Shimao culture: naming, distribution, and chronology

Abstract By synthesizing previous studies and the most updated archaeological data by typical stratigraphic contexts and assemblages, Hetao region cultural remains represented by li-tripods with double-handles should be considered part of the Shimao culture. With its core distribution area spanning from northern Shaanxi to central-northern Shanxi to central-southern Inner Mongolia, the development of Shimao culture can be divided into three phases: early, middle, and late. The absolute dating of the Shimao culture ranges from approximately 2300 BCE to 1800 BCE. The Shimao culture was therefore a major late Longshan archaeological culture in northern China that stands apart from its peers in the Central Plains.

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Dermaga Kuna di Situs Kota Kapur dan Analisis Pertanggalan Absolut

KALPATARU ◽

10.24832/kpt.v25i1.80 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Agustijanto Indradjaja ◽

Darwin A. Siregar

Keyword(s):

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Archaeological Research ◽

Carbon Dating ◽

Archaeological Data ◽

Research Problems ◽

Absolute Dating ◽

The Absolute

Abstract. Archaeological research at the Kota Kapur site is not as intensive as research on Sriwijaya Palembang, but this site can’t be separated from the kingdom of Sriwijaya. The research tried to see ancient port as part of a settlement on the site of Kota Kapur. This study focused on the remaining pillars to search for its absolute dating. Therefore, descriptive analysis and carbon dating (C-14) methods were used to answer the research problems. The results showed that the absolute dating of ancient port were similar with other archaeological data obtained from previous research. It confirms that the port is part of the settlement units in Kota Kapur site at 6th or 7th century AD.Abstrak. Penelitian arkeologi di situs Kota Kapur memang tidak seintensif penelitian tentang Sriwijaya di Palembang, namun situs Kota Kapur tidak bisa dipisahkan dari Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Penelitian kali ini mencoba melihat aspek dermaga kuna sebagai bagian dari tapak permukiman di situs Kota Kapur. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada data sisa tiang dermaga dan upaya mencari pertanggalan absolutnya. Oleh karena itu, metode analisis deskriptif dan analisis carbon dating (C-14) digunakan untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertanggalan mutlak sisa dermaga memiliki kesesuaian dengan sejumlah data arkeologi lainnya yang diperoleh dari penelitian sebelumnya. Hal ini menegaskan bahwa dermaga tersebut merupakan bagian dari unit permukiman Kota Kapur pada sekitar abad ke-6 atau 7 M.

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Herders’ perception of climate change does not always fit with actual climate change

The Rangeland Journal ◽

10.1071/rj14048 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 557 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Xiliang Li ◽

Zhen Wang ◽

Xiangyang Hou ◽

Zhiying Liu ◽

Sarula ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Alternative Explanation ◽

Northern China ◽

Temperature Data ◽

Actual Data ◽

Behavioural Responses ◽

The Past ◽

Rangeland Condition ◽

The Absolute

Herders’ perceptions are important in relation to adopting adaptive behavioural approaches to climate change. A survey of 1080 herder households was conducted in six rangeland regions of Inner Mongolia in northern China to investigate relationships between herder’s perceptions and actual climate change. Across all six regions, more than 90% of herders perceived a decline in precipitation in the past 30 years, whereas actual data showed no significant change. Many herders also perceived an increase in temperature, which was in agreement with the temperature data, although the proportion of herders who perceived a change in temperature differed among regions. A further survey of 58 households was conducted to better understand the reasons for these differences, by simultaneously surveying their perceptions of the changes in both rainfall and rangeland condition. The results showed that the herders’ perceptions of a decrease in rainfall could be influenced by their perceptions of the changes in the condition of their rangeland (reductions in production). An alternative explanation could relate to rainfall being interpreted in terms of the frequency and pattern rather than the absolute amounts. These findings have important implications for understanding how herders’ perceptions can improve their adaptive behavioural responses to climate change.

