Long-term effects of high application rates of NPK fertilizer on tensil strength and water stability of the soil structure

Geoderma ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hadas ◽  
Aviva Hadas ◽  
J. Quinton
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Water Stability ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
High Application

Long-term effects of herbicide and fertilizers on lowbush blueberry growth and production

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard J. Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Vaccinium Angustifolium ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Vegetative And Reproductive Growth

Effects of herbicide and herbicide-fertilizer combinations on vegetative and reproductive growth of the lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) were assessed over a 12-yr period (six production cycles). All treatments stimulated stem lengths, fruit buds per stem and fresh fruit yields compared with untreated controls, but only after 3–6 yr. After the second cycle, stem lengths and fruit bud numbers were greater in herbicide + NPK-treated plants than in all others. Fresh fruit yields were variable throughout the study but were higher in herbicide and herbicide + fertilizer plots than in untreated controls after 1982, except in 1988. Nitrogen levels were greater in leaves and rhizomes of plants in all herbicide and herbicide + fertilizer plots than in control plots after 10 yr, whereas phosphorus was higher only in plants fertilized with NPK. These results suggest the lowbush blueberry responds slowly to herbicide and fertilizer applications. Increased vegetative and reproductive development, as well as denser plant stands, resulted from repeated herbicide and fertilizer applications. Fertilizers applied in conjunction with herbicides stimulate vegetative growth (and fruit buds if an NPK fertilizer), but appear to have no consistent effect on fresh fruit yields. Key words:Vaccinium angustifolium, fertilizer, herbicide, fruit buds, yield

Long-term Effects of Organic Waste Fertilizers on Soil Structure, Tracer Transport, and Leaching of Colloids

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Duus Stevens Lekfeldt ◽  
Charlotte Kjaergaard ◽  
Jakob Magid
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Tracer Transport ◽  
Long Term Effects

scholarly journals Long-Term Biosolids Applications to Overgrazed Rangelands Improve Soil Health

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Cassidy M. Buchanan ◽  
James A. Ippolito
Keyword(s):  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Health Index ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Health Indices ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Biosolids Application

Overgrazed rangelands can lead to soil degradation, yet long-term land application of organic amendments (i.e., biosolids) may play a pivotal role in improving degraded rangelands in terms of soil health. However, the long-term effects on soil health properties in response to single or repeated, low to excessive biosolids applications, on semi-arid, overgrazed grasslands have not been quantified. Using the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF), soil physical, biological, chemical, nutrient, and overall soil health indices between biosolids applications (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 21, or 30 Mg ha−1) and application time (single: 1991, repeated: 2002) were determined. Results showed no significant changes in soil physical and nutrient health indices. However, the chemical soil health index was greater when biosolids were applied at rates <30 Mg ha−1 and within the single compared to repeated applications. The biological soil health index was positively affected by increasing biosolids application rates, was overall greater in the repeated as compared to the single application, and was maximized at 30 Mg ha−1. The overall soil health index was maximized at rates <30 Mg ha−1. When all indices were combined, and considering past plant community findings at this site, overall soil health appeared optimized at a biosolids application rate of ~10 Mg ha−1. The use of soil health tools can help determine a targeted organic amendment application rate to overgrazed rangelands so the material provides maximum benefits to soils, plants, animals, and the environment.

Long-term effects of sewage sludge application on sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafet Aslantas ◽  
Ilker Angin ◽  
Ahmet Orhan Kobaza
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Sludge Application

This study describes the long-term effects of different sewage sludge application rates on vegetative parameters, morphological characteristics, yield, and chemical properties of fruit and leaves of sour cherry (Prunus cerasusL.) cv. “Kütahya.” A three-year field experiment was set up in a completely randomized block design with six sewage sludge application rates (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 kg of dry matter per tree) and three replications. One-year-old Kütahya sour cherry trees grafted onPrunus mahalebrootstock were evaluated. In all application rates, sewage sludge altered vegetative growth parameters, morphological characteristics, and yield. The most effective application rate was 7.5 kg per tree, it increased cumulative yield more than twofold. The results obtained in this study demonstrate that application of sewage sludge to light-textured soil is an effective means for improvement of vegetative growth and yield, and that a single application of sewage sludge sustains its effects for at least 7 years.

scholarly journals Accumulation of copper and zinc in soil and plant within ten-year application of different pig manure rates

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 492-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Xu ◽  
W. Yu ◽  
Q. Ma ◽  
H. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Pig Manure ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Total N ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
High Application

Fertilization of crops with pig manure is a common practice throughout the world. Nevertheless, due to the relatively high copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) contents in pig manure, continuous application of pig manure could have negative effects on soil and plant. The study aimed at the impacts of long-term applying different pig manure rates (equivalently 0, 100, 250 and 500 kg total N/ha/year from 2002 to 2008 and 0, 10, 25 and 50 t fresh weight/ha/year from 2009 to 2011, respectively) on Cu and Zn accumulation in soil and plant. During the 10 years of the experiment, a total of 2.04 to 10.20 kg/ha/year for Cu, 3.15 to 15.73 kg/ha/year for Zn were applied to the soil. Results from this study showed that long-term pig manure application resulted in serious accumulation of Cu and Zn in soil, total Cu and Zn concentrations increased by 204% and 107% at high application rates, respectively. Although topsoil Cu and Zn concentrations were below concentrations considered phytotoxic to crops, according to current Chinese legislation, it would take only less time than 16 and 27 years of high application rates to reach the allowable limits. Our result also suggested that Cu and Zn leaching occurred in the tested soil. The Cu and Zn concentrations in stalks and grains were not affected by the application of pig manure, and these values were lower than the threshold values for animal and human ingestion.

scholarly journals Dynamical systems modelling of the interactions of animal stocking density and soil fertility in grazed pasture

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Wickham ◽  
G. C. Wake ◽  
S. J. R. Woodward ◽  
B. S. Thorrold
Keyword(s):  
Stocking Density ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Mathematical Representation ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Systems Modelling ◽  
Fertiliser Application

To examine the long-term effects of fertiliser application on pasture growth under grazing, a mathematical representation of the pasture ecosystem is created and analysed mathematically. From this the nutrient application level needed to maintain a given stocking rate can be determined, along with its profitability. Feasible stocking levels and fertiliser application rates are investigated and the optimal combination found, along with the sensitivity of this combination. It is shown that profitability is relatively insensitive to fertiliser level compared with stocking rate.

Long-term effects of conventional and reduced tillage on soil structure, soil ecological and soil hydraulic properties

Geoderma ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Schlüter ◽  
Caroline Großmann ◽  
Julius Diel ◽  
Gi-Mick Wu ◽  
Sabine Tischer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Soil Hydraulic

Investigating long-term effects of subsurface drainage on soil structure in paddy fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Jafari Talukolaee ◽  
Abdullah Darzi Naftchali ◽  
Lotfullah Zare Parvariji ◽  
Mirkhalegh Z. Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Subsurface Drainage ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Long Term Effects

Effects of liming on soil structure and GHG fluxes at three spruce sites in SW Germany

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Maier ◽  
Valentin Gartiser ◽  
Verena Lang ◽  
Raphael Habel ◽  
Lelde Jansone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Gas Diffusivity ◽  
Humus Layer

&lt;p&gt;Forest soils in Central Europe received massive atmospheric deposition of SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NO&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt; during the second half of the 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; century. The resulting fast acidification of the soils was accompanied by massive forest dieback and problematic nutrient imbalances at some sites. After the emissions of SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; have been reduced in the 80&amp;#180;s and 90&amp;#180;s, the situation of acidic deposition has been gradually improving. Yet, the deposition of N compounds remains high and still has an impact on forest ecosystems. Natural soil development and &amp;#8220;regeneration&amp;#8221; is a slow process, which is why other options were investigated to recover heavily affected forest soils. A well-known means to mitigate the observed effects of the anthropogenic acidification surges is liming, i.e. the application of minerals such as CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and CaMg(CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; that are able to buffer strong acids. Liming directly affects soil pH which is a &amp;#8220;master variable&amp;#8221; of the soil. Soil pH, and thus, liming, affects and interacts with many soil processes from mineralization of organic matter and humification, to (de-) stabilization soil structure, nutrient availability and mobility, plant growth and more.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Several study sites were established in the 1980 in Baden-Wuerttemberg to study long term effects of liming on soil structure and forest growth. At all sites a &amp;#8220;control&amp;#8221; plot and a &amp;#8220;limed&amp;#8221; plot were established next to each other. The limed plots were treated with approx. 3 t ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; of CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; in the 1980&amp;#180;s and 6 t ha&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; of Ca/MgCO&lt;sub&gt;3 &lt;/sub&gt;in 2003. Here we report on results from three sites (Bad Waldsee, Hospital, Herzogenweiler) with Spruce stands (70-110 years), where long term effects of liming on the physical soil structure and soil gas profiles (2017-2019) were studied (Jansone et al., 2020). Liming resulted in a reduction of the thickness of the humus layer and a blurring of the previously clearly separated boundary between the mineral soil and the humus layer. Even though total pore space in the top soil was slightly reduced at the limed plots, soil gas diffusivity was higher at a given air-filled pore-space. This indicates a better connectivity in the air-filled pores, that means more larger pores connecting the atmosphere at the soil surface and the mineral soil. Soil CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations showed clear seasonal patterns and a typical increase with depth. Higher CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations tend to be found in the un-limed control plots. Soil CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations at the soil&amp;#8211;humus interface were closer to atmospheric concentrations in the limed plots compared to the control plots. This can be interpreted as an effect of the decrease in the thickness of the humus layer and the increase in the soil gas diffusivity (better aeration) or in a reduced activity of the methanotrophic community.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Acknowledgement&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This research was financially supported by Bundesministerium f&amp;#252;r Ern&amp;#228;hrung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL), grant number 28W-B-4-075-02 (2018&amp;#8211;2021).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Literature&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Jansone, L., von Wilpert, K. and Hartmann, P., 2020. Natural Recovery and Liming Effects in Acidified Forest Soils in SW-Germany. Soil Systems, 4(38): 1-35.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document