Thermal performance of a solar hot water system with plastic bag water heater array

1988 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-431
Author(s):  
H.P. Garg ◽  
N.K. Bansal ◽  
D.S. Hrishikesan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Plastic Bag

The Solar Energy-Air Source Heat Pump Was Applied to the Hot Water System

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Chu Ping Lu ◽  
Kai Ji
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Air Source Heat Pump ◽  
Hot Water Supply ◽  
The City

This paper is as an example of the hot water supply of the hotel in the city,The design of the hot water system is the solar energy and the air source heat pump,includes:the selection calculation of the air source heat pump of the water heater , the selection and calculation of the solar collector,the determination of the thermal storage tank and the determination of the circulating water pump of heat collecting .

scholarly journals Non-residential water demand model validated with extensive measurements and surveys

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Pieterse-Quirijns ◽  
E. J. M. Blokker ◽  
E. van der Blom ◽  
J. H. G. Vreeburg
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Peak Demand ◽  
Demand Equations ◽  
Proper Estimation

Abstract. Existing Dutch guidelines for the design of the drinking water and hot water system of non-residential buildings are based on outdated assumptions on peak water demand or on unfounded assumptions on hot water demand. They generally overestimate peak demand values required for the design of an efficient and reliable water system. Recently, a procedure was developed based on the end-use model SIMDEUM to derive design-demand-equations for peak demand values of both cold and hot water during various time steps for several types and sizes of non-residential buildings, viz. offices, hotels and nursing homes. In this paper, the design-demand-equations are validated with measurements of cold and hot water patterns on a per second base and with surveys. The good correlation between the simulated water demand patterns and the measured patterns indicates that the basis of the design-demand-equations, the SIMDEUM simulated standardised buildings, is solid. Surveys were held to investigate whether the construction of the standardised buildings based on the dominant variable corresponds with practice. Surveys show that it is difficult to find relationships to equip the standardised buildings with users and appliances. However, the validation proves that with a proper estimation of the number of users and appliances in only the dominant functional room of the standardised buildings, SIMDEUM renders a realistic cold and hot water diurnal demand pattern. Furthermore, the new design-demand-equations based on these standardised buildings give a better prediction of the measured peak values for cold water flow than the existing guidelines. Moreover, the new design-demand-equations can predict hot water use well. In this paper it is illustrated that the new design-demand-equations lead to reliable and improved designs of building installations and water heater capacity, resulting in more hygienic and economical installations.

scholarly journals A small parabolic trough collector as a solar water heater: an experimental study in Ouargla region, Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djamel Benmenine ◽  
Mokhtar Ghodbane
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Water Heater ◽  
Parabolic Trough ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Parabolic Trough Collector ◽  
Solar Water ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Average Consumption

This study aims to conduct an experimental thermal examination of a parabolic trough collector in Ouargla region at Algeria, which will be used as a solar water heater. The solar collector was manufactured and then experimentally tested, as its theoretical optical performance was estimated at 75.06%, while the values of its true thermal performance are 10.61, 10.68 and 8.85 % for 13 May, 14 May and 15 May. Although its thermal performance is somewhat low, the studied PTC is effective in heating the water, whereas, using a volumetric flow of 0.011 l/s, about 317 liters of water can be heated daily at 42°C, knowing that the daily average consumption of hot water in a typical house is 250 liters because the Ouargla region is strategically located that receives huge amounts of solar irradiance

scholarly journals Non-residential water demand model validated with extensive measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-471
Author(s):  
E. J. Pieterse-Quirijns ◽  
E. J. M. Blokker ◽  
E. van der Blom ◽  
J. H. G. Vreeburg
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Peak Demand ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
End Use

Abstract. Existing guidelines related to the water demand of non-residential buildings are outdated and do not cover hot water demand for the appropriate selection of hot water devices. Moreover, they generally overestimate peak demand values required for the design of an efficient and reliable water system. Recently, a procedure was developed based on the end-use model SIMDEUM® to derive design rules for peak demand values of both cold and hot water during various time steps for several types and sizes of non-residential buildings, i.e. offices, hotels and nursing homes. In this paper, the design rules are validated with measurements of cold and hot water patterns on a per second base. The good correlation between the simulated patterns and the measured patterns indicates that the basis of the design rules, the SIMDEUM simulated standardised buildings, is solid. Moreover, the SIMDEUM based rules give a better prediction of the measured peak values for cold water flow than the existing guidelines. Furthermore, the new design rules can predict hot water use well. In this paper it is illustrated that the new design rules lead to reliable and improved designs of building installations and water heater capacity, resulting in more hygienic and economical installations.

Designing and Researching of Gas Cooler in Trans-Critical Carbon Dioxide Water Heater

2010 ◽  
Vol 171-172 ◽  
pp. 368-373
Author(s):  
Jing Lv ◽  
Jie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Water System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Chilled Water ◽  
Critical Carbon Dioxide

In this paper a gas cooler for trans-critical carbon dioxide water heater was designed and calculated according to the theory basis for the optimal design. The characteristic parameters of gas cooler in heat pump hot water system were compared and analyzed, applying the data from trans-critical carbon dioxide water heater test bed, under one-time heating condition, by different flow of chilled water and hot water, different inlet temperatures of chilled water and hot water. To sum up, coefficient of performance can be increased by increasing the chilled water inlet temperature or hot water circulating flow, while it can be decreased by increasing the inlet temperature of hot water circulating system，the parameters (flow of water, inlet temperature, the refrigerant mass flow, gas cooler pressure and inlet temperature of refrigerant) need to be adjusted to different requirements, for ensuring the high efficiency of system.

scholarly journals New Approaches For Analyzing Hot Water & Other Systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward W. Saltzberg
Keyword(s):  
Water System ◽  
Temperature Fluctuations ◽  
Temperature Monitoring ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Monitoring Equipment ◽  
Service Personnel ◽  
Proper Size ◽  
Minimum Points ◽  
Continuous Temperature

Historically, Analyzing A Hot Water System To Establish Why A System May Run Out Of Hot Water, Why Temperature Fluctuations Occur In Showers, And How Long Are The Delays In Getting Hot Water To Fixtures, Was A Time-Consuming And Kind Of A Hit And Miss Operation. These Tasks Encompassed Having Service Personnel Review The Operation Of The Water Heater, Do Calculations To See That The Water Heater Was The Proper Size, Ascertain What The Physical Configuration Of The Hot Water System Was, And The Lengths Of Various Piping Segments, And Lastly, Take Temperature Readings At Various Locations And Times Throughout The System. Some Of This Data Could Be Obtained With Continuous Temperature Monitoring Equipment, But It Was Very Laborious And The Continuous Chart Recorders Generated Temperature Printout Charts At The Rate Of Two Inches Per Hour, Which Meant Quite A Long Chart For Each Test. Furthermore, The Temperature Readings At Times Could Be Extremely Confusing, As They Overlapped, And It Was Difficult To Find The Maximum And Minimum Points And Discover Repetitive Patterns On The Long Charts.

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