I. The relationship between age-related changes in gene expression, protein turnover, and the responsiveness of an organism to stimuli

Life Sciences ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlan Richardson ◽  
H. Tak Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Age-dependent changes in mean and variance of gene expression across tissues in a twin cohort

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Viñuela ◽  
Andrew A Brown ◽  
Alfonso Buil ◽  
Pei-Chien Tsai ◽  
Matthew N Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Methylation Array ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

AbstractGene expression changes with age have consequences for healthy aging and disease development. Here we investigate age-related changes in gene expression measured by RNA-seq in four tissues and the interplay between genotypes and age-related changes in expression. Using concurrently measured methylation array data from fat we also investigate the relationship between methylation, gene expression and age. We identified age-dependent changes in mean levels of gene expression in 5,631 genes and in splicing of 904 genes. Age related changes were widely shared across tissues, with up to 60% of age-related changes in expression and 47% on splicing in multi-exonic genes shared; amongst these we highlight effects on genes involved in diseases such as Alzheimer and cancer. We identified 137 genes with age-related changes in variance and 42 genes with age-dependent discordance between genetically identical individuals; implying the latter are driven by environmental effects. We also give four examples where genetic control of expression is affected by the aging process. Analysis of methylation observed a widespread and stronger effect of age on methylation than expression; however we did not find a strong relationship between age-related changes in both expression and methylation. In summary, we quantified aging affects in splicing, level and variance of gene expression, and show that these processes can be both environmentally and genetically influenced.

scholarly journals Auditory word recognition across the lifespan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike K. Blumenfeld ◽  
Scott R. Schroeder ◽  
Susan C. Bobb ◽  
Max R. Freeman ◽  
Viorica Marian
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Auditory Word ◽  
Auditory Word Recognition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Abstract Recent research suggests that bilingual experience reconfigures linguistic and nonlinguistic cognitive processes. We examined the relationship between linguistic competition resolution and nonlinguistic cognitive control in younger and older adults who were either bilingual or monolingual. Participants heard words in English and identified the referent among four pictures while eye-movements were recorded. Target pictures (e.g., cab) appeared with a phonological competitor picture (e.g., cat) and two filler pictures. After each eye-tracking trial, priming probes assessed residual activation and inhibition of target and competitor words. When accounting for processing speed, results revealed that age-related changes in activation and inhibition are smaller in bilinguals than in monolinguals. Moreover, younger and older bilinguals, but not monolinguals, recruited similar inhibition mechanisms during word identification and during a nonlinguistic Stroop task. Results suggest that, during lexical access, bilinguals show more consistent competition resolution and recruitment of cognitive control across the lifespan than monolinguals.

Age-related changes in pancreatic islet cell gene expression

Metabolism ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Giddings ◽  
Lynn R. Carnaghi ◽  
Arshag D. Mooradian
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Islet Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Islet Cell ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cell Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Gene ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals The Impact of Long‐Term Physical Activity on Age‐Related Changes in Protein and Gene Expression

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R Lanza ◽  
Daniel K Short ◽  
Kevin R Short ◽  
Yan W Asmann ◽  
Sreekumar Raghavakaimal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age Related Changes

Objectively Measured Age-Related Changes in the Intensity Distribution of Daily Physical Activity in Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ayabe ◽  
Takuya Yahiro ◽  
Myumi Yoshioka ◽  
Hiroyuki Higuchi ◽  
Yasuki Higaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

Background:The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the relationship between age and the intensity of the daily physical activity in men and women, aged 18 to 69 years.Methods:A total 507 volunteers continuously wore a pedometer with a uni-ax-ial accelerometer (Lifecorder, Kenz, Japan) for 7 days, to determine the number of steps (steps/day) as well as the time spent in physical activity (minutes/day) at light (below 3 METs), moderate (3 to 6 METs), and vigorous (above 6 METs) intensities, respectively. All procedures carried out in the present investigation were conducted from 1999 to 2000 in Japan.Results:The time spent in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity significantly decreased with aging (P < 0.01). In contrast, the middle- to older-aged individuals spent a longer time in light intensity physical activity in comparison with the younger individuals (P < 0.05). Furthermore, these age-associated differences of physical activity were also significant, even though the number of steps did not differ significantly.Conclusions:These results indicate that the intensity of daily physical activity decreases with increasing age regardless of the amount of daily physical activity.

Age-related changes in the transcriptional profile of mouse RPE/choroid

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Ida ◽  
Sharon A. Boylan ◽  
Andrea L. Weigel ◽  
Leonard M. Hjelmeland
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cdna Probe ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Mouse Cdna ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Related Changes

To evaluate the age-related changes in gene expression occurring in the complex of retinal pigmented epithelium, Bruch’s membrane, and choroid (RPE/choroid), we examined the gene expression profiles of young adult (2 mo) and old (24 mo) male C57BL/6 mice. cDNA probe sets from individual animals were synthesized using total RNA isolated from the RPE/choroid of each animal. Probes were amplified using the Clontech SMART system, radioactively labeled, and hybridized to two different Clontech Atlas mouse cDNA arrays. From each age group, three independent triplicates were hybridized to the arrays. Statistical analyses were performed using the Significance Analysis of Microarrays program (SAM version 1.13; Stanford University). Selected array results were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Of 2,340 genes represented on the arrays, ∼60% were expressed in young and/or old mouse RPE/choroid. A moderate fraction (12%) of all expressed genes exhibited a statistically significant change in expression with age. Of these 150 genes, all but two, HMG14 and carboxypeptidase E, were upregulated with age. Many of these upregulated genes can be grouped into several broad functional categories: immune response, proteases and protease inhibitors, stress response, and neovascularization. RT-PCR results from six of six genes examined confirmed the differential change in expression with age of these genes. Our study provides likely candidate genes to further study their role in the development of age-related macular degeneration and other aging diseases affecting the RPE/choroid.

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