Stereo images of alcoholic hyaline filaments

Micron (1969) ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-196
Author(s):  
N. Benson ◽  
R. Munn ◽  
J. Beirne ◽  
S. Akeda ◽  
S.W. French
Author(s):  
W. C. T. Dowell

Stereo imaging is not new to electron microscopy. Von Ardenne, who first published transmission pairs nearly forty hears ago, himself refers to a patent application by Ruska in 1934. In the early days of the electron microscope von Ardenne employed a pair of magnetic lenses to view untilted specimens but soon opted for the now standard technique of tilting the specimen with respect to the beam.In the shadow electron microscope stereo images can, of course, be obtained by tilting the specimen between micrographs. This obvious method suffers from the disadvantage that the magnification is very sensitive to small changes in specimen height which accompany tilting in the less sophisticated stages and it is also time consuming. A more convenient method is provided by horizontally displacing the specimen between micrographs. The specimen is not tilted and the technique is both simple and rapid, stereo pairs being obtained in less than thirty seconds.


Author(s):  
Rui Fan ◽  
Hengli Wang ◽  
Peide Cai ◽  
Jin Wu ◽  
Junaid Bocus ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Guobiao Yao ◽  
Alper Yilmaz ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Fei Meng ◽  
Haibin Ai ◽  
...  

The available stereo matching algorithms produce large number of false positive matches or only produce a few true-positives across oblique stereo images with large baseline. This undesired result happens due to the complex perspective deformation and radiometric distortion across the images. To address this problem, we propose a novel affine invariant feature matching algorithm with subpixel accuracy based on an end-to-end convolutional neural network (CNN). In our method, we adopt and modify a Hessian affine network, which we refer to as IHesAffNet, to obtain affine invariant Hessian regions using deep learning framework. To improve the correlation between corresponding features, we introduce an empirical weighted loss function (EWLF) based on the negative samples using K nearest neighbors, and then generate deep learning-based descriptors with high discrimination that is realized with our multiple hard network structure (MTHardNets). Following this step, the conjugate features are produced by using the Euclidean distance ratio as the matching metric, and the accuracy of matches are optimized through the deep learning transform based least square matching (DLT-LSM). Finally, experiments on Large baseline oblique stereo images acquired by ground close-range and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, and comprehensive comparisons demonstrate that our matching algorithm outperforms the state-of-art methods in terms of accuracy, distribution and correct ratio. The main contributions of this article are: (i) our proposed MTHardNets can generate high quality descriptors; and (ii) the IHesAffNet can produce substantial affine invariant corresponding features with reliable transform parameters.


PalZ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolin Haug ◽  
Joachim T. Haug

AbstractWhip spiders (Amblypygi), as their name suggests, resemble spiders (Araneae) in some aspects, but differ from them by their heart-shaped (prosomal) dorsal shield, their prominent grasping pedipalps, and their subsequent elongate pair of feeler appendages. The oldest possible occurrences of whip spiders, represented by cuticle fragments, date back to the Devonian (c. 385 mya), but (almost) complete fossils are known from the Carboniferous (c. 300 mya) onwards. The fossils include specimens preserved on slabs or in nodules (Carboniferous, Cretaceous) as well as specimens preserved in amber (Cretaceous, Eocene, Miocene). We review here all fossil whip spider specimens, figure most of them as interpretative drawings or with high-quality photographs including 3D imaging (stereo images) to make the three-dimensional relief of the specimens visible. Furthermore, we amend the list by two new specimens (resulting in 37 in total). The fossil specimens as well as modern whip spiders were measured to analyse possible changes in morphology over time. In general, the shield appears to have become relatively broader and the pedipalps and walking appendages have become more elongate over geological time. The morphological details are discussed in an evolutionary framework and in comparison with results from earlier studies.


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