The absolute dating of Upper Pleistocene subSaharan fossil hominids and their place in human evolution

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
R PROTSCH
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Fossil Hominids ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Absolute

Shimao culture: naming, distribution, and chronology

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Zhouyong Sun ◽  
Jing Shao ◽  
Nan Di
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Central Plains ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
Northern Shaanxi ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Three Phases

Abstract By synthesizing previous studies and the most updated archaeological data by typical stratigraphic contexts and assemblages, Hetao region cultural remains represented by li-tripods with double-handles should be considered part of the Shimao culture. With its core distribution area spanning from northern Shaanxi to central-northern Shanxi to central-southern Inner Mongolia, the development of Shimao culture can be divided into three phases: early, middle, and late. The absolute dating of the Shimao culture ranges from approximately 2300 BCE to 1800 BCE. The Shimao culture was therefore a major late Longshan archaeological culture in northern China that stands apart from its peers in the Central Plains.

scholarly journals Topical issues in the study of the early Aeneolithic of the Don forest-steppe (chronology, periodization, synchronization)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220
Author(s):  
Andrey Mikhailovich Skorobogatov
Keyword(s):  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
East European ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Tripolye Culture

For a long time, the Eneolithic of the Don forest-steppe remained one of the least studied epochs in the archaeological scheme of the region. However, since the late 1960s, sites with materials of the Eneolithic have been actively explored on the territory of the Voronezh and Lipetsk Regions. By the 1980s, researchers had a concept for the development of copper-stone age cultures within the system of the Mariupol cultural-historical region of the Dnieper-Don-Ural interfluve, which is still relevant today. The criteria for distinguishing the Eneolithic era in the steppe and forest-steppe spaces of the East European steppe and forest-steppe were substantiated. The idea of their synchronization with complexes of the Tripolye A period was designated. The early Eneolithic in the Don forest-steppe was marked by the appearance of a population with specific ceramics of Nizhnedonskaya culture. Questions of the chronology of the early Eneolithic were solved exclusively by methods of analogies with the materials of neighboring territories and synchronization with the local Neolithic complexes. The paper deals with the problems of chronology, periodization and synchronization of materials from the early Aeneolithic of the territory of the Don forest-steppe. The focus is on the absolute dating of the Nizhnedonskaya culture of the Mariupol cultural-historical region and its synchronization with the early Tripolye Culture. According to all the data available to date, the regions early Eneolithic can be dated from 5300 to 4250 BC.

Revised ‘absolute’ dating of the early Mesolithic site of Star Carr, North Yorkshire, in the light of changes in the early Holocene tree-ring chronology

Antiquity ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (284) ◽  
pp. 304-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Dark
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Tree Ring ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Tree Ring Chronology ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Holocene Environmental Change ◽  
Radiocarbon Calibration

Recent revision of the radiocarbon calibration curve for the early Holocene has implications for the ‘absolute’ date of Mesolithic sites such as Star Carr, and for their relationship to the timescale of early Holocene environmental change.

scholarly journals Absolute Dating of the Systematic Excavation from 2019 of the Archaeological Site: Tărtăria-Gura Luncii (Alba County, Romania)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-37
Author(s):  
Sabin Adrian Luca ◽  
Gabriel T. Rustoiu ◽  
Florentin Perianu ◽  
Sergiu Chideșa ◽  
Tiberiu Bogdan Sava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Absolute

AbstractThe systematic research started in 2010 at Tărtăria continue to this day. To clarify the problem of the absolute chronology of the site we have researched on a checkered row (Carriage 25-32) from the SI surface (2019) and carried out sampling for this operation. On this occasion we obtained the evidence published in this article.

New chronology for the Ardèche river Upper Pleistocene evolution: relationships to glacial/interglacial cycles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Genuite ◽  
Jean-Jacques Delannoy ◽  
Jean-Jacques Bahain ◽  
Marceau Gresse ◽  
Stéphane Jaillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Upper Paleolithic ◽  
Alluvial Deposits ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Geophysical Surveys ◽  
Karst River ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
Dating Method

<p>The Ardèche river canyon (Ardèche, France), is famous for its deep ingrown meanders and represent one of the most touristic assets of the region. It is also a central place of Upper Paleolithic human occupancy with numerous caves containing some of the most ancient and impressive rock art ever discovered like in the Chauvet cave, located at the canyon entrance, which artwork was dated at more than 36000 years cal BP (Quilès et al., 2016). The highly elaborated artwork of the cave, dated at more than 36000 years cal BP (Quilès et al., 2016), was kept in an exceptional state because of successive rock collapses of the cliff overhanging the cave that led to the complete closing of the entrance about 21,000 years ago (Sadier et al., 2012). </p><p>However, the late Quaternary river evolution remains poorly constrained as no absolute dating was conducted on the alluvial deposits, nor in other rivers of the Central Massif mountain eastern margin.</p><p>We present here the results of two independent dating campaigns based on the karst / river base level relationship and geomorphological observations conducted in both environments. We conducted topographical and geophysical surveys in the Ardèche river meanders and floodplains in order to map the different alluvial banks generations. Geomorphological observations were also conducted inside the canyon cavities and were compared to external observations on an altitudinal grids ranging from the current river thalweg to the + 45 m alluvial deposits.</p><p>We exploited U/Th dating method on some cave speleothems located along the river and sampled corresponding alluvial sediments for ESR dating, at the same altitudes. Results were thus compared to a relative chronological model in order to deliver a bayesian statistical model for the Upper Pleistocene deposits of the Ardèche river.</p><p>Chronological modelling can thus be compared to long term Pleistocene climatic evolution and show correlations with glacial/interglacial Upper Pleistocene cycles, and landscape modifications like meander shortcuts.</p>