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Bacterial Succession Pattern during the Fermentation Process in Whole-Plant Corn Silage Processed in Different Geographical Areas of Northern China

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9050900 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 900

Author(s):

Chao Wang ◽

Hongyan Han ◽

Lin Sun ◽

Na Na ◽

Haiwen Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Bacterial Community ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Northern China ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Shanxi Province ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Bacterial Succession ◽

Fermentation Quality

Whole-plant corn silage is a predominant forage for livestock that is processed in Heilongjiang province (Daqing city and Longjiang county), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Helin county and Tumet Left Banner) and Shanxi province (Taigu and Shanyin counties) of North China; it was sampled at 0, 5, 14, 45 and 90 days after ensiling. Bacterial community and fermentation quality were analysed. During fermentation, the pH was reduced to below 4.0, lactic acid increased to above 73 g/kg DM (p < 0.05) and Lactobacillus dominated the bacterial community and had a reducing abundance after 14 days. In the final silages, butyric acid was not detected, and the contents of acetic acid and ammonia nitrogen were below 35 g/kg DM and 100 g/kg total nitrogen, respectively. Compared with silages from Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia, silages from Shanxi contained less Lactobacillus and more Leuconostoc (p < 0.05), and had a separating bacterial community from 14 to 90 days. Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with pH in all the silages (p < 0.05), and positively correlated with lactic and acetic acid in silages from Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia (p < 0.05). The results show that the final silages had satisfactory fermentation quality. During the ensilage process, silages from Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia had similar bacterial-succession patterns; the activity of Lactobacillus formed and maintained good fermentation quality in whole-plant corn silage.

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Changes in soil microbial community during shrub encroachment process in the Inner Mongolia grassland of northern China

CATENA ◽

10.1016/j.catena.2021.105230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 105230

Author(s):

Xia Hu ◽

Xiao-Yan Li ◽

Yunduo Zhao ◽

Zhou Gao ◽

Shao-Jie Zhao

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Northern China ◽

Shrub Encroachment ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Inner Mongolia Grassland

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Soil Properties and their Spatial Pattern in a Degraded Sandy Grassland under Post-grazing Restoration, Inner Mongolia, Northern China

Biogeochemistry ◽

10.1007/s10533-005-5273-1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 79 (3) ◽

pp. 297-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Yong Zhong Su ◽

Yu Lin Li ◽

Ha Lin Zhao

Keyword(s):

Spatial Pattern ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Northern China ◽

Sandy Grassland

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Early Cretaceous gabbro–granite complex from central Inner Mongolia: Insights into initial rifting and crust–mantle interaction in the northern China–Mongolia basin–range tract

Lithos ◽

10.1016/j.lithos.2018.12.010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 324-325 ◽

pp. 859-876 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lingling Yuan ◽

Xiaohui Zhang ◽

Zhili Yang

Keyword(s):

Early Cretaceous ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Northern China ◽

Granite Complex

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Topical issues in the study of the early Aeneolithic of the Don forest-steppe (chronology, periodization, synchronization)

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv201982217 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 215-220

Author(s):

Andrey Mikhailovich Skorobogatov

Keyword(s):

Forest Steppe ◽

Stone Age ◽

East European ◽

Relevant Today ◽

Long Time ◽

Absolute Dating ◽

The Absolute ◽

Tripolye Culture

For a long time, the Eneolithic of the Don forest-steppe remained one of the least studied epochs in the archaeological scheme of the region. However, since the late 1960s, sites with materials of the Eneolithic have been actively explored on the territory of the Voronezh and Lipetsk Regions. By the 1980s, researchers had a concept for the development of copper-stone age cultures within the system of the Mariupol cultural-historical region of the Dnieper-Don-Ural interfluve, which is still relevant today. The criteria for distinguishing the Eneolithic era in the steppe and forest-steppe spaces of the East European steppe and forest-steppe were substantiated. The idea of their synchronization with complexes of the Tripolye A period was designated. The early Eneolithic in the Don forest-steppe was marked by the appearance of a population with specific ceramics of Nizhnedonskaya culture. Questions of the chronology of the early Eneolithic were solved exclusively by methods of analogies with the materials of neighboring territories and synchronization with the local Neolithic complexes. The paper deals with the problems of chronology, periodization and synchronization of materials from the early Aeneolithic of the territory of the Don forest-steppe. The focus is on the absolute dating of the Nizhnedonskaya culture of the Mariupol cultural-historical region and its synchronization with the early Tripolye Culture. According to all the data available to date, the regions early Eneolithic can be dated from 5300 to 4250 BC.

