The nature of skeletal density banding in scleractinian corals: fine banding and seasonal patterns

AbstractX-ray micro–computed tomography (µCT) is increasingly used to record the skeletal growth banding of corals. However, the wealth of data generated is time consuming to analyse for growth rates and colony age. Here we test an artificial intelligence (AI) approach to assist the expert identification of annual density boundaries in small colonies of massive Porites spanning decades. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained with µCT images combined with manually labelled ground truths to learn banding-related features. The CNN successfully predicted the position of density boundaries in independent images not used in training. Linear extension rates derived from CNN-based outputs and the traditional method were consistent. In the future, well-resolved 2D density boundaries from AI can be used to reconstruct density surfaces and enable studies focused on variations in rugosity and growth gradients across colony 3D space. We recommend the development of a community platform to share annotated images for AI.

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Correction Factors for δ18O-Derived Global Sea Surface Temperature Reconstructions From Diagenetically Altered Intervals of Coral Skeletal Density Banding

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2019.00306 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Author(s):

Mayandi Sivaguru ◽

Kyle W. Fouke ◽

Lauren Todorov ◽

Michael J. Kingsford ◽

Kaitlyn E. Fouke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Correction Factors ◽

Skeletal Density ◽

Temperature Reconstructions ◽

Density Banding ◽

Global Sea Surface Temperature

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Implication of water depth on stable isotope composition and skeletal density banding patterns in a Porites lutea colony: results from a long-term translocation experiment

Coral Reefs ◽

10.1007/s00338-003-0333-2 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 337-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

M. Rosenfeld ◽

R. Yam ◽

A. Shemesh ◽

Y. Loya

Keyword(s):

Stable Isotope ◽

Water Depth ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Stable Isotope Composition ◽

Porites Lutea ◽

Banding Patterns ◽

Skeletal Density ◽

Translocation Experiment ◽

Density Banding

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Fluorescent and skeletal density banding in Porites lutea from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia

Coral Reefs ◽

10.1007/bf00301595 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 169-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Terence P. Scoffin ◽

Alexander W. Tudhope ◽

Barbara E. Brown

Keyword(s):

Papua New Guinea ◽

New Guinea ◽

Porites Lutea ◽

Skeletal Density ◽

Density Banding

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The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽

10.1017/s0094837300025707 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 6 (02) ◽

pp. 146-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

William A. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Critical Points ◽

Scleractinian Corals ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Early Triassic ◽

Rugose Corals ◽

History Of ◽

The Subject ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000222 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 5-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Daniel Hideki Bando ◽

Fernando Madalena Volpe

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Pattern ◽

Total Sample ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Seasonal Patterns ◽

São Paulo ◽

Health Statistics ◽

Males And Females ◽

June July ◽

The City ◽

Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

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