Recent human evolution in northwestern Africa

1992 ◽  
Vol 337 (1280) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin Resonance ◽  
Human Evolution ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Esr Dating ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Biological Barrier ◽  
Oxygen Isotope Stage ◽  
Spin Resonance ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Northwestern Africa

The first modern humans in the Maghreb are said to be associated with the Aterian industries which appeared at least 40 ka BP in the northwest. Their predecessors are mainly represented by the Jebel Irhoud (Morocco) specimens. Palaeontological evidence, as well as electron spin resonance (ESR) dating, suggests that this series is older than previously published, and should belong to oxygen isotope stage 5 or even 6. There is no evidence of any Neanderthal apomorphy in this group which can no longer be considered as ‘African Nanderthals’. Clear synapomorphies with modern man combined with some plesiomorphic retentions indicate a slightly more primitive (and older?) grade than the Qafzeh-Skhul sample in southwestern Asia. The Northwestern evidence demonstrates that the mediterranean sea was a major biological barrier during the upper Middle and lower Upper Pleistocene and that the rise of anatomically modern features cannot be restricted to a sub-Saharan of eastern African area.

Diet and teeth: Dietary hypotheses and human evolution

1981 ◽  
Vol 292 (1057) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Evolution ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Fossil Hominids ◽  
Early Hominids ◽  
Extant Species ◽  
Tooth Form ◽  
Rule Out

Hypotheses concerning the diet of early hominids have played an important role in discussions on human evolution. Three investigations have helped define the extent to which dietary hypotheses may be taken and still be testable. Comparative anatomy is a fairly coarse approach, which despite convergences allows only the most specialized diets to be ruled out. A biomechanical analysis makes it clear that the changes in jaw and tooth form are subtle and outside the resolution given by present understanding of cranial function. Analysis of the microscopic tooth wear of extant species has been carried out. Major dietary types can be distinguished by their microwear. The microwear on fossil hominids appears to rule out certain diets that have been proposed for them.

scholarly journals The absolute date of the Great Salbyk Kurgan and the Salbyk stage of the Tagar culture (a response to the article by N. Yu. Kuz'min)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Marsadolov L. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Archaeological Objects ◽  
Critical Notes

This paper is a response to the critical notes in the article by N. Yu. Kuz'min “New dat- ing of the Great Salbyk barrow and the chronology of Tagar sites”. For N. Yu. Kuz'min, in his article of 2020, it remained “unclear” what is the basis of absolute dating of archaeological sites of the Tagar culture — Sal- byk, Kobyak, Bidzha, Large Poltakovsky and Novomikhaylovsky barrows. The absolute dates of the Salbyk stage of the Tagar culture are based not on radiocarbon analysis but on a cross-comparison of diverse simi- lar, in terms of the forms and types, archaeological objects with reference to well-dated sites of Southern Siberia of the 8th–7th century BC.

The Autonomy of the South-East European Copper Age

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 12-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Renfrew
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
The South ◽  
East European ◽  
Great Achievement ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One

Ten years have now elapsed since the death of V. Gordon Childe, whose great achievement it was to relate the many disparate elements of European prehistory into a single coherent whole. These ten years have seen not only the sustained application of radiocarbon dating to the south-east European Neolithic (Quitta, 1967; Kohl and Quitta, 1966), but the publication of important stratigraphic sequences, especially that of the great tell at Karanovo in Bulgaria (Georgiev, 1961). Both these advances put in question one of the essential elements in Childe's structure for the chronology of Europe: the chronological equation between Troy I and the Vinča culture of Jugoslavia (Childe, 1929, 32; 1927; 1939).This is the cornerstone for the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age of much of Europe, and to remove it would cause widespread changes both in chronology and culture history.The crucial importance of this point has been well expressed by Professor Clark (1938): ‘Thanks to the synchronisms established between Troy and Iberia and the western Mediterranean on the one hand, and central and northern Europe on the other, any important alterations in the absolute dating of the successive “cities” is bound to affect the dating of every culture in Europe of the period, much in the same way as fluctuations in the price of certain key commodities are felt in the exchanges of the whole world’. Today, of course, it is not so much the absolute dating of Troy which is in question, but the synchronisms with Europe: the effect, however, is the same.

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