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The pattern of archaeological cultures in northern China during the Eastern Zhou Period to the Qin Dynasty – also on the interactions among the Rong, Di and Hu ethnic groups and the Central Plains

Chinese Archaeology ◽

10.1515/char-2016-0017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 178-188

Author(s):

Yueying Shan

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Groups ◽

Iron Age ◽

Northern China ◽

Early Iron Age ◽

Central Plains ◽

The North ◽

Spring And Autumn Period ◽

Eastern Zhou ◽

Archaeological Cultures ◽

Cultural Features

Abstract Through the systematic trimming and analysis to the remains of the archaeological cultures of the Eastern Zhou Period through the Qin Dynasty in northern China, this paper puts forward that during this period, there were two cultural zones (the north and south cultural “belts”) with clearly different cultural features and connotations and peoples bearing clearly different physical characteristics in northern China, and discussed the regional differences of the remains of the archaeological cultures in each cultural belt and their developments and changes. The cultures in the south cultural belt could not be regarded as a part of the early Iron Age cultures in the Eurasian Steppes, but a kind of culture peculiar to the transitional zone between the cultures in the Eurasian Steppes and that in the Central Plains; the development and evolution of the north cultural belt, which emerged in the mid to the late Spring-and-Autumn Period, can be divided into three clear phases: the first phase was a part of the early Iron Age cultures in the Eurasian Steppes, but since the second phase, the cultural features and connotations of this belt began to stray out of the cultures in the Eurasian Steppes, which would be closely related to the military conquering and political management of the Central Plains polities and the powerful northward advance of the cultures of the Central Plains. Referring to the relevant historic literature, this paper made further observations to the interactions among the polities of the Central Plains and the peoples in these two cultural belts and the changes of the cultural patterns in each of the two cultural belts, and revealed the processes of the Sinicization of the Rong, Di and Hu ethnic groups in northern China. This paper pointed out that the Hu ethnic group lived in northern China since the mid Spring-and-Autumn Period, and the later appearance of the Hu people in the historic literatures was related to the northward advances of the territories of polities of the Central Plains rather than the southward invasion of the nomadic tribes living in the present-day Mongolian Plateau.

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Diet quality is associated with reduced risk of hypertension among Inner Mongolia adults in northern China

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001900301x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 1543-1554 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xuemei Wang ◽

Aiping Liu ◽

Maolin Du ◽

Jing Wu ◽

Wenrui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Generalized Linear Models ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Linear Models ◽

Protein Pattern ◽

Northern China ◽

High Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractObjective:The present study investigated the association between dietary patterns and hypertension applying the Chinese Dietary Balance Index-07 (DBI-07).Design:A cross-sectional study on adult nutrition and chronic disease in Inner Mongolia. Dietary data were collected using 24 h recall over three consecutive days and weighing method. Dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis. Generalized linear models and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between DBI-07 and dietary patterns, and between dietary patterns and hypertension.Setting:Inner Mongolia (n 1861).Participants:A representative sample of adults aged ≥18 years in Inner Mongolia.Results:Four major dietary patterns were identified: ‘high protein’, ‘traditional northern’, ‘modern’ and ‘condiments’. Generalized linear models showed higher factor scores in the ‘high protein’ pattern were associated with lower DBI-07 (βLBS = −1·993, βHBS = −0·206, βDQD = −2·199; all P < 0·001); the opposite in the ‘condiments’ pattern (βLBS = 0·967, βHBS = 0·751, βDQD = 1·718; all P < 0·001). OR for hypertension in the highest quartile of the ‘high protein’ pattern compared with the lowest was 0·374 (95 % CI 0·244, 0·573; Ptrend < 0·001) in males. OR for hypertension in the ‘condiments’ pattern was 1·663 (95 % CI 1·113, 2·483; Ptrend < 0·001) in males, 1·788 (95 % CI 1·155, 2·766; Ptrend < 0·001) in females.Conclusions:Our findings suggested a higher-quality dietary pattern evaluated by DBI-07 was related to decreased risk for hypertension, whereas a lower-quality dietary pattern was related to increased risk for hypertension in Inner Mongolia.

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