Trade liberalization and the dimensions of efficiency change in Mexican manufacturing industries

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 53-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Tybout ◽  
M.Daniel Westbrook
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Efficiency Change

scholarly journals DOES OPENNESS REDUCE WAGE INEQUALITY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES? PANEL DATA EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250012 ◽  
Author(s):  
FARZANA MUNSHI
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Theoretical Prediction ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Openness To Trade

This paper provides panel data evidence on trade liberalization and wage inequality in Bangladesh. Estimates from a dynamic model for five major manufacturing industries spanning the 1975–2002 period suggest that the effect of increased openness to trade is associated with a decrease in wage inequality. The result is in line with the theoretical prediction in that greater openness is expected to reduce wage inequality in developing countries.

Trade Liberalization and International Performance of Australian Manufacturing Industries and Its

2006 ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
Andrew Marks
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Important Lesson ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Balance Of Trade

Trade liberalization has played a pivotal role in improving the export orientation of the various Australian manufacturing industries (at the two-digit level) in the period 1974/75-2000/01. However, those industries subjected to industry-specific assistance measures — for example, the textile, clothing and footwear and the machinery and equipment industries (motor vehicle industry component) — have exhibited a superior export-oriented performance. The important lesson emanating from this result for the information technology sector is that although it is also subjected to these measures, their expansion can help alleviate the weak and stagnant export performance in information technology goods thereby helping to combat the projected large balance of trade deficit. Moreover, stronger output and employment growth will arise because of the significant contribution of these goods to the economy.

scholarly journals Trade Liberalization and its Environmental Impact in India: An Empirical Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Ranjan Aneja ◽  
Ummed Singh
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Pollution Haven ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Pollution Haven Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industry Level Data

The debate on the impact of trade on environment is pertinent considering the increasing volume of trade among world nations and the changes in environmental quality. In India, this increase was higher because of the gradual lifting of the quantitative restrictions and reduction in tariffs after trade liberalization in 1991. The pollution haven effect occurs when trade liberalization, coupled with lax environmental regulations results in increasing economic activities in pollution intensive industries. Using industry level data for the period 1998-2008, for fifty eight manufacturing industries in India, this paper looks at output and export trends and attempts to examine, whether trade liberalization is associated with a shift in production and exportation towards pollution intensive goods industries (pollution haven effect). Manufacturing output has been significantly higher from the water pollution intensive sectors compared to the air and toxic pollution intensive sectors. This evidence provides some support for concerns that there is significant contribution in production of manufacturing industries from dirty industries. The results of the study suggest that while trade liberalization measures have been pursued to promote economic growth in India but they have led to some potentially adverse environmental consequences.

scholarly journals Components of Productivity Growth of the Manufacturing Industries of Petroleum and Coal Products in India: An Interstate Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Prasanta Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Allocation Efficiency ◽  
Scale Change ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Time Invariant

The study applies stochastic frontier approach to estimate and decompose the sources of total factor productivity growth (TFPG) of the 2-digit manufacturing industries of petroleum and coal products in fifteen major industrialized states in India as well as in All-India during the period from 1981-82 to 2010-11, during the entire period, during the pre-reform period (1981-82 to 1990-91) and post-reform period (1991-92 to 2010-11), and also during two different decades of the post-reform period, i.e., during 1991-92 to 2000-01 and 2001-02 to 2010-11. The components of TFPG are: technological progress (TP), technical efficiency change (TEC), economic scale change (SC) and allocation efficiency change (AEC). According to the estimated results, technological progress (TP) is the major contributing factor to TFPG of the organized manufacturing industries of petroleum and coal products in India and in its fifteen major industrializes states during 1981-82 to 2010-11. Further, TFPG of the 2-digit manufacturing industries of petroleum and coal products in India and in its fifteen major industrialized states declined during the post-reform period and the decline in TFPG of these 2-digit industries during that period is mainly accounted for by the decline in TP of the same during that period. However, allocation efficiency change (AEC) and economic scale change (SC) of them remain very negligible or even negative too in many states under study. Further, TEC of them remain unchanged or it is time invariant in nature as statistical tests suggest. So that increase in the combined effect of AEC and SC of them could not offset the decrease in their TP during that period. As a result TFPG of the 2-digit manufacturing industries of petroleum and coal products declined in India and its fifteen major industrialized states during the post-reform period.

scholarly journals Gender, Informal Employment and Trade Liberalization in Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-283
Author(s):  
Sarra Ben Yahmed ◽  
Pamela Bombarda
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Large Firms ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Labor Reallocation ◽  
Formal Employment ◽  
Service Sectors

Abstract This paper studies how import liberalization affects formal employment across gender. The theory offers a mechanism to explain how male and female formal employment shares can respond differently to trade liberalization through labor reallocation across tradable and nontradable sectors. Using Mexican data over the period 1993–2001, we find that Mexican tariff cuts increase the probability of working formally for both men and women within four-digit manufacturing industries. The formalization of jobs within tradable sectors is driven by large firms. Constructing a regional tariff measure, we find that regional exposure to import liberalization increases the probability of working formally in the manufacturing sector for both men and women, and especially for men. However in the service sectors, the probability of working formally decreases for low-skilled women.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document