and glucose intolerance, and increased UCP-1 in BAT of B6 mice at ambient temperature (22°C); and these effects were attenuated at thermoneutral environment (28–30°C). We hypothesized that EPA exerts anti-obesity effects on SAT, including increased browning, adipocyte hypotrophy; and these effects require UCP-1. Methods Six-week-old B6 wild type (WT) and UCP-1 knock-out (KO) male mice were maintained at thermoneutral environment and fed high fat diet (HF) with or without 36 g/kg of AlaskOmega EPA-enriched fish oil (800 mg/g) for 14 weeks; and SAT was collected for histological, gene and protein analyses. SAT was also prepared from chow diet-fed WT and KO mice at ambient environment to prepare stroma vascular cells, which were differentiated into adipocytes, treated with 100uM EPA for 48 hours then harvested for mRNA and protein analyses. Results KO mice fed HF diets had the highest body weight (P < 0.05) among all groups. EPA reduced fat cell size in both WT and KO mice fed the EPA diet. mRNA levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) were higher in SAT of WT mice fed EPA compared to WT mice fed HF (P < 0.05), with no differences between the KO genotype. KO mice fed HF diets had lower levels of UCP-3 in SAT compared to WT mice fed HF (P < 0.05), which was rescued only in the KO mice fed EPA (P < 0.05). UCP-1 protein levels were very low in SAT tissues, and UCP-2 mRNA levels were similar across all groups in SAT. Interestingly, EPA significantly (P < 0.05) increased mRNA expression of UCP-2, UCP-3 and FGF21 in differentiated SAT adipocytes from both WT and KO compared to control. Furthermore, UCP-1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in WT adipocytes treated with EPA, compared to non-treated cells (P < 0.05). Additional mechanistic studies are currently underway to further dissect adipose depot differences in EPA effects in WT vs. KO mice. Conclusions Our data suggest that EPA increases SAT browning, independently of UCP-1. Funding Sources NIH/NCCIH.

Reduction of dietary obesity in aP2-Ucp transgenic mice: physiology and adipose tissue distribution

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (5) ◽  
pp. E768-E775 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kopecky ◽  
Z. Hodny ◽  
M. Rossmeisl ◽  
I. Syrovy ◽  
L. P. Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Lipid Binding ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Dietary Obesity

We seek to determine whether increased energy dissipation in adipose tissue can prevent obesity. Transgenic mice with C57BL6/J background and the adipocyte lipid-binding protein (aP2) gene promoter directing expression of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP) gene in white and brown fat were used. Physiologically, UCP is essential for nonshivering thermogenesis in brown fat. Mice were assigned to a chow or a high-fat (HF) diet at 3 mo of age. Over the next 25 wk, gains of body weight were similar in corresponding subgroups (n = 6-8) of female and male mice: 4-5 g in chow nontransgenic and transgenic, 20 g in HF nontransgenic, and 9-11 g in HF transgenic mice. The lower body weight gain in the HF transgenic vs. nontransgenic mice corresponded to a twofold lower feed efficiency. Gonadal fat was enlarged, but subcutaneous white fat was decreased in the transgenic vs. nontransgenic mice in both dietary conditions. The results suggest that UCP synthesized from the aP2 gene promoter is capable of reducing dietary obesity.

Effects of intravenous isoproterenol (β-agonist) administration on expression and synthesis of ovine uncoupling protein-1

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 164-164
Author(s):  
D.S. Finn ◽  
P. Trayhurn ◽  
J. Struthers ◽  
M.A. Lomax
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling ◽  
Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Neonatal Life ◽  
Adrenoceptor Agonist ◽  
Brown Adipose

A crucial factor in the prevention of hypothermia in the neonatal lamb is the functional activitation of a mitochondrial uncoupling protein (UCP1) in brown adipose tissue. UCP1 disappears from lamb brown fat over the first 14 days of life (Finn et al., 1998), but it is not known whether this process can be modulated in lambs by the release of catecholamines which have been established in rodents as a mediator of the response to cold stress. This study examines the effect of administering a β-adrenoceptor agonist on the disappearance of UCP1 and UCP1 mRNA during early neonatal life, using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.

scholarly journals Iodothyronine 5′-deiodinase activity as an early event of prenatal brown-fat differentiation in bovine development

1989 ◽  
Vol 259 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Giralt ◽  
L Casteilla ◽  
O Viñas ◽  
T Mampel ◽  
R Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Early Event ◽  
Type I ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Reverse T3 ◽  
Deiodinase Activity ◽  
Brown Adipose

Iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity appears to be a type I enzyme in bovine brown adipose tissue, on the basis of its high Km for 3,3',5'-tri-iodothyronine (‘reverse T3’) (in the micromolar range) and sensitivity to propylthiouracil inhibition. This enzyme activity is already detectable in perirenal adipose tissue of bovine fetuses in the second month of gestation, reaches peak values around the seventh month of fetal life, declines before birth, becomes lower after parturition and finally undetectable in the adult cow. Iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity is present in the pericardic, peritoneal and intermuscular adipose depots of the neonatal calf, but it is always undetectable in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. It is concluded that iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase is a specific feature of brown fat in the bovine species that is not shared by white adipose tissue. white adipose tissue. Peak values of 5'-deiodinating activity appear as an early event in the prenatal differentiation programme of bovine brown-fat cells as they occur when uncoupling-protein-gene expression first starts.